Questions - Ancient Greece and Persia

Question 1

How did the sea affect civilization in ancient Greece?

Answer 1

Prevented large-scale farming and impeled the Greeks to look beyond their borders to new where fertile soil was more abundante

Question 2

Why did the Greeks create their own city-states instead of a united country during ancient history?

Answer 2

Because of the physical geography of the Mediterranean region

Question 3

What was the holy book for the ancient Greek religion that contains its teachings and guidelines?

Answer 3

The bible - Lilad and the Odyssey

Question 4

What is the name for the major gods and goddesses from Greek mythology?

Answer 4

The twelve olympians - Zeus, Poseidon, Hera, Demeter, Aphrodite, Athena, Artemis, Apollo, Ares, Hephaestus, Hermes, and either Hestia or Dionysus

Question 5

Why did many Greeks travel to the city-state of Delphi and see the Pythia at the Temple of Apollo?

Answer 5

The Pythia’s prophecies and guidance were highly sought after for important decisions

Question 6

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were all famous leaders in which academic field of study?

Answer 6

Western philosophy

Question 7

What types of plays were invented by the ancient Greeks and became a form of entertainment?

Answer 7

Comedy, satyr plays, tragedy

Question 8

Why is Homer considered an important figure in world history?

Answer 8

Presumed author of the Lilad and the Odyssey, two hugely influential epic poems of Ancient Greece

Question 9

Which two ancient Greek scholars wrote about the history of the Persian War and the history of the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 9

Herodotus and Thueydides

Question 10

Why is Hippocrates considered an important figure in world history?

Answer 10

Founder of Ancient Greece medicine - “Father of Medicine”

Question 11

Why do historians refer to a period of ancient Greek history as the Dark Age?

Answer 11

No contemporary written accounts of its exist

Question 12

How did Solon change the government in Athens?

Answer 12

Ended Exolusive aristocratic control of the government, substituted a system of control by the wealthy, and introduced a new and moe hormone law code

Question 13

How were tyrants viewed differently in some ancient civilizations, such as Greece, compared to in modern times?

Answer 13

Someone who ruled their government alone without traditional authority

Question 14

Why is Cleisthenes considered an important figure in world history?

Answer 14

Founder of Athenian democracy

Question 15

In Athenian democracy, who was excluded from participating in the government?

Answer 15

Slaves, freed slaves, children, women and metics

Question 16

How did the Assembly work in Athenian democracy?

Answer 16

The regular opportunity for all male citizens of Athens to speak their minds and exercise their votes regarding the government of their city

Question 17

Who was the Greek politician that was a huge advocate for democracy, supervised the reconstruction of the Acropolis, and turned the Delian League into an empire?

Answer 17

Pericles

Question 18

Why do many modern-day countries elect politicians, instead of allowing all citizens to serve in the government?

Answer 18

Their populations are too large to gather in one place

Question 18

Why did King Darius send the Persian army to attack Greece in the Battle of Marathon during the Persian Wars?

Answer 18

To punish the city-states of Athens and Eretria

Question 19

What was the significance of the Battle of Thermopylae during the Persian Wars?

Answer 19

Allowed for Xerxes’ passage into southern Greece, which expanded the Persian empire even further

Question 20

What was a major cause of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta?

Answer 20

Athenian control of the Delian League

Question 21

How was Sparta able to win the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 21

With financial help from Persia

Question 22

Why do some historians refer to Alexander as “the Great”?

Answer 22

A powerful symbol of power, military genius, and conquest

Question 23

What was a significant development after Alexander’s death during the Hellenistic Period?

Answer 23

The helienistic world eventually settled into four stable power blocks: the ptolemaic kingdom of Egypt, the seleocid Empire in the east, the Kingdom of Pergamonin Asia Minor, and Macedon

Question 24

Why did the Greeks establish several colonies around the Mediterranean Sea?

Answer 24

To provide a release for Greek over population, land hunger, and political unrest

Question 25

What were some of the major goods produced in ancient Greece?

Answer 25

Wine, olives, and pottery

Question 26

How did Sparta’s relationship with the helots affect the development of its society?

Answer 26

The helot population outnumbered the Spartiate population and grew over time, causing societal tensions

Question 27

Did Athenian women have more or fewer rights than Spartan women?

Answer 27

Spartan women had more rights

Question 28

Who were the citizens that also traditionally served as soldiers in the armies of most Greek city-states?

Answer 28

Hoplites

Question 29

Which city-state in ancient Greece experienced several government changes and eventually became the first democracy in the world?

Answer 29

Athens

Question 30

List the following eras of ancient Greek history in chronological order: Archaic Period, Classical Period, Dark Age, Hellenistic Period, Minoan Civilization, Mycenaean Civilization

Answer 30

Minoan civilization - mycenaean civilization - dark age - archaic period, classical period, helienistic period

Question 31

Who were the Minoans?

Answer 31

A sea-trading people who developed a civilization on the island of crete in the Mediterranean Sea during the Bronze Age

Question 32

Which civilization was known for its warriors, building walled fortresses around Greece, and fighting in the legendary Trojan War?

Answer 32

Mycenaean

Question 33

What were the powers of the god named Zeus in Greek mythology?

Answer 33

Weather, summoning storms when angry, shape shifting, lighting

Question 34

Who was the goddess of wisdom and battle strategy in Greek mythology that was honored at the Parthenon on the Acropolis?

Answer 34

Athena

Question 35

Why did Spartan boys receive limited food and supplies during their military training?

Answer 35

The government wanted Spartan warriors to be tough, disciplined, and not tempted by a comfortable life

Question 36

Did Athens have a powerful army or navy? Did Sparta have a powerful army or navy?

Answer 36

Athens had a powerful navy and Sparta had a powerful army

Question 37

What was the role of women in Sparta?

Answer 37

Bearing and raising children

Question 38

What were the five events of the pentathlon in the ancient Greek Olympics?

Answer 38

Jump, discus, foot race, javelin throw, and wrestling

Question 39

Why did Alexander stop his military campaign and turn back toward Greece?

Answer 39

His exhausted troops mutinied and refused to go further

Question 40

Which empire was the target of Alexander’s military campaign and was conquered after losing the Battles of Granicus, Issus, and Gaugamela?

Answer 40

Persian Empire