Vocabulary Flashcards
Black Tarry Stools
Melena
Yellow coloration of the sclera in the eye
Icterus
Large purple, blue, and yellow bruises
Ecchymoses
Excessive Thirst
-Compulsive drinking = reduces Na (water intoxication) r/t ^ Dilution of urine or ^ output
Polydipsia
Coarse tremors, rapid, nonrhythmic extensions and flexions in the wrists and fingers (Hand Flapping)
Neuro sx in Cirrhosis pt.s
Asterixis
Muscle aches and pain
Myalgia
A mental disorder disconnected from reality
S/SX: Thought Disorder, Fear, Auditory Hallucinations
Psychosis
Words that only have meaning to pt.; made-up definition or title of something abnormal to social
EX: Calling a fork a dinglehopper
Neologism
Wandering off-topic; going off on tangents
Tangentiality
Positive SX of Schizophrenia
Inability to realize one is sick
*Cognitive Impairment
Anosognosia
Abnormal protrusion of the eyes; ^ fat deposits and edema in the periorbital area.
TX: artificial tears, sunglasses r/t light sensitivity, taping eyes shut to sleep r/t eyes not closing completely
**r/t hyperthyroidism from Graves’ Disease
Exophthalmos
(Bug Eyes)
Dry, waxy swelling only in the front surfaces of the lower legs.
-Resembles benign tumors or Keloids
**r/t Hyperthyroidism from Graves’ Disease
Pretibial Myxedema
The absence of menstruation is often defined as missing one or more menstrual periods. –>Primary: refers to the absence of menstruation in someone who has not had a period by age 15.
Amenorrhea/
Primary Amenorrhea
coughing up blood
Hemoptysis
Sensitivity to light
Photophobia
Involuntary contraction of muscles, usually results from low CA levels in the blood (i.e., hypocalcemia).
Common sx include numbness around the mouth, muscle cramps, and paresthesias affecting the hands and feet
Tetany
Tingling, burning, pricking or prickling, skin-crawling, itching, “pins and needles” or numbness on or just underneath your skin
Paresthesia
A serious condition that occurs when there is an extremely low number of granulocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the blood.
Common Med Side Effect
Agranulocytosis
CONDITION
Presence of Male secondary sex characteristics (not associated with reproduction ex: deepening or high-pitched voice)
Virilization
increased cell production in a normal tissue or organ.
Hyperplasia
CONDITION the pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone (GH) after normal growth of the skeleton is finished. After epiphyseal closure @puberty
CAUSES: bones of the hands, feet, head, and face to grow larger than normal.
–Possibly r/t pituitary gland tumor.
Acromegaly
Curving of the spine that causes a bowing or rounding of the back. This leads to a hunchback or slouching posture.
(hump-back)
Kyphosis
Stretch Marks
Striae
Increase in abnormal hair growth
Hirsutism
Condition that causes the overproduction of saliva.
Ptyalism
An irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. (a runny nose)
*SX of the common cold
Coryza
AKA Rhinitis
A state of extreme thinness from the absence of body fat and muscle wasting, usually resulting from malnutrition
Emaciation
uncontrollable movements of the eyes; go up, down, and all around
Nystagmus
Seeing two of the same image; whether horizontal, vertical, or diagonal (Double Vision)
Diplopia
Dry Mouth
R/T Age, radiation therapy for cancer, or meds
Xerostomia
“xero-“
Dry
“Chole-“
Gallbladder or Bile Duct
The release of air or gas from the stomach or esophagus through the mouth (Burping)
Eructation
The sound that the stomach and intestines make as food, fluids, and gas move through them. (Stomach growling)
–>The stomach and intestinal walls produce rumbling sounds during peristalsis, when they contract and relax to propel the food or fluids forward.
**True borborygmi suggests a mechanical obstruction in small intestines
Borborygmi
Pigment metabolism is characterized by excessive deposits of melanin (a brown, black, or blue pigment) in the skin or other tissues.
Melanosis
Empyema
Collection of pus in the pleural cavity, gram-positive, or culture from the pleural fluid.
—>Associated with pneumonia but may also develop after thoracic surgery or thoracic trauma
—>SX: Fever, Chest pains, Breathlessness, Coughing up mucous
Empyema
Paralytic Ileus
CONDITION: functional motor paralysis of the digestive tract secondary to neuromuscular failure
CAUSES: postoperative state, following an episode of infectious gastroenteritis, sepsis, peritonitis, or intestinal ischemia.
SX: bowels do not move, fluids and gas accumulate, which stretch the bowel wall, causing —>vomiting, decreased bowel sounds, and constipation.
Paralytic Ileus
No bowel movement=vomiting, gas and fluid accumulation, Decreased Bowel sounds & constipation
Galactorrhea
milk production from the breast unrelated to pregnancy or lactation
Galactorrhea
Osteopenia
a low BMD (bone mineral density)
-Bones may be porous and fragile, common for elder adults
-pt. needs to take a Ca Supplement; like
CALCIUM CARBONATE= a Ca Sup, Antacid, and Phosphate Binder
Osteopenia
-Low bone density
Atrial Fibrillation (aka AFIB)
-atria of the heart pump fast and irregular
-ventricles don’t work together as they should.
AFIB= Atrial Fibrillation
fast and irregular HR
Colic
An adult is experiencing intestinal or urinary system pain
Colic (Adult)
Biliary System
-Liver, Bile ducts, &/or Gallbladder
Biliary System/ Biliary
