Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

astringent

A

chemical compound used to shrink or constrict tissue. ex: Calamine

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2
Q

burrows solution

A

astringent: aluminum acetate solution

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3
Q

Domeboro Solution

A

astringent: aluminum acetate solution

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4
Q

Annular

A

Circular

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5
Q

Bulla

A

Large fluid-filled blister greater than 1 cm in diameter.

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6
Q

Cyst

A

A papule or nodule that contains fluid or semi-fluid material

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7
Q

Crusting

A

Occurs when plasma exudes weep through an eroded epidermis and dries on the skin surface.
It is rough on the surface and is yellow or brown in color.

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8
Q

Desquamation

A

Latin “to scrape the scales off a fish”

More formally called skin peeling - the shedding of the outermost layer of tissue.

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9
Q

Erosion

A

Loss of the surface (epidermis) of a skin lesion

It is a shallow moist or crusted lesion.

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10
Q

Eschar

A

Dark-colored adherent crust of dead tissue found on some ulcers.

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11
Q

Excoriation

A

Scratch mark or surface injury penetrating the dermis.
It may be linear or a picked scratch (prurigo – intensely itchy spots).
Excoriations may occur in the absence of a primary dermatosis.

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12
Q

Fissure

A

Thin crack within epidermis or epithelium

Due to excessive dryness

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13
Q

Fluctuant

A

Movable or compressible

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14
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

Increase in the dead cells on the surface of the skin forming scales (stratum corneum).

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15
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Due to hypermelanosis that results in skin color that is darker than normal.

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16
Q

Hypopigmentation

A

Skin color that is paler than normal

17
Q

Lentigo

A

Plural – Lentigines

Commonly referred to as “liver spots”

18
Q

Lichenification

A

Caused by chronic rubbing, which results in palpably thickened skin with increased skin markings and a lichenoid scale.
Occurs in chronicatopic eczemaandlichen simplex.

19
Q

Macule

A

Small area of color change, often defined as less than 1.5 cm diameter.
The surface issmooth and non-palpable.

20
Q

Nikolsky sign

A

A specific skin finding in which the top layers of the skin slough off when slightly rubbed.
Use a pencil eraser placed on the skin and gently twist back and forth.
Test result is positive, a blister will form in the area, usually within minutes.

21
Q

Nodule

A

An enlargement of a papule in three dimensions (height, width, length).
It is a solid lesion more than 1 cm in diameter.

22
Q

Patch

A

A patch refers to a large area of color change

Smooth surface.

23
Q

Papule

A

Small palpable lesions.
Usually by definition less than 1 cm diameter.
They are raised above the skin surface, and may besolitaryormultiple.

24
Q

Petechiae

A

Petechiae are small red, purple or brown spots - a form of purpura.

25
Q

Purpura

A

Bleeding into the skin.
This may be petechial or as ecchymosis.
Does not blanch with pressure (diascopy).

26
Q

Plaque

A

Palpable flat lesion usually greater than 1 cm diameter.
Most plaques are elevated, but a plaque can also be a thickened area without being visibly raised above the skin surface.
They may have well-defined or ill-defined borders. The name ‘plaque’ is derived from the French word for plate.

27
Q

Polygonal

A

Skin lesion has a non-geometric shape.

28
Q

Prurigo

A

A chronic skin disease having various causes, marked by the eruption of pale, dome-shaped papules that itch severely.

29
Q

Pruritus

A

Intense itching

30
Q

Pustule

A

Collection of pus.
It is filled with neutrophils, and may be white, or yellow.
Not all are infectious.

31
Q

Serpiginous

A

Non-defined wavy tract or margin

Imagine a snake crawling in a forward direction

32
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Prominent cutaneous blood vessels.

Red or purple in color.

33
Q

Tumor

A

Abnormal mass of new tissue growth that serves no function in the body.
Usually classified as benign or malignant
Often caused by cancer.

34
Q

Ulcer

A

Full thickness loss of epidermis or epithelium and dermis and may involve subcutaneous tissue.
Heals with a scar.
Often covered with aneschar.

35
Q

Vesicle

A

Small fluid-filled blisters less than 1cm in diameter.
May be single or multiple.
Fluid may be clear or blood-stained.

36
Q

Wheal

A

Also spelled ‘weal’

Edematous papule or plaque caused by swelling in the dermis