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Intro to Ancient Egypt > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

mastba

A

a flat-topped, rectangular tomb with sloping sides

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2
Q

palace facade

A

a design element resembling the facade of a palace, found in tombs and temples

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3
Q

uraeus

A

a stylized representation of a cobra used as a symbol of royalty and deity

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4
Q

sed festival

A

a celebration held after a pharaoh had ruled for 30 years, symbolizing renewal and the ruler’s continued strength

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5
Q

boundary ceremony

A

rituals conducted to mark and protect the boundaries of sacred or significant sites

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6
Q

ka

A

the spiritual essence or life force of an individual, often depicted as a twin to the physical body

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7
Q

nemes headdress

A

a striped headcloth worn by pharaohs, often adorned with the royal cobra (uraeus) and a false beard

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8
Q

relieving chamber

A

a chamber built above burial chambers in pyramids to distribute the weight of the structure and relieve stress on the lower chambers

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9
Q

pyramid texts

A

religious texts inscribed on the walls of pyramids, containing spells and rituals to guide the deceased pharaoh’s journey to the after life

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10
Q

sema tawy

A

symbol representing the unification of upper and lower egypt, often depicted as a plant with intertwined stems

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11
Q

palette

A

flat, often decorative, stone or wooden slabs used for grinding and mixing pigments, with some serving ceremonial or symbolic purposes

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12
Q

mace head

A

heavy, often decorated, rounded end of a mace, a weapon/ceremonial object, signifying power and authority

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13
Q

mummiform

A

resembling or shaped like a mummy, particularly in art/depictions of the deceased

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14
Q

shabti

A

small figurines placed in tombs to serve the deceased in the afterlife by performing tasks or labor on their behalf

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15
Q

was scepter

A

a symbol of power and dominion, featuring a straight staff with an animal head at the top, often associated with deities and pharaohs

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16
Q

corbel vault

A

a construction where stones gradually project inward to form a vaulted ceiling

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17
Q

cavetto cornice

A

a molding with a concave curve, often used as a decorative element

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18
Q

ankh

A

a symbol resembling a cross with a loop at the top, representing life and immortality

19
Q

white/red crowns

A

symbolic crowns representing upper (white) and lower (red) egypt, often worn by pharaohs to signify their rule over the unifed kingdom

20
Q

pylon

A

massive monumental gateways marking the entrance of temples

21
Q

barque

A

a boat or ship used in religious processions and ceremonies, often associated with deities and their temples

22
Q

wedjat eyes

A

symbolic eyes, often depicted together, representing the protective and healing powers of the goddess hathor

23
Q

mater of animals motif

A

theme depicting a central figure often a deity or ruler, shown in control or harmony with various animals, emphasizing dominion over nature

24
Q

smiting scene

A

representation of a powerful figure, a pharaoh or deity, striking down enemies, symbolizing triumph over adversaries

25
Q

serekh/horus name

A

an early form of a pharaoh’s name, often enclosed in a rectangular shape called a serekh, accompanied by the horus falcon symbol; represents the ruler’s association with the god horus and their kingship

26
Q

amduat

A

funerary text, also known as the “book of the hidden chamber,” describing the journey of the sun god Ra through the underworld during the nighttime hours

27
Q

house of million of years

A

a phrase associated with temples and tombs, expressing the wish for the eternal preservation and well-being of the deceased

28
Q

window of apperances

A

an architectural feature in temples, often high up on a wall, through which the sunlight would illuminate specific images or statues of deities during certain times of the day

29
Q

papyrus umbel

A

the flower cluster or bloom of the papyrus plant, represents lower egypt

30
Q

obelisk

A

a tall, slender, four-sided stone pillar with a pointed top, often erected as a monument or symbol of a pharaoh’s power.

31
Q

barque shrine

A

a portable shrine in the shape of a boat used to house the sacred barque (boat) of a deity during religious processions

32
Q

blue crown

A

a crown worn by pharaohs, associated with war and victory, featuring a blue color and a conical shape

33
Q

composite crown

A

a combination of the white (upper) and red (lower) crowns, symbolizing the unification of the 2 regions under a single ruler

34
Q

hypostyle hall

A

a large hall in temples characterized by rows of columns supporting a roof, creating a forest-like effect and providing a space for religious ceremonies and gatherings

35
Q

colossi of memnon

A

gigantic stone statues of pharaoh amenhotep III near the valley of the kings

36
Q

canopic gods

A

four deities - imsety, hapy, duamuted, and qebehsenuef - associated with protecting and preserving the organs of the deceased in canopic jars during mummification

37
Q

ma’at

A

concept of truth, balance, and order, often personified as a goddess, played a crucial role in the judgement of the deceased’s soul

38
Q

in-situ

A

“in place” - artifacts or structures remaining in their original location without being moved or disturbed

39
Q

pi-ramesse

A

a city built by pharaoh ramesses II, serving as his capital during part of the new kingdom period

40
Q

horn of qurna

A

a limestone ridge on the west bank of the nile near luxor, egypt, known for its tombs and rock-cut structures

41
Q

opet festival

A

an annual religious celebration, focused on the rejuvenation of the god Amun and the renewal of the pharaoh’s divine power

42
Q

the beautiful feast of the valley

A

a festival honoring deceased ancestors, involving rituals, processions, and offerings at the tombs in the valley of the kings

43
Q

clerestory window

A

a element in temples, consisting of high windows or openings near the top of walls to allow natural light into the interior spaces

44
Q
A

Intro to Ancient Egypt (3 decks)

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