Lifespan Chapter 6 Flashcards
In serve and return, who serves and who returns?
The baby serves and the parent returns through a form of communication.
Child Goals- Erickson Psychosocial Crisis 3-6 years
Develop purposefulness, confidence, a conscience
Parent Goals- Erickson
Teach safety and morality without excessive guilt.
Allow freedom to explore, play and initiate plans.
Parent learns to- Erickson
Show confidence in their child
They model thinking and social skills.
Developmental snapshot. for 3-6 years
Emotional, Physically, Language, Thinking, and Socially.
Emotion: Enthusiastic
Physically: Energetic
Language: Conversational
Thinking: Curious, likes exploring, planning
Socially: Plays collaboratively in small groups
When parents behave in ways that are emotional dismissive
They deny, ignore or dismiss their child’s emotions
Emotional Coping strategies for parents
Address the current situation
Work towards long-term goals later
Be patient and calm
Lower your expectations
Parents role with emotions
Help children cope in the moment & to not dictate their feelings
Through play children learn…
-Appropriate behavior for the situation
-To take time for themselves when tired or overwhelmed
-Empathy for others
-Collaborative play
-Knowing how to handle losses
-Knowing how to handle other people’s mistakes
What are different types of play
Practice
Pretense/symbolic
Social
Constructive
Games
Practice play
Repetition of new skills
Pretense/Symbolic play
Transform physical enviorment
Social play
Interaction with peers
Constructive play
Combines practice play with symbolic representation
Games
Fun activities with rules for turn taking, winning, losing
Play therapy allows child to…
-Work off frustrations
-Recreate conflicts and try out coping strategies
-Express self non-verbally and verbally
What developmental skills are needed for perspective talking? Hint* there are 7 skills
-Basic understanding of emotions in early childhood
-Eye contact
-Directed attention to facial expression
-Self-regulation
-Impulse control (patience)
-Social sensitivity and understanding other’s view points
-Understand that people aren’t always truthful (occurs about 6-7 years old)
What is the theory called for developmental skills for perspective talking?
Theory of Mind
How does perspective taking skills help children to build friendships? Hint* there are 5 reasons
-Initiate plans to form joint commitments
-Empathy for other peoples’ emotions & desires
-Perceive that people view situations differently
-Understanding untruthfulness & stranger danger
-Ability to identify physical & psychological traits in others
Perspective taking
The social cognitive process involved in reading the perspective of others and understanding their thoughts and feelings.
Al Bandura’s Social Cognitive Learning Theory
Children develop a conscience based on observation, modeling, and reinforcement
What is a good example of Al Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory?
Parents are the first role models
Children identify with their parents
Children adopt their parents’ perspective and morals
What might Al Bandura say about the Social Cognitive Theory?
Children’s thoughts and behavior change with experience
Al Bandura’s Reciprocal Process Theory
Shows how a child learns from his family and the environment to act in a socially acceptable way.
The Reciprocal Process Theory can be used to explain…
Development of gender and social roles
Status inequality
Attitude change over time
Gender Identity
The sense of being male or female, most children acquire at 3 years old
Gender Role
A set of expectations that prescribes how females and males should think, act, and feel.
Gender Typing
Acquisition of a traditional masculine and feminine role.
What are 2 biological influences
Chromosomes and Hormones
Chromosomes
23rd pair of chromosomes that contains gene sequences for male XY and female XX
Hormones
Androgens (Males) and estrogens (Females) begin too influence social emotional levels at 7-9 weeks gestational age
Diana Baumrind made what ?
The Four Parenting Styles
Authoritarian, Authoritative, Neglectful, and Permissive.
Authoritarian
Restricted freedom
Authoritative
Independence with limits
In the parent style Authoritarian, children must…
Follow directions
Respect parents work and effort
Talk less
In the parent style Authoritative, encourages the child to…
Think and act on their own with limits and controls
Respect others ideas
Extensive verbal give and take are allowed
Associated with more social competence
This style is more beneficial
Neglectful
Low responsive
Uninvolved in child’s life
Associated with lack of self control
Associated with social incompetence
Inconsistent
Permissive (Indulgent)
Highly involved with a few controls
Associated with lack of self control
Associated with social incompetence
Inconsistent
Parents provide a home base for?
Attachment and Security
Corporal punishment is doing what?
Hitting a child
Corporal Punishment is linked to…
Lower levels of moral internalization
Imitation of aggressive behavior
Fear or avoidance of parents
High continuing levels of stress hormones (cortisol) impacting brain development and mental health.
Parents might cause permanent brain damage by shaking child or striking their head.
Developmental consequences of abuse in childhood adolescence
Poor emotion regulation
Problems in attachment and peer relations
Difficulty in adapting to school
Psychological problems such as delinquency and depression.
Child maltreatment is the umbrella term for
Physical abuse, Child neglect, Sexual abuse,Emotional abuse.
Physical abuse is…
Corporal Punishment
Child neglect is…
not feeding or caring for child, leaves unattended
Sexual Abuse
Inappropriate body contact, photos, and etc.
Emotional Abuse
Degrade child verbally, withholds love
