Vocabulary

Question 1

The organization of lines, shapes, colors, and other art elements in a work of art.
More often applied to two-dimensional art; the broader term is design.

Answer 1

Composition

Question 2

The perceived edges of a three-dimensional form such as the human body. Contour
lines are lines used to indicate these perceived edges in two-dimensional art.

Answer 2

Contour

Question 3

A two-dimensional area having identifiable boundaries, created by lines, color or value
changes, or some combination of these.

Answer 3

Shape

Question 4

Three-dimensional form, often implying bulk, density, and weight.

Answer 4

Mass

Question 5

The relative lightness or darkness of a hue, or of a neutral varying from white to black.

Answer 5

Value

Question 6

Italian for “light-dark.” In two-dimensional, representational art, the technique of
using values to record light and shadow, especially as they provide information about three-
dimensional form.

Answer 6

Chiaroscuro

Question 7

Closely spaced parallel lines that mix optically to suggest values. Hatching is a linear
technique for modeling forms according to the principles of chiaroscuro. To achieve darker
values, layers of hatching may be superimposed, with each new layer set at an angle to the one(s)
beneath. This technique is called cross-hatching.

Answer 7

Hatching

Question 8

A pattern of closely spaced dots or small marks used to create a sense of three-
dimensionality on a flat surface, especially in drawing and printmaking.

Answer 8

Stippling

Question 9

A circular arrangement of hues used to illustrate a particular color theory or
system. The most well-known color wheel uses the spectral hues of the rainbow plus the
intermediary hue of red-violet.

Answer 9

Color wheel

Question 10

A hue that, in theory, cannot be created by a mixture of other hues. Varying
combinations of the primary hues can be used to create all the other hues of the spectrum. In
pigment, the primaries are red, yellow, and blue

Answer 10

Primary Colors

Question 11

A hue created by combining two primary colors, as yellow and blue mixed
together yield green. In pigment, the secondary colors are orange, green, and violet

Answer 11

Secondary Colors

Question 12

Colors made by mixing a primary color with a
secondary color adjacent to it on the color wheel (for example, yellow and orange).

Answer 12

Tertiary colors (Intermediate colors)

Question 13

Colors ranged along the orange curve of the color wheel, from red through
yellow.

Answer 13

Warm colors

Question 14

Colors ranged along the blue curve of the color wheel, from green through violet.

Answer 14

Cool colors

Question 15

1. A surface used for mixing paints. 2. The range of colors used by an artist or a group
   of artists, either generally or in a specific work. An open palette is one in which all colors are
   permitted. A restricted palette is limited to a few colors and their mixtures, tints, and shades.

Answer 15

Palette

Question 16

Having only one color. Descriptive of work in which one hue—perhaps with
variations of value and intensity— predominates

Answer 16

Monochromatic

Question 17

Hues that intensify each other when juxtaposed and dull each other when
mixed (as pigment). On a color wheel, complementary hues are situated directly opposite each
other.

Answer 17

Complementary

Question 18

The juxtaposition of hues that contain the same color in differing proportions, such
as red-violet, pink, and yellow-orange, all of which contain red.

Answer 18

Analogous

Question 19

A color scheme based in three hues equidistant from one another on the color wheel,
such as yellow-orange, blue-green, and red-violet.

Answer 19

Triadic

Question 20

A system for portraying the visual impression of three-dimensional space and
objects in it on a two-dimensional surface.

Answer 20

Perspective

Question 21

is based on the observation that parallel lines appear to converge as they
recede from the viewer, finally meeting at a vanishing point on the horizon. Linear perspective
relies on a fixed viewpoint.

Answer 21

Linear Perspective

Question 22

is based on the observation that distant objects appear less distinct,
paler, and bluer than nearby objects because of the way moisture in the intervening atmosphere
scatters light.

Answer 22

Atmospheric Perspective

Question 23

uses diagonal lines to convey recession, but parallel lines do not
converge. It is principally used in Asian art, which is not based in a fixed viewpoint.

Answer 23

Isometric Perspective

Question 24

The visual phenomenon whereby an elongated object projecting toward or
away from a viewer appears shorter than its actual length, as though compressed. In two-
dimensional representational art, the portrayal of this effect.

Answer 24

Foreshortening

Question 25

A quasi-scientific painting technique of the late 19th century, developed and
promulgated by Georges Seurat and his followers, in which pure colors were applied in regular,
small touches (points) that blended through optical color mixture when viewed at a certain
distance.

Answer 25

Pointillism