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Vocabulary > Vocabulary 26-50 > Flashcards

Vocabulary 26-50 Flashcards

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1
Q

scheduled flight

A

normal, regular flight

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2
Q

charter flight

A

special flight taking a group of people, usually to the same holiday destination

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3
Q

restrictions

A

e.g. you can only travel on certain days

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4
Q

non - refundable

A

you can’t get your money back

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5
Q

stopover

A

you may stay somewhere overnight before continuing to your destination

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6
Q

shuttle bus

A

from and to your hotel

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7
Q

all- inclusive

A

includes your flight, accommodation and all meals, drinks and snacks in the hotel

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8
Q

ferry

A

normally for sea travel

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9
Q

crossing

A

journey across the sea

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10
Q

go on a cruise

A

holiday at sea

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11
Q

holiday of a lifetime

A

one you will always remember

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12
Q

shared cabin

A

a bed in a cabin with other people

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13
Q

upper deck

A

the higher part of the ship, which is often bigger and more comfortable

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14
Q

exotic

A

unusual exciting

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15
Q

get away from it all

A

escape your daily life and routines

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16
Q

change trains

A

get off one train and on to another

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17
Q

through train

A

or direct train, one which takes you directly to your destination

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18
Q

getting around

A

travelling to different places

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19
Q

unlimited mileage

A

you can travel as many miles as you like for the same price

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20
Q

come and go as you please

A

go where you want when you want

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21
Q

camping

A

sleeping in a tent of a caravan

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22
Q

self-catering

A

where you do your own cooking

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23
Q

chalet

A

small cottage or cabin specially built for holiday-makers

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24
Q

guest house

A

small, relatively cheap hotel

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25
Q

inn

A

similar to a pub, but also offering accommodation; sometimes in an attractive old building

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26
Q

half board

A

usually breakfast and one other meal

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27
Q

full board

A

all meals

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28
Q

escape the crowds

A

go where there are not many people

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29
Q

get off the beaten track

A

go to places tourists don’t normally go, somewhere different/ unusual

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30
Q

get back to nature

A

live a natural, rural style of life

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31
Q

tourist sector

A

tourist industry

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32
Q

discerning

A

showing good judgement, especially about style and quality

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33
Q

boast

A

this use of boast is for listening the good qualities of a place

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34
Q

hordes

A

crowds, in a negative sense

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35
Q

wealth of

A

large amount of

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36
Q

flora and fauna

A

plant and animals; a fixed phrase

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37
Q

national parks

A

areas of a country that are protected by the government because of their natural beauty of because they have a special history

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38
Q

nature reserves

A

areas of land protected in order to keep safe the animals and plants that live here, often because they are rare

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39
Q

tracts

A

areas of land; collocates with large, vast, huge

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40
Q

virgin

A

original and natural

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41
Q

seeking something out of the ordinary

A

looking for something different

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42
Q

unwind

A

relax, reduce your general level of stress

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43
Q

recharge

A

get back your energy

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44
Q

taste of the bush

A

wild, areas covered in grass, bushes or trees

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45
Q

4x4 vehicles

A

pronounced four by four; vehicles with driving power on all four wheels

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46
Q

waterfront

A

on the edge of the sea or of a river

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47
Q

stunning

A

extremely beautiful

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48
Q

unbeatable

A

no other company can offer cheaper ones for the same service

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49
Q

awe-inspiring

A

it fills you with a sense of the power and beauty of what you are looking at

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50
Q

rambles, hikes, treks

A

these words represent a scale of length and difficulty

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51
Q

rable

A

is a long, pleasant walk, not too demanding

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52
Q

hike

A

is more demanding, suggesting more difficult terrain

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53
Q

trek

A

is usually of several days over wild country

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54
Q

unrivalled

A

no other holiday programme can match this

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55
Q

scenic

A

having views of the attractive, natural things in the countryside

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56
Q

paradise

A

a perfect place or situation

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57
Q

ecotourism

A

the business of organising holidays in a way which helps local people and does not damage the environment

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58
Q

savour

A

enjoy or taste

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59
Q

heartland

A

the inland areas furthest away from the sea of from borders with other countries

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60
Q

rainfall

A

the amount of rain that falls, for example in a month or in a year

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61
Q

arid

A

dry

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62
Q

prone to

A

tending to have a particular negative characteristic

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63
Q

drought

A

long period without rain

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64
Q

tundra

A

area in the north with no trees and permanently frozen ground

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65
Q

vegetation

A

plant life

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66
Q

coniferous

A

trees that are evergreen and produce cones, unlike deciduous trees, which loose their leaves in winter

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67
Q

prairies

A

flat grasslands in Canada and northern USA

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68
Q

paddy fields

A

fields with rice growing in water

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69
Q

cereals

A

type of grass cultivated to produce a grain, e.g. food plant like rice, wheat or maize

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70
Q

tend

A

take care of

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71
Q

developed

A

with a modern, industrial economy

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72
Q

manufacturing

A

producing goods in large numbers

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73
Q

at the forefront

A

in an important position

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74
Q

generates

A

produces/creates

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75
Q

developing

A

describes a country that is poor and does not have a modern , industrial economy

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76
Q

are descended from

A

are related to someone who lived in the past

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77
Q

indigenous

A

existing natural in that place

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78
Q

ancestors

A

relatives from earlier times; we are ancestors’ descendants

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79
Q

migrants

A

people who move to live in another country or another part of their own country

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80
Q

emigrant

A

someone who leaves their country

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81
Q

immigrant

A

is someone who moves to live in a country

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82
Q

settled

A

made their homes

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83
Q

chilly

A

cold

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84
Q

freezing

A

cold

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85
Q

nippy

A

cold

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86
Q

boiling

A

hot

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87
Q

sweltering

A

hot

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88
Q

roasting

A

hot

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89
Q

blowy

A

windy

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90
Q

breezy

A

windy

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91
Q

stifling

A

oppressive/sultry

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92
Q

heavy

A

oppressive/sultry

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93
Q

close

A

oppressive/sultry

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94
Q

chucking it down

A

downpour/ deluge

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95
Q

it’s pouring

A

downpour/ deluge

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96
Q

muggy

A

humid

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97
Q

clammy

A

humid

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98
Q

sticky

A

humid

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99
Q

climate

A

general atmosphere or situation in society

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100
Q

sunny disposition

A

hardly ever miserable

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101
Q

snowed under with work

A

too much work to do

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102
Q

under a cloud

A

under suspicion or discredited

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103
Q

cloud your judgement

A

to cause someone to be unable to think clearly

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104
Q

build something/ someone up

A

metaphorically to mean to praise someone or something in a way that will increase expectations of them

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105
Q

cement

A

used to fix bricks firmly in place and to make relationships more solid

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106
Q

to come up against a brick wall

A

is used metaphorically, meaning to meet a barrier

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107
Q

ceiling

A

suggest a limit to something

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108
Q

glass ceiling

A

a phrase used to refer to an invisible barrier that stops people, especially women, from rising to top positions at work

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109
Q

roof fell in

A

my world collapsed

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110
Q

floor give away

A

metaphorically when you faint

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111
Q

go through the roof

A

used about prices, meaning to increase rapid, uncontrolled fashion

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112
Q

hit the roof

A

get very anger

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113
Q

window of opportunity

A

chance to do something special

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114
Q

window

A

means an opening

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115
Q

goes out (of) the window

A

it means it departs

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116
Q

tower

A

conveys an idea of distance from ordinary people

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117
Q

ivory tower

A

he/she does not know about the unpleasant and ordinary things that happen in life

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118
Q

tower of strength

A

they are extremely strong (in emotional rather than physical sense)

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119
Q

towers above

A

they are either outstandingly tall or outstanding in some other positive way

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120
Q

be a gateway to

A

give an opportunity

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121
Q

closed/shut doors

A

no opportunity

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122
Q

opens doors

A

give an opportunity

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123
Q

through/by the back door

A

suggest doing it unofficially

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124
Q

behind closed doors

A

suggest secrecy; no one knows exactly why it was made

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125
Q

provide/ hold the key to

A

to suggest the importance of something

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126
Q

seed(s)

A

often used to talk about the start of an idea or feeling

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127
Q

root(s)

A

suggests the origin of something

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128
Q

going back to your roots

A

going back to the place where your family came from

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129
Q

putting down roots

A

settling down and making your home in one place

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130
Q

take root

A

when an idea get known or accepted

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131
Q

grassroots supporters

A

an organisation or society are the ordinary people in it

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132
Q

stem

A

used as a verb to signify that something originates in something else

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133
Q

nipped in the bud

A

flower before it opens; stopped before it develops into something

134
Q

budding

A

showing promise of future development

135
Q

a branch

A

is something that grows off

136
Q

weed out

A

get rid off

137
Q

prune back

A

cut/limit

138
Q

is reaping the rewards

A

is getting results from

139
Q

reaping what we sowed

A

experiencing the logical results of our actions

140
Q

have dug up

A

have discovered

141
Q

was germinating

A

was beginning to develop

142
Q

have been sprouting up

A

have been appearing quickly in large numbers

143
Q

is flourishing

A

is doing very well

144
Q

green shoots

A

first signs that the economy is improving

145
Q

sheds

A

loses

146
Q

thrive

A

grow/develop well an successfully

147
Q

fade

A

becoming smaller

148
Q

wither

A

becoming smaller

149
Q

shrivel

A

becoming smaller

150
Q

wilt

A

becoming smaller/ lose energy

151
Q

fading

A

becoming smaller

152
Q

shrivelled

A

become less

153
Q

glance

A

make the recipient feel scorned

154
Q

look

A

make the recipient feel scorned

155
Q

remark

A

make the recipient feel scorned

156
Q

wither

A

make the recipient feel scorned

157
Q

mammal

A

animal that gives birth to live babies, not eggs

158
Q

marsupial

A

kangaroo kind of mammal, young grow in a pouch in front of the mother

159
Q

rodent

A

mouse, rat

160
Q

reptile

A

snake, lizard

161
Q

carnivore

A

animal that eats a diet that is mainly or exclusively meat

162
Q

herbivore

A

animal that eats a diet that is mainly or exclusively grass/vegetation

163
Q

predator

A

animal that eats/hunts other animals

164
Q

scavenger

A

animal that feeds on dead animals which it has not killed itself

165
Q

warm/cold-blooded

A

warm-blooded animals have temperatures that stay the same; cold-blooded animals have to control their temperature by taking heat from outside or by being very active

166
Q

docile

A

behaves very gentle

167
Q

tame

A

not afraid of humans

168
Q

domesticated

A

live with or used by humans

169
Q

wild

A

opposite of domesticated

170
Q

savage

A

extremely violent or wild

171
Q

fierce

A

behaves aggressively

172
Q

natural habbitat

A

preferred natural place for living and breeding

173
Q

migration

A

when animals travel long distances to get a different habitat

174
Q

dodo

A

large flightless bird which was found on one island in the Indian ocean

175
Q

became instinct

A

died out

176
Q

game reserves/ parks

A

area of lands where animals are protected from hunting

177
Q

bird sanctuary

A

protected natural area where birds can live and breed

178
Q

animal shelter

A

place where stray cats and dogs; pets that have lost their home, are given food and place to live

179
Q

blood sports

A

sports whose purpose it is to kill or injure animals

180
Q

the fur trade

A

the selling of animal furs for coats

181
Q

poachers

A

people who hunt animals illegally

182
Q

the ivory trade

A

the buying and selling of ivory the elephants’ tusks

183
Q

animal rights activists

A

people who actively campaign for the protection and rights of animals

184
Q

horn

A

hard, pointed, often curved part growing from the head of an animal

185
Q

shrinking habitats

A

places where animals live and breed which are decreasing in size

186
Q

biodiversity

A

variety of different types of biological species

187
Q

endangered spieces

A

types of animals/plants which are in danger of no longer existing

188
Q

climate change sceptics

A

people who do not believe that climate change is a serious issue

189
Q

global warming

A

steady rise in average world temperatures

190
Q

carbon (dioxide) emissions

A

carbon dioxide gas from factories, cars etc

191
Q

fossil fuels

A

coals, oil etc

192
Q

greenhouse effect

A

warming of the Earth’s surface caused by pollution, where gases trap and redirect heat back down to the Earth’s surface

193
Q

exerts severe pressure on

A

puts greats pressure on

194
Q

finite resources

A

limited resources that will eventually run out / be exhausted

195
Q

ecological balance

A

balance of natural relationships om the environment

196
Q

uncontrolled deforestation

A

unrestricted destruction/ clearing of forests

197
Q

demographic projections

A

forecasts about the population

198
Q

grow exponentially

A

grow extremely rapidly

199
Q

depleting resources

A

resources that are reducing

200
Q

waste disposal

A

getting rid of waste

201
Q

toxic waste

A

poisonous waste materials

202
Q

contaminating

A

poising (someting)

203
Q

precious commodity

A

very valuable substance

204
Q

water security

A

ability to ensure that a population has safe drinking water

205
Q

the worst-case scenarios

A

the worst possibilities for the future

206
Q

pristine evironments

A

perfectly clean/ untouched/ unspoiled areas

207
Q

green credentials

A

reputation for positive support of the environment and for making policies that reflect this

208
Q

prophets of doom and gloom

A

people who always make the most depressing or pessimistic predictions about the future

209
Q

sustainable development

A

development of industry, etc. which does not damage the environment or social and economic stability, and which can continue over a period of time

210
Q

renewable energy

A

energy produced using the sun, wint or crops rather than coal or other fuels which cannot be replaced once used

211
Q

prompt

A

quick, without delay

212
Q

query

A

question or enquiry

213
Q

responsive to

A

they listen, take things seriously and act

214
Q

accommodating

A

willing to understand and help

215
Q

got back to

A

called (or wrote) with an answer

216
Q

impeccable

A

100% perfect

217
Q

obliging

A

willing and happy to do things for someone

218
Q

incompetent

A

failing through insufficient skill, knowledge or training

219
Q

impersonal

A

lacking a personal element or feeling of human warmth

220
Q

shoddy

A

poor quality

221
Q

substandard

A

below the standard expected

222
Q

uncooperative

A

not supportive, unwilling to work together

223
Q

backlog

A

number which are waiting to be dealt with

224
Q

sense of urgency

A

feeling that your request is important or urgent

225
Q

helpline

A

telephone number where you can get help if you have a problem

226
Q

put you on hold

A

make you wait

227
Q

under guarantee/warranty

A

having a written promise by a company to repair or replace a faulty product

228
Q

secure site

A

web address where no outside person can read your details

229
Q

set up an account

A

enter all details necessary to open an account

230
Q

privacy policy

A

set of rules to make sure your account is private

231
Q

secure transactions

A

business exchanges which protect e.g. your credit card from use by someone else

232
Q

availability

A

whether they can supply something

233
Q

home page

A

main or first page of a website

234
Q

FAQ

A

frequently asked questions

235
Q

site index

A

look at the list of goods/services offered before buying

236
Q

immediate dispatch

A

goods will be send at once

237
Q

nationwide

A

covering the whole country

238
Q

track

A

follow

239
Q

in-store

A

in a real shop

240
Q

landing card

A

form with your personal details and date of arrival

241
Q

customs declaration form

A

form showing how much money and what goods you are carrying

242
Q

vaccination certificate

A

paper proving you have had the necessary health injections

243
Q

entry regulations

A

rules about who can enter a country and for how long

244
Q

facial recognition technology

A

computer application that can automatically identify a person from a visual image

245
Q

spot checks

A

checks done as a sample, rather than checking everyone or everything

246
Q

banned or restricted goods

A

items that are forbidden or only permitted in specified quantities

247
Q

allowance

A

amount permitted by law

248
Q

sniffer/detector dogs

A

specially trained dogs who locate specific items using their smell

249
Q

detect

A

find something hidden

250
Q

clear customs

A

successfully get through baggage checking

251
Q

port of entry

A

the port or airport where you first enter a country

252
Q

refugees

A

people who have escaped from their own country for political reasons

253
Q

claim assylum

A

to request permission to stay in another country to avoid persecution back home

254
Q

persecution

A

cruel treatment because of race, religion or political beliefs

255
Q

enforce

A

make people obey

256
Q

stop and search

A

belief that something may be the case

257
Q

suspicion

A

belief that something may be the case

258
Q

search warrant

A

official permission from a judge or magistrate to search a home

259
Q

exceeding the speed limit

A

going faster than the permitted speed

260
Q

traffic wardens

A

people whose job it is to make sure drivers do not leave their cars where it is not allowed

261
Q

CCTV

A

closed-circuit television, television system sending signals to a limited number of screens

262
Q

security forces

A

often a name for the army and police working together

263
Q

plain-clothes police

A

police who do not wear a uniform

264
Q

undercover police

A

police who are working secretly, using a false identity

265
Q

drug squad

A

police specially trained to fight the illegal drug trade

266
Q

anti-corruption squad

A

police specially trained to discover and fight bribery/corruption

267
Q

bribery/corruption

A

dishonest behaviour usually involving using money illegally to gain favours

268
Q

cybercrime

A

computer crime, cyberterrorism/cyberwarfare

269
Q

phishing

A

tricking people on the internet to give up personal information, particularly back account details

270
Q

adherent of

A

a person who supports a particular idea or party

271
Q

concert to

A

someone has taken on a new set of beliefs

272
Q

fanatic

A

(disapproving) someone with a very strong belief that something is great

273
Q

radical

A

someone who believes there should be extreme change, often political

274
Q

reactionary

A

(disapproving) someone opposed to change to new ideas

275
Q

eradicate

A

abolish or get rid of

276
Q

tenet

A

a principle on which a belief is based

277
Q

proponents

A

person who publicity supports an opinion

278
Q

derive from

A

have their origins in

279
Q

civil disobedience

A

when a group of people express disapproval of laws by refusing to obey them

280
Q

viewpoint/ point of view

A

way of thinking about a situation

281
Q

credible

A

believable

282
Q

incredulous

A

not wanting or able to believe something

283
Q

gullible

A

easily tricked into believing things that may not be true

284
Q

subjective

A

influenced bu beliefs or feelings rather than facts

285
Q

plausible

A

convincing

286
Q

attribute to

A

consider something to be caused or created by

287
Q

presume

A

believe something to be true although you are not totally certain

288
Q

give her the benefit of the doubt

A

accept that someone is telling the truth even though it is not certain

289
Q

take with a pinch of salt

A

do not totally believe what you are told

290
Q

celebrations

A

verb: is celebrated/ celebrates adjective: celebratory

291
Q

festival/ festivities

A

adjective: festive

292
Q

parade

A

verb: paraded

293
Q

spectacle

A

adjective: spectactular

294
Q

feast

A

verb: feasting

295
Q

ceremonies

A

adjective: ceremonial

296
Q

renewal

A

verb: renews adjective: renewed

297
Q

superstitious

A

have illogical beliefs about hidden forces in nature

298
Q

centenary/bi-centenary

A

100th anniversary/200th anniversary

299
Q

flamboyant

A

extremely colourful and exaggerated

300
Q

raucous

A

very noisy

301
Q

traced back to pagan times

A

its origin may be found in, the times when people believed that nature had special powers

302
Q

sombre

A

serious, heavy and sad

303
Q

atmospheric

A

has a special feeling or atmosphere

304
Q

commemorates

A

respects and remembers officially

305
Q

syntax

A

the grammar and word order

306
Q

modality

A

meaning such as possibility and necessity

307
Q

modal verbs

A

must, could, should

308
Q

phonology

A

the sound system, pronunciation and intonation

309
Q

phonemes

A

different sounds that distinguish meanings

310
Q

diphthongs

A

sounds made by combining vowels

311
Q

lexicon

A

specialised term for vocabulary

312
Q

orthography

A

specialised term for writing systems and spelling

313
Q

characters

A

letters or symbols

314
Q

pictograms

A

characters representing pictures

315
Q

ideograms

A

characters representing ideas/concepts

316
Q

morphology

A

how words are formed

317
Q

morphemes

A

unthinkable 3. un, think, able. units of meaning

318
Q

polysemous

A

they have a number of different meanings

319
Q

context

A

the language or situation around it

320
Q

metaphorical

A

not literal

321
Q

usage

A

the way words are used

322
Q

obsolete

A

fall out of use

323
Q

coined

A

use of words, created

324
Q

registers

A

style of language used in a particular situation

325
Q

jargon

A

a specific type of language that is used by a particular group of people sharing a job or interest

326
Q

articulate

A

able to express their ideas clearly in words

327
Q

eloquent

A

able to express ideas or opinions clearly, in a way to influence others

328
Q

succinct

A

clearly and using few words

329
Q

mot juste

A

French for ‘correct word’ exactly right word or phrase for a particular situation

330
Q

inarticulate

A

unable to express their ideas clearly in words

331
Q

speechless/lost for words

A

you are so surprised that you are unable to say anything

332
Q

put your foot in it

A

you say something without thinking carefully and may upset or embarrass someone

Vocabulary (2 decks)

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