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ASA 101 RAV > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Of a sail, when the wind is on the “wrong” side

A

Aback

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2
Q

Toward the stern, as in “_____ the beam”

A

Abaft

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3
Q

Off the boat at right angles to its centerline

A

Abeam

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4
Q

Toward the stern or behind the boat

A

Aft

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5
Q

Toward the stern

A

After

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6
Q

When the hull or keel is touching the bottom

A

Aground

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7
Q

A buoy or other device deployed to mark a channel, a navigational feature, or a hazard

A

Aid to navigation

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8
Q

Above the deck, usually in the rig

A

Aloft

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9
Q

At or toward the middle of the boat

A

Amidships

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10
Q

A device lowered to the bottom while secured to the boat to hold the boat stationary

A

Anchor

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11
Q

The combination of true wind and the wind effect of motion as felt aboard a moving boat

A

Apparent wind

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12
Q

Behind the stern

A

Astern

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13
Q

Across the boat from side to side

A

Athwartships

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14
Q

The act of setting a sail aback

A

Backing or Backwinding

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15
Q

A wire support from the top of the mast to the stern

A

Backstay

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16
Q

Weight placed low in the boat to give it stability

A

Ballast

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17
Q

A slat inserted in the leech of a sail to support the sailcloth

A

Batten

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18
Q

A pocket sewn into the sail to hold a batten

A

Batten Pocket

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19
Q

An aid to navigation that’s fixed in place

A

Beacon

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20
Q

The width of a boat at its widest point

A

Beam

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21
Q

The region of the boat’s sides halfway between bow and stern

A

Beam

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22
Q

The point of sail where the wind is abeam of the boat

A

Beam reach

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23
Q

To turn the boat away from the wind, fall off

A

Bear away

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24
Q

To sail to windward close-hauled

A

Beat, beating

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25
Q

A knot used to tie a line to another line or to an object.

A

Bend

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26
Q

To attach, as a sail to a spar

A

Bend on

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27
Q

Hidden from the wind, as when one sail is _______ by another

A

Blanketed

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28
Q

A pulley

A

Block

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29
Q

A pole with a hook on one end useful for snagging a line or a ring

A

Boathook

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30
Q

A rope sewn into the edge of a sail, often used to attach it to the mast or boom.

A

Bolt rope

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31
Q

The seabed or bed under any body of water

A

Bottom

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32
Q

The spar that supports the foot of the mainsail

A

Boom

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33
Q

An item of running rigging, often a block and tackle, used to hold down the boom

A

Boom vang

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34
Q

The forward part of a boat

A

Bow

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35
Q

A knot that forms a loop in the end of a line

A

Bowline

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36
Q

A dock line tied between the bow of a boat and a dock

A

Bow line

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37
Q

The point of sail between a beam reach and a run

A

Broad reach

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38
Q

A floating object anchored to the bottom

A

Buoy

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39
Q

Sailing on a run with the wind on the same side as the mainsail

A

By the lee

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40
Q

A room in the interior of a boat

A

Cabin

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41
Q

A fitting with spring-loaded jaws used to secure a line

A

Cam cleat

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42
Q

A cylindrical buoy used as an aid to navigation

A

Can buoy

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43
Q

To turn over

A

Capsize

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44
Q

To undo completely a line that has been secured

A

Cast off

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45
Q

A boat with two hulls

A

Catamaran

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46
Q

A board that pivots down from the bottom of the boat to provide sideways resistance

A

Centerboard

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47
Q

Damage caused to a sail or a line by rubbing

A

Chafe

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48
Q

Material used to prevent chafe

A

Chafing gear

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49
Q

Metal fabrication attached to the hull and to which a stay or shroud is connected

A

Chainplate

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50
Q

A narrow passage; a deeper-water route often marked with aids to navigation

A

Channel

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51
Q

A nautical map

A

Chart

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52
Q

A fixed fairlead through which dock lines are led

A

Chock

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53
Q

A fitting used to secure a line under load

A

Cleat

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54
Q

The aft lower corner of a sail

A

Clew

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55
Q

The point of sail where a boat sails as close to the wind as possible

A

Close-hauled

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56
Q

The point of sail between close-hauled and a beam reach

A

Close reach

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57
Q

The area of the boat, usually recessed into the deck, from which the boat is steered and sailed

A

Cockpit

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58
Q

To make up a line into tidy loops

A

Coil

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59
Q

A line that has been coiled

A

Coil

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60
Q

To tack

A

Come about

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61
Q

The entrance from the cockpit or deck to the cabin

A

Companionway

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62
Q

The direction in which a boat is being steered

A

Course

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63
Q

An eye formed by sewing a rope or metal ring into, e.g., a sail

A

Cringle

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64
Q

A line used to tension the luff of a sail

A

Cunningham

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65
Q

A board that lowers vertically down from the bottom of the boat to provide sideways resistance

A

Daggerboard

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66
Q

The generally horizontal surface that encloses the top of the hull

A

Deck

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67
Q

A small boat

A

Dinghy

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68
Q

A place where a vessel is berthed, but generally used to refer to the pier, quay, or pontoon to which it’s tied when in that berth

A

Dock

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69
Q

To bring a boat to its dock

A

Dock

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70
Q

A line used to tie a boat, in its dock

A

Dock line

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71
Q

The process of bringing a boat into its dock

A

Docking

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72
Q

A line used to tension the luff of a sail by pulling down the boom at the gooseneck

A

Downhaul

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73
Q

In the direction toward which the wind is blowing

A

Downwind

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74
Q

The depth of a boat below the water

A

Draft

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75
Q

The curvature of a sail

A

Draft

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76
Q

To let out a line that has load on it

A

Ease

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77
Q

Directly to windward

A

Eye of the wind

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78
Q

Smooth, unobstructed

A

Fair

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79
Q

A fitting used to lead a line fair and at the correct angle to a winch, cleat, or other fitting.

A

Fairlead

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80
Q

To lay out a line in parallel lengths so it can run freely

A

Fake, flake

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81
Q

To turn away from the wind, bear away

A

Fall off

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82
Q

A cushion, usually an inflated cylinder of rubber or similar material, placed between a boat and a dock

A

Fender

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83
Q

A piece of hardware that is fixed to the boat or its spars

A

Fitting

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84
Q

To lay in even loose folds, as a sail

A

Flake

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85
Q

The bottom edge of a sail

A

Foot

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86
Q

The direction parallel with the centerline of a boat

A

Fore-and-aft

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87
Q

The forward part of the deck, usually forward of the forwardmost mast

A

Foredeck

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88
Q

A sail set forward of the mainsail, often a jib or a headsail

A

Foresail

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89
Q

A stay that supports the mast from forward

A

Forestay

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90
Q

Toward the bow

A

Forward

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91
Q

Tangled, snagged

A

Fouled

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92
Q

The height of the hull above the waterline

A

Freeboard

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93
Q

About a sail, when it is not flapping or luffing

A

Full

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94
Q

To stow a sail on a spar or a stay

A

Furl

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95
Q

General term for equipment aboard a sailboat

A

Gear

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96
Q

A large jib that extends aft of the mast

A

Genoa

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97
Q

Under the Navigation Rules, the vessel that is obliged to adjust its course or speed to avoid collision with another vessel

A

Give-way vessel

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98
Q

To be moving backward

A

Going astern

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99
Q

An articulated fitting that connects a boom to a mast

A

Gooseneck

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100
Q

A metal ring set into a sail

A

Grommet

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101
Q

Collective term for a boat’s anchors and their rodes

A

Ground tackle

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102
Q

The top edge of the deck where it joins the hull

A

Gunwale

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103
Q

An increase in wind speed that lasts just a short while

A

Gust

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104
Q

A line used to raise and lower a sail

A

Halyard

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105
Q

A metal clip or fabric tab used to attach a sail’s luff to a stay

A

Hank

106
Q

The announcement by the helmsman that he is about to tack the boat.

A

“Hard a-lee!”

107
Q

A covered opening in the deck

A

Hatch

108
Q

The top of a sail

A

Head

109
Q

A boat’s position when its bow is pointing directly into the wind

A

Head to wind

110
Q

A reinforcement at the head of a sail

A

Headboard

111
Q

To steer away from the wind, bear away, fall off

A

Head down

112
Q

A metal or plastic cover that fits over a forestay to accept the luff tape of a jib when it’s hoisted

A

Headfoil

113
Q

Any sail set forward of the forwardmost mast; a jib

A

Headsail

114
Q

The stay between the top of the mast and the bow

A

Headstay

115
Q

To steer more toward the wind

A

Head up

116
Q

Motion forward

A

Headway

117
Q

To hold a boat almost stationary by setting the sails and rudder in opposition

A

Heave-to

118
Q

Of a boat - to lean sideways under the pressure of the wind on the sails

A

Heel

119
Q

The tiller or wheel with which the boat is steered

A

Helm

120
Q

The person at the helm steering the boat

A

Helmsman

121
Q

An extension to the tiller that allows the helmsman more freedom of movement.

A

Hiking stick

122
Q

A type of knot, used to attach a line to an object or to another line.

A

Hitch

123
Q

To haul aloft

A

Hoist

124
Q

The watertight structural shell of a boat

A

Hull

125
Q

Toward the centerline of the boat; inside the hull

A

Inboard

126
Q

Of a boat that’s head to wind, having lost all headway

A

In irons

127
Q

A device that holds a line by an internal mechanism, rope clutch.

A

Jammer

128
Q

A triangular sail set forward of the mainmast

A

Jib

129
Q

To turn the boat so that its stern passes through the wind

A

Jibe

130
Q

Announcement by the helmsman that he is about to steer the boat into a jibe; also a warning that an accidental jibe is imminent.

A

“Jibe-Ho!”

131
Q

A line attached to the clew of a jib used to adjust its angle to the wind

A

Jibsheet

132
Q

When hoisting a sail, to haul on the halyard at the mast

A

Jump

133
Q

The main structural member along the bottom of a boat’s hull; on a sailboat often an appended fin-shaped structure that contains ballast

A

Keel

134
Q

A sailboat that has a keel and ballast, usually combined

A

Keelboat

135
Q

A fastening made by entwining a rope, line, or cord with itself or with other ropes, lines, or cords

A

Knot

136
Q

Unit of speed: one nautical mile (6,076 feet) per hour

A

Knot

137
Q

Of a rope’s strands, the direction they are twisted, as in right-hand or left-hand.

A

Lay

138
Q

Of, for example, a jibsheet, the windward one that’s not under load

A

Lazy

139
Q

The after (back) edge of a sail

A

Leech

140
Q

Sheltered area to leeward of something (boat, building, island) that’s protected from the wind

A

Lee

141
Q

The tendency of a sailboat when sailing to turn downwind

A

Lee helm

142
Q

The side away from the wind, or downwind side

A

Lee side

143
Q

The direction, or side of the boat, away from the wind

A

Leeward

144
Q

A wire supported on stanchions around the perimeter of the deck to prevent crew from falling overboard

A

Lifeline

145
Q

A length of rope that has a specific purpose on board

A

Line

146
Q

A storage compartment

A

Locker

147
Q

Of a mainsail, for example, that is attached to its boom at its tack and clew but not along its foot.

A

Loose footed

148
Q

The forward edge of a sail

A

Luff

149
Q

The fluttering of a sail when the boat is too close to the wind for the sail’s trim

A

Luff

150
Q

To head up so the sails ____

A

Luff

151
Q

Tape with an integral bolt rope that is sewn to the luff of a sail.

A

Luff tape

152
Q

The boom that supports the mainsail

A

Main boom

153
Q

The principal mast on a sailboat

A

Mainmast

154
Q

The sail attached to the aft side of the mainmast

A

Mainsail

155
Q

The line used to control the main boom and thus also to trim the mainsail

A

Mainsheet

156
Q

To secure, as when tying a line to a cleat

A

Make fast

157
Q

General term for an aid to navigation

A

Mark

158
Q

A fixed vertical spar that holds up a sail or sails

A

Mast

159
Q

To tie up (a boat)

A

Moor

160
Q

A permanently set anchor

A

Mooring

161
Q

A buoy attached to a mooring and to which a boat can be moored

A

Mooring buoy

162
Q

A boat with more than one hull

A

Multihull

163
Q

To conduct a vessel’s passage on a body of water

A

Navigate

164
Q

The act of navigating

A

Navigation

165
Q

A map used for the purpose of navigation.

A

Navigation chart

166
Q

A light required to be displayed on a vessel in darkness and poor visibility

A

Navigation light

167
Q

Laws established to prevent collisions on the water

A

Navigation Rules

168
Q

The zone in relation to the wind where the sails cannot generate power

A

No-sail zone

169
Q

A buoy with a cone-shaped top used as an aid to navigation

A

Nun buoy

170
Q

Any point of sail where the wind is abaft the beam

A

Off the wind

171
Q

Any point of sail where the wind is forward of the beam

A

On the wind

172
Q

Away from the centerline of a boat; outside the gunwale

A

Outboard

173
Q

A portable motor that attaches (usually) to the stern of a boat

A

Outboard

174
Q

A line used to tension the foot of the mainsail

A

Outhaul

175
Q

A structure built over the water on pilings

A

Pier

176
Q

To sail too close to the wind, so that the sails luff

A

Pinch

177
Q

A moored floating structure to which a boat can be tied

A

Pontoon

178
Q

The direction a boat is sailing relative to the wind

A

Point of sail

179
Q

A harbor

A

Port

180
Q

The left-hand side of a boat when facing forward

A

Port

181
Q

Any course where the wind is blowing on the port side of the boat

A

Port tack

182
Q

An increase of wind strength of short duration, usually with less strength than a gust

A

Puff

183
Q

A guardrail at the bow or stern of a boat to which (usually) the lifelines are connected

A

Pulpit

184
Q

The sides of a boat between the beam and the stern

A

Quarter

185
Q

A solid structure to which vessels tie up to load and unload

A

Quay

186
Q

Any point of sail between close-hauled and a run

A

Reach

187
Q

The command used to signal the crew to prepare to tack.

A

“Ready about!”

188
Q

An area of rock or coral, usually submerged, that presents a hazard to navigation

A

Reef

189
Q

To reduce the area of a sail that is exposed to the wind

A

Reef

190
Q

To attach, as a sail

A

Rig

191
Q

The total assembly of sails, spars, and rigging aboard a sailboat

A

Rig

192
Q

Wires and lines used to support spars and to control sails

A

Rigging

193
Q

The line and/or chain that connects an anchor to the boat

A

Rode

194
Q

A mechanism for furling a sail by rolling it around its stay

A

Roller furling

195
Q

To a sailor, raw material for making up lines

A

Rope

196
Q

Of a boat, to spontaneously turn head to wind.

A

Round up

197
Q

The movable appendage attached to a boat under the water and with which it can be steered.

A

Rudder

198
Q

The point of sail on which the wind is aft.

A

Run

199
Q

The adjustable rigging used to raise and lower or trim the sails

A

Running rigging

200
Q

Length of webbing used to secure sails

A

Sail tie

201
Q

A Sailboat that is essentially a surfboard with a sail.

A

Sailboard

202
Q

Material from which sails are made

A

Sailcloth

203
Q

Sailing on a run with the wind on the same side of the boat as the mainsail

A

Sailing by the lee

204
Q

The ratio of the length of anchor rode deployed to the vertical distance from the boat’s bow to the bottom

A

Scope

205
Q

To make fast (as a line)

A

Secure

206
Q

To make safe

A

Secure

207
Q

A device on a winch that enables it to grasp and gather the tail of a line as it is wound in on the Winch

A

Self-tailer

208
Q

A closable metal connector used in rigging

A

Shackle

209
Q

A tool for tightening and loosening a shackle

A

Shackle key

210
Q

A line used to control the alignment of a sail relative to the boat and the wind

A

Sheet

211
Q

A wire that provides athwartships support to the mast

A

Shroud

212
Q

A navigation light that shines on one side of the boat in an arc that extends from the bow to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam

A

Sidelight

213
Q

A berth where a boat docks between piers, pontoons, or pilings

A

Slip

214
Q

A sailboat with one mast, a mainsail, and one headsail

A

Sloop

215
Q

To hold a line under tension by wrapping it around a cleat or a winch

A

Snub

216
Q

A pole used to support a sail, e.g. mast, boom

A

Spar

217
Q

A large, lightweight, rounded sail used when sailing downwind

A

Spinnaker

218
Q

An athwartships strut on a mast that holds a shroud away from the mast

A

Spreader

219
Q

A metal post that supports lifelines

A

Stanchion

220
Q

Rigging, e.g. shrouds and stays, that supports spars and that remains in place when a boat is not sailing

A

Standing rigging

221
Q

In a situation when two vessels converge, the vessel that must maintain its course and speed

A

Stand-on vessel

222
Q

The right-hand side of a boat when looking forward

A

Starboard

223
Q

Any course where the wind is blowing on the starboard side of the boat

A

Starboard tack

224
Q

A piece of standing rigging that supports a mast in the fore-and-aft direction

A

Stay

225
Q

A navigation light that shines on both sides of the boat in an arc from the bow to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam; used on a sailing vessel that is under power

A

Steaming light

226
Q

The aft part of the boat

A

Stern

227
Q

A navigation light that shines on both sides of the boat in an arc from the stern to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam

A

Stern light

228
Q

To put away in a seamanlike manner

A

Stow

229
Q

Part of a self-tailer

A

Stripping arm

230
Q

To ease a loaded line while snubbing it to keep it under control

A

Surge

231
Q

The forward lower corner of a sail

A

Tack

232
Q

To change course by turning the bow of the boat through the wind

A

Tack

233
Q

A course designation according to the side of the boat onto which the wind is blowing (port or starboard)

A

Tack

234
Q

A line reeved through a series of blocks to gain mechanical advantage

A

Tackle

235
Q

The end of a working line (e.g. halyard, sheet) after the winch or snubber that is taking the load

A

Tail

236
Q

To pull on the tail of a line

A

Tail

237
Q

A bag in which line tails are stowed to keep them tidy

A

Tail bag

238
Q

A short length of light yarn or similar material attached to a sail to indicate the flow of air across it and thus the state of the sail’s trim

A

Telltale

239
Q

The movement of a body of water caused by the gravitational effects of the moon and sun

A

Tide

240
Q

A lever used to control the angle of the rudder and thereby steer the boat

A

Tiller

241
Q

A line or wire that supports a boom when it is not being supported by its sail

A

Topping lift

242
Q

The more or less flat surface that closes the hull at the stern

A

Transom

243
Q

A car-and-track system that allows the mainsheet’s attachment point to the deck to be moved athwartships

A

Traveler

244
Q

To adjust a sail by hauling in on the sheet

A

Trim

245
Q

The position a sail is set relative to the wind

A

Trim

246
Q

A vessel with three hulls

A

Trimaran

247
Q

The wind as observed at a stationary point

A

True wind

248
Q

In the direction from which the wind is blowing

A

Upwind

249
Q

A piece of running rigging used to restrain a spar

A

Vang e.g. boom vang

250
Q

Used as an all-inclusive term in the Navigation Rules to describe any ship or boat or craft capable of being navigated

A

Vessel

251
Q

The line around the interface between the hull and the surface of the water

A

Waterline

252
Q

The side of a boat from which the wind is blowing; windward side.

A

Weather side

253
Q

The tendency of a boat when sailing to head up into the wind

A

Weather helm

254
Q

A device consisting of a gear-driven drum that is operated with a handle to provide mechanical advantage when hauling on a line; also used to snub a line

A

Winch

255
Q

The resistance a boat’s hull, rig, and superstructure present to the wind

A

Windage

256
Q

Toward the wind

A

Windward

257
Q

The side upon which the wind is blowing

A

Windward side

258
Q

Sailing on a run with the jib and mainsail set on opposite sides of the boat

A

Wing on wing

259
Q

Sailing wing on wing

A

Winging the jib

260
Q

Of a sheet, the one that is currently being used to trim the sail

A

Working

261
Q

A gentle breeze, perfect for a quiet evening sail

A

Zephyr

ASA 101 RAV (6 decks)

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