Vocabulary 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Countenance
A
The appearance or expression of someone’s face
Example: He was of noble countenance.
2
Q
Auction
A
Licitatie
3
Q
Beehive
A
Stup de albine
4
Q
Learned
A
Wise
Invatat
5
Q
Parishioner
A
Enorias
6
Q
Grasshopper
A
Lacusta
7
Q
Maple
A
Artar
8
Q
Miller
A
Morar
9
Q
To abstain
A
To not to do something, especially something enjoyable that you think might be bad
Example: He took a vow to abstain from alcohol/smoking/sex.
10
Q
Rag
A
A torn piece of cloth
Example: I keep these rags for cleaning the car.
11
Q
Ragged
A
Zdrenturos
Example: The children were wearing dirty, ragged clothes.
12
Q
Gallant
A
Galant
13
Q
Plush
A
Expensive, comfortable and of high quality
Example: He took me out to a really plush restaurant.
14
Q
Gloom
A
Darkness
Feeling of great unhappiness
Bergman’s films are often full of gloom and despair.
15
Q
Deserted
A
If a place is deserted, there are no people in it
Example: The coastal resorts are deserted in winter.
16
Q
Lump
A
A piece of solid substance, usually with no particular shape
Example: a lump of coal
17
Q
To contrive
A
To arrange a situation or event, or arrange for something to happen, using clever planning
Example: Couldn’t you contrive a meeting between them? I think they’d really like each other.
18
Q
Fiddler
A
Lautar
19
Q
Sheer (adj.)
A
Used to emphasize how very great, important or powerful a quality or feeling is
Example: SHEER MADNESS
20
Q
Gaoler (old fashioned)
A
Jailer
21
Q
Freckled
A
Pistruiat
22
Q
Ajar
A
Intredeschis
If the door is ajar, it is slightly opened
Example: Unless the postman
23
Q
On end
A
Continuously
24
Q
To weave
A
A coase
25
Janitor
A person employed to take care of a large building, such as a school, and who deals with the cleaning, repairs, etc.
Caretaker or doorkeeper
Portar, usier
26
Keeper
A person who takes care of animals or is in charge of valuable objects, buildings, etc.
Ingrijitor de animale
27
To trample
To step heavily on something or someone causing damage or injury
Example: Somebody trampled all over my flowerbeds!
28
Script
Scenariu
The words of a film, play, broadcast, or speech
Example: Bruce Robinson wrote the script for "The Killing Fields".
29
Dramatist
Dramaturg
A person who writes plays
30
Playwright
Dramatist
31
Short story
Nuvela
32
Overnight
During the night
Example: An overnight stop in Paris
Example: You can stay overnight if you want to.
33
Pole
Polonez
34
Costly
Expensive
Example: A costly purchase
35
Grim
Very unpleasant or ugly
Example: A grim-looking block of flats
Worrying or without hope
Example: The future looks grim.
36
Tether
Lant
| A chain or rope used to tie
37
To tether
To tie something or somebody
Example: Do not tether the goats and do not keep then indoors.
38
To assuage
To make unpleasant feelings less strong
Example: The government has tried to assuage the public's fears.
39
Bespoke (adj.)
Specially made for a particular person
Example: A bespoke suit.
40
To enhance
To improve the quality, amount or strength of something
Example: These scandals will not enhance the organization's reputation.
41
To forsake
To stop doing or having something
Example: He decided to forsake politics for journalism,
42
To cling
To stick onto or hold something or someone tightly, or to refuse to stop holding it
Example: They clung together in terror as the screams grew louder.
43
To compel
To force someone to do something
Example: As a schoolboy he was compelled to wear shorts even in winter.
Example: The new circumstances compelled a change in policy.
44
...,pray tell,...
...,ma rog,...
45
To loiter
To move slowly around or stand in a public place without an obvious reason
Example: A gang of youths were loitering outside the cinema.
46
To augment
To increase the size or value of something by adding something to it
Example: He would have to find work to augment hi income.
47
To heed
To pay attention to something, especially advice or a warning
Example: The airline has been criticized for failing to heed advice/warnings about lack of safety routines.
48
Astutely
In a way that shows someone is able to quickly understand a situation and see how to get an advantage from it
Example: They took over the company and astutely transformed it into a tech giant.
Example: She astutely observed that the invisible black ice on a paved surface is not, by its nature, obvious or easy to see.
49
Squarely (also square)
Directly, firmly
Example: She refused to come down squarely on either side of the argument.
Example: She punched him square on the jaw.
50
To apprehend
To catch and arrest someone who has not obeyed the law
Example: The police have finally apprehended the killer.
51
Quaint
Attractive because of being unusual and especially old-fashioned
52
To elaborate
To explain something that you have said
Example: The congresswoman said she was resigning, but refused to elaborate on her reason for doing so.
53
Fair share
Reasonable amount
Example: He gets his fair share of attention too.
54
To curtail
To stop something before it is finished, or to reduce or limit something
Example: With all the snow, our daily walks have been severely curtailed.
55
To scrub
To rub something hard in order to clean it
To cancel or eliminate
Example: She scrubbed (at) the mark on the wall for a long time, but it wouldn't come off.
56
Worse off (adj.)
Poorer or in a more difficult situation
Example: If Rick loses his job we'll be even worse off.
Antonym of 'better off'
57
Grudge
A strong feeling of anger and dislike for a person who you feel has treated you badly, especially one that lasts for a long time
Example: Amanda still HAS/HOLDS a grudge against me for refusing to lend her that money.
58
To salvage
To save goods from damage or destruction, especially from a ship that has sunk or been damaged or a building that has been damaged by fire or flood
Example: After the fire, there wasn't much furniture left worth salvaging.
59
Wreckage
A badly damage object or the separated parts of a badly damaged object
Example: Two children were trapped in a wreckage
60
To haul
To take something or someone somewhere by force
Example: FBI agents hauled away boxes of records.
61
To haul someone
To arrest someone
62
Income stream
Steady flow of money
Example: These bonds provide steady income streams.
63
To disseminate
To spread or give out something, especially news, information, ideas, etc
Example: One of organization's aims is to disseminate information about the disease.
64
Reckless
Doing something dangerous and not worrying about the risks and the possible results
Example: He was found guilty of reckless driving.
65
Vow
Juramant
Example: After the horrible meals we had last Christmas, I vowed to do more of the cooking myself.
66
Torch song
A song about love
67
Way off (adj.)
Completely wrong
68
Extortion
Santaj
Example: He was found guilty of obtaining the money by extortion
69
To blackmail
A santaja
Example: They used the photographs to blackmail her INTO spying for them
70
Demeanor
A way of looking and behaving
Example: She has the demeanor of a woman who is contented with her life.
71
Contented
Happy or satisfied
Example: She smiled a contented smile.
72
To bargain
To try to make someone agree to give you something that is better for you, such as a better price or better working conditions
A negocia
Example: The seller might be willing to bargain OVER the price.
73
To bargain for
A se astepta la
74
To allege
To say that someone has done something illegal or wrong without giving proof
Example: The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions.
Example: It was alleged that Johnson had struck Mr. Rahim on the head
75
To assert
To say that something is certainly true
Example: He asserts that she stole money from him.
76
Blunt (adj.)
Saying what you think without trying to be polite or caring about other people's feelings
Example: Blunt criticism
Example: Blunt and outspoken, he often quarreled with fellow officials.
77
Outspoken (adj.)
Expressing strong opinions very directly without worrying if other people are offended.
Example: Outspoken comments.
Example: Mr. Masack is an outspoken critic of the present government.
78
To comprehend
To understand something completely
Example: I fail to comprehend their attitude.
79
To confide
To tell something secret or personal to someone who you trust not to tell anyone else
Example: He confided (TO her) that his hair was not his own.
80
To denounce
To criticize something or someone strongly an publicly
Example: The government' economic policy has been denounced on all sides.
81
To flatter
A flata
Example: I knew he was only flattering me because he wanted to borrow some money.
82
Gist
The most important pieces of information about something, or general information without details.
Example: That was the gist of what he said.
83
Inkling
A feeling that something is true or likely to happen, although you are not certain
Example: I didn't have an inkling that she was unhappy.
84
To quibble
To argue about, or say you disapprove of, something that is not important
Example: There is no point quibbling OVER/ABOUT a couple of dollars.
85
To scribble
To write or draw something quickly or carelessly
Example: The baby has just scribbled all over my new dictionary.
86
To stumble
To step awkwardly while walking or running and fall or begin to fall
Example: Running along the beach, she stumbled ON a log and fell on the sand.
87
To stutter
A te balbai
Example: She stutters a little, so be patient and let her finish what she is saying.
88
To slave
A slugari
Example: Never had the witch seen a woman so young and beautiful slaving for a hideous man.
89
Librarian
Bibliotecar
90
Magnifying glass
Lupa
91
Halt
An occasion when something stops moving or happening
Example: Severe flooding has brought trains to a halt on several line in Scotland
92
Knapsack
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/knapsack
Ghiozdan Indiana Jones
93
Hare
Iepure
94
Lawnmower
Masina de tuns iarba
95
To squeak
To make a short, very high cry or sound
Example: The mouse squeaked with fright when it saw the cat.
96
Lullaby
A quiet song that is sung to children to help them go to sleep.
97
Beekeeper
Apicultor
98
Amount to
Se ridica la...
Example: Before the beekeeper finds out that the coins hidden by the goblin in his beehives AMOUNT TO a six-zero figure...
99
Ambassador
Ambasador
100
To come of age
To reach the age when you are legally regarded as an adult
Example: The ambassador's niece won't make faces at the ambassador before she makes sure that she is the only inheritor, which won't happen before she comes of age.
101
To make faces
Sa te strambi
Example: The ambassador's niece won't make faces at the ambassador.
102
Sole (adj.)
Being the only; single
Example: My sole objective is to make the information more widely available.
103
Conductor
Dirijor
Example: The conductor raised his baton.
104
Tyrant
Tiran
Example: The tyrant told the scientist called himself Einstein that it was high time a new discovery was made.
105
To suspect
A banui
Example: We had no reason to suspect that he might try to kill himself.
106
Onlooker
Spectator
107
Apprentice
Ucenic
Example: The baker might have watched his apprentice eat a loaf of bread.
108
Editor
Redactor
Columnist
109
Ask/Invite over
For someone to invite one to the place where they live.
Example: The literary critic had been inviting/asking the editor over for a drink for weeks.
110
Ostrich
Strut
111
Possibly
Used with 'can' and 'could' for emphasis
Example: He would've told her his knowledge of German wasn't good enough and he couldn't possibly read german stories.
112
To avert
To turn away your eyes or thoughts
Example: I averted my eyes/gaze while she dressed.
Example: We tried to avert our thoughts from our massive financial problems.
113
Oblivion
The state of being completely forgotten
Example: These toys will be around for a year or two, then fade/slide/sink into oblivion
The state of being completely destroyed
Example: The plane bombed the city into oblivion
The state of being unconscious
Example: He sought oblivion into a bottle of whiskey.
114
To weep
To cry tears
Example: He has done nothing but weep all day.
115
Harmonica
Muzicuta
116
Benefactor
Binefacator
117
Last but one
Penultimul
118
Boatman
Barcagiu
119
Upstream
Sail against the current towards the starting point of a river.
Example: He had steered the boat upstream.
120
If it weren't for
When you say if it weren't for or (also if it hadn't been for)something, you mean if it were not true or had not happened, the situation would be different
Example: If it weren't your help, we would never have finished in time.
121
Landlady
A woman who is paid rent by people for the use of a room, building, or piece of land that she owns
122
Beside oneself with
To be overcome with worry, grief or anger
Example: She was beside herself with rage.
123
Grief
Very great sadness, especially at the death of someone
Example: Her grief at her son's death was terrible.
124
To shelter someone or some animal
To house ...
Example: The rat he was sheltering could've eaten his cheese.
125
Out of order
Machines that are out of order are broken or not working correctly
Example: All elevator in the building are out of order.
126
Clumsy
A clumsy person often has accidents because they do not behave in a careful, controlled way
Example: That's the third glass you've smashed this week - you're so clumsy!
127
All thumbs
Uncoordinated or clumsy with one's hands
Example: My mother does beautiful calligraphy, but I'm all thumbs - I can barely hold the pen.
128
To deem
To consider or judge someone in a particular way
Example: [ + noun/adj ] We will provide help whenever you deem it appropriate.
Example: [ + obj + to infinitive ] Anyone not paying the registration fee by 31 March will be deemed to have withdrawn from the offer.
129
To warrant
To make a particular activity necessary
Example: Obviously what she did was wrong, but I don't think it warranted such a severe punishment.
Example: It's a relatively simple task that really doesn't warrant a great deal of time being spent on it.
130
Erratic
Something that is erratic is not regular, certain, or organized in its movement or behavior
Example: The erratic behaviour of the stock market is making investors nervous.
Example: Stocks closed up slightly after an erratic day of trading.
131
To ail
To cause difficulty or problems for someone or something
Example: The government seems to have no understanding of what ails the country.
132
Distress
A feeling of extreme worry, sadness, or pain
Example: She claimed that the way she had been treated at work had caused her extreme emotional and psychological distress.
133
Kindred
Similar or related
Example: They sell dried fruit and nuts and other kindred products.
134
Akin
Having some of the same qualities
Example: They speak a language akin to French.
135
To endeavor
To try to do something
Example: Engineers are endeavoring to locate the source of the problem.
136
Vestige
A small part or amount of something larger, stronger, or more important that still exists from something that existed in the past
Example: These old building are the last vestiges of a colonial past.
137
Zealot
A person who has very strong opinions about something, and tries to make other people have them too
Example: a religious zealot
138
To whimper
To cry, making small, weak sounds
Example: She whimpered pathetically.
139
Badger
Bursuc
140
Inn
A pub where you can stay overnight, usually in the countryside
141
Pint of beer
Halba de bere
142
Furrier
A person who sells or makes cloths made from fur
143
Poacher
Braconier
144
Dimple
Small hollow place, especially one that appears on one's face when they smile
Example: He shoots at all poachers with dimples in their left cheek.
145
Lazybones
Lenes
146
Volunteer
Voluntar
147
Hunchback
Cocosat
148
Stork
Barza
149
Unjust
Unfair
150
To be taken aback
To be very surprised or shocked
Example: I was somewhat taken aback by her honesty.
151
Somewhat
To some degree
Example: The resort changed somewhat over the last few years.
152
To pace up and down
To walk back and forth, as in fear, anxiety, etc.
Example: I just paced up and down while I waited to hear back from the doctor.
153
Admission
The act of agreeing that something is true, especially unwillingly
Example: Her silence was taken as an admission of her guilt/defeat.
154
Outcry
A strong expression of anger and disapproval made by a group of people
Protest
Example: The release from prison of two of the terrorists has provoked a public outcry.
155
Inquiry committee
A group set up to investigate something
156
To oust
To force someone to leave a place of power, job, place or competition
Example: Police are trying to oust the drug dealers form the city.
157
Scapegoat
A person who is blamed for something that someone else has done
Example: The captain was made a scapegoat for the team's failure.
158
To overlook
To provide a view of, especially from above
Example: Our hotel room overlooked the harbour.
159
To fuel/prompt speculation
[ + that ] News of the president's illness fuelled/prompted speculation that an election will be held later in the year.
160
To drive a wedge between somebody
To damage the good relationship that two (or more) people have
Example: It doesn't make sense to let things that happened in the past drive a wedge between us now.
161
Scoop
A story or piece of news discovered and published by one newspaper before all the others
Example: The paper managed to secure a major scoop and broke the scandal to the world.
162
Libel
A piece of writing that contains bad and false things about a person
Example: She threatened to sue the magazine for libel.
163
Echelon
A particular level or group of people within an organization such as an army or company
Example: These salary increases will affect only the highest echelons of local government.
164
Ruse
A trick intended to deceive someone
Example: It was just a ruse to distract her while his partner took the money.
165
To stem (from)
To originate in or be caused by
Example: Her problem stem from her difficult childhood.
166
Desirable
Worth having and wanted by most people
Example: It's regarded as a HIGHLY desirable job.
167
Czar
Tar
168
Spendthrift
Cheltuitor
Example: His nephew must've acted like a young spendthrift.
169
Intertwined
Twisted together as to be difficult to separate
Example: Our fates seemed to be intertwined.
170
To hoard
To collect large amounts of something and keep it for yourself, often in secret
Example: During the siege, people began hoarding food and supplies.
171
To bow and scrape
Sa "pupi mana" cuiva
To show too much politeness or attention to someone:
Example: It's embarrassing to see people bowing and scraping to the new CEO.
172
Sham (of sth.)
Ceva ce nu e asa
Something that is not what it seems to be and is intended to deceive people, or someone who pretends to be something they are not
Example: It turned out that he wasn't a real doctor at all - he was just a sham.
Example: They claimed that the election had been fair, but really it was a sham.
173
Curfew
A rule that everyone must stay at home between particular times (war, political trouble)
174
To thwart
To stop something from happening or someone from doing something
To deter
Example: Our holiday plans were thwarted by the airline pilots' strike.
175
To squander
To waste money or supplies, or to waste opportunities by not using them to your advantage
Example: Ireland squandered several chances, including a penalty that cost them the game.
176
Shortsighted
Prost
Showing lack of thought for what might happen in the future
177
Tender
Gentle, loving or kind
Example: A tender look/smile
178
Treachery
Behaviour that deceives or is not loyal to someone who trusts you
Example: From his cell on board ship, the captain wrote about the treachery of his crew.
179
Roar
Loud, deep sound
Example: She looked up as a plane roared overhead.
180
Heinous
Very bad and shocking
Example: a heinous attack
181
Dire
Very serious or extreme
Example: These people are in dire need of help.
182
To garner
To collect something, usually after much work or with difficulty
Example: Coppola garnered several Oscar awards for "The Godfather".
183
To perpetrate
To commit a crime or a violent or harmful act
Example: Federal soldiers have been accused of perpetrating atrocities against innocent people.
184
Fallacy
An idea that a lot of people think is true but is in fact false
Example: [ + that ] It is a common fallacy that women are worse drivers than men.
185
Helm
The handle or wheel which controls the direction in which a ship or boat travels
Example: Who was at the helm when the collision occurred?
!At the helm
186
Batch (of sth)
A group of things or people dealt with at the same time or considered similar in type
Example: Every day another batch of papers reaches the manager, demanding his attention.
187
Parcel
An wrapped object
Example: The back of the car was full of Christmas parcels.
188
To hum
A fredona
Example: I forgot how that song goes - could you hum it for me?
To make a continuous low sound
Example: What's that strange humming sound?
189
To lodge
To put something in a safe place
To become stuck in a place or position
Example: A fish bone had lodged in her throat.
To pay rent to stay somewhere
Example: She lodged WITH Mrs Higgins when she first came to Cambridge.
190
Churlish
Insolent
Rude, unfriendly
Example: They invited me to dinner and I thought it would be churlish to refuse.
191
Insolent
Rude and not showing respect
Example: an insolent gesture/remark
192
Contempt
Strong feeling of dislike
Example: At school she had complete contempt for all her teachers.
193
Hold sth/sb IN contempt
To feel contempt for someone or something
194
To scowl (also noun)
To look at someone or something with a vey annoyed expression
Example: The boy scowled her reluctantly and followed her back into the school.
195
To glare (also noun)
To look directly and continuously at someone or something in an angry way
Example: She glared angrily at everyone and stormed out of the room.
To shine too brightly
Example: The sun was glaring right in my eyes.
196
To glance (also noun)
To give a quick short look
Example: She glanced around the room to see who was there.
Example: She TOOK/CAST a glance at her watch.
197
To ford
To cross a river on foot or in a vehicle.
198
Porch
Pridvor
199
To sigh (also noun)
To breathe out slowly and noisily, expressing tiredness, sadness, pleasure
Example: She sighed deeply and sat down.
Example: I wish he was here, she sighed.
200
To glimpse (also noun)
To see something or someone for a very short time or only partly
Example: We glimpsed the ruined abbey from the windows of the train.
201
Hardened
Used to describe someone who has had a lot of bad experiences and as a result no longer gets upset or shocked.
Example: Hardened detectives
202
To thump
To hit something and cause a noise
Example: Someone was thumping on the door.
203
To brandish
To wave something in the air in a threatening or excited way.
204
Hastily
Said or done in a hurry, sometimes without the necessary care or thought
Example: Some thought the government acted too hastily.
205
Hasty
Hasty actions are done in a hurry, sometimes without the necessary care or thought:
Example: I think perhaps we were a little hasty in judging him.
206
Keen sense of smell
Very good or well developed
207
Keen wind
A keen wind is strong and cold
208
Audacity
Courage or confidence of a kind that other people find shocking or rude
Example: disapproving He had the audacity to blame me for his mistake!
Syn.: courage, bravery, boldness
209
By no means
Not in the least
Example: It is by no means certain that we'll finish the project by June.
210
Not in the least
Not at all
Example: "Are you dissatisfied with the results?" "Not in the least."
211
To jest
To say something intended to be funny
Example: Would I jest about something so important?
212
Sheltered from...(wind, etc.)
(of a place) protected from bad weather.
Example: The plants need a shady, sheltered spot in the garden
Example: Sheltered from the wind.
Protected from difficulties or unpleasant realities.
Example: I was a mathematics don at Cambridge living a rather sheltered life
213
As to
About
214
Mare
Cal
215
Somebody endowed with
Somebody that naturally has that quality or feature
Example: Some lucky people are endowed with both brains and beauty.
216
Joyously
In a very happy way
Example: Crowds of people danced joyously in the street.
Syn.: cheerfully, enthusiastically
217
Objection
The act of expressing or feeling opposition to or dislike of something or someone
Example: Her objection TO/AGAINST the plan is based on incorrect facts.
Example: A couple of people RAISED/VOICED objections to the proposal.
218
Consent
Permission or agreement
Example: They can't publish your name without your consent.
Example: You can only come on the trip if your parents give their consent.
219
To take refuge in
He took refuge in his pipe.
220
Peasant
Taran
221
Innumerable
Too many to be counted
Example: The project has been delayed by innumerable problems.
Syn.: Countless, numberless
222
Picturesque
Pitoresc
Example: The picturesque narrow streets of the old city.
223
To simmer
To cook something liquid, or something with liquid in it, at a temperature slightly below boiling
Example: Leave the vegetables to simmer for a few minutes.
224
Malice
The wish to harm or upset other people
Example: There certainly wasn't any malice in her comments.
Example: I bear him no malice. (= do not want to harm or upset him)
225
To wither
To weaken
(to cause) to become weak and dry and decay
Example: Grass had withered in the fields.
226
Threshold
Prag
227
Mischief
Behaviour, especially a child's, that is slightly bad but is not intended to cause serious harm or damage
Example: Maybe a new bike would keep him out of mischief.
228
To confine
To keep someone in a closed place, often by force
Example: The hostages had been confined for so long that they couldn't cope with the outside world.
Syn.: to detain
To limit an activity, person or problem in some way
Example: Let's confine our discussion to the matter in question, please!
229
Twang
To make a noise like that of a tight string being quickly pulled and released
Example: He twanged the guitar string
A quality of the human voice, produced by air passing out through the nose as you speak
Example: a nasal/southern twang
230
To supplicate
To ask for something in a humble way
Example: I knew I could not go on supplicating for more.
231
To tease
To laugh at someone or say unkind things about them, either because you are joking or because you want to upset that person
Example: I used to hate being teased about my red hair when I was at school.
232
Submissive
Allowing yourself to be controlled by other people or animals
Example: In the presence of older birds, the younger eagles tend to be submissive.
Example: He was looking for a quiet, submissive wife who would obey his every word.
233
Obdurate
Stubborn
Example: The president remains obdurate on immigration.
234
Conceit
The state of being too proud of yourself and your actions
Example: The conceit of that man is incredible.
235
Repartee
Quick and usually funny answers and remarks in conversation
Example: Oscar Wilde's plays are full of witty repartee.
236
Witty
Using words in a clever and funny way
Example: He was witty and very charming
237
Merriment
An occasion when people laugh or have an enjoyable time together
Example: Sounds of merriment came from the kitchen
238
Incessant
Never stopping, especially in an annoying or unpleasant way
Example: Incessant rain/noise/complaints
Syn.: perpetual, ceaseless
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Soothe
To make someone feel calm or less worried
Example: To soothe a crying baby
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Libation
Bauta
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Egregious
Extremely bad in a way that is very noticeable
Example: It was an egregious error for a statesman to show such ignorance.
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Statesman
An experienced politician, especially one who is respected for making good judgments
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Folly
The fact of being stupid, or a stupid action, idea, etc
Example: She said that the idea was folly.
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Behindhand
Late in doing something or slower doing something than expected
Example: I worked late last night because I was behindhand with my accounts.
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Defiance
Behaviour in which you refuse to obey someone or something
Example: The demonstration is a pointless ACT/GESTURE of defiance AGAINST the government.
Example: In defiance of the ceasefire, rebel troops are again firing on the capital.
