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Ch. 16 Fluid And Chemical Balance > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Active transport

A

Process of chemical distribution that requires an energy source

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2
Q

Air embolism

A

Bubble of air in the vascular system

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3
Q

Anions

A

Electrolytes with a negative charge

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4
Q

Blood Substitute

A

Fluids that when transfused carry and distribute oxygen to cells, tissues, and organs; also known as oxygen therapeutics.

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5
Q

Cations

A

Electrolytes with a positive charge

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6
Q

Circulatory overload

A

Severely compromised heart function

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7
Q

Colloid solutions

A

Water and molecules of suspended substances, such as blood cells, and blood products such as albumin

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8
Q

Colloidal OsmoticPressure

A

Force for attracting water

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9
Q

Colloids

A

Undissolved protein substances

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10
Q

Crystalloid Solutions

A

Water and other uniformly dissolved crystals, such as salt and sugar

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11
Q

Dehydration

A

Fluid deficit in both extracellular and intracellular compartments

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12
Q

Drop factor

A

Number of drops per milliliter in intravenous tubing.

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13
Q

Edema

A

Excessive fluid in tissue

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14
Q

Electrochemical neutrality

A

Balance of cations with anions

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15
Q

Electrolytes

A

Chemical compounds, such as sodium and chloride, that are dissolved, absorbed, and distributed in body fluid and possess an electrical charge.

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16
Q

Emulsion

A

Mixture of two liquids, one of which is insoluble in the other

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17
Q

Extracellular Fluid

A

Fluid outside cells

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18
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A

Process in which certain dissolved substances require the assistance of a carrier molecule to pass from one side of a semipermeable membrane to the other

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19
Q

Filtration

A

Process that regulates the movement of water and substances from a compartment where the pressure is high to one where the pressure is lower

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20
Q

Fluid imbalance

A

Condition in which the body’s water is not in proper volume or location in the body

21
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

Pressure exerted against a membrane

22
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

Solution that is more concentration than body fluid

23
Q

Hypervolemia

A

Higher-than-normal volume of water in the intravascular fluid compartment

24
Q

Infiltration

A

Escape of intravenous fluid into the tissue

25
Q

Infusion device

A

Electric or battery-operated machine that regulates and monitors the administration of IV solutions.

26
Q

Infusion pump

A

Device that uses pressure to infuse solutions

27
Q

Intake and Output

A

Record of a clients fluid intake and fluid loss over a 24-hour period

28
Q

Intermittent venous access device

A

Sealed chamber that provides a means for administering intravenous medications or solutions on periodic basis

29
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

Fluid in tissue space between and around cells

30
Q

Intercellular fluid

A

Fluid inside cells

31
Q

Intravascular fluid

A

Watery plasma, or serum, portion of blood

32
Q

Intravenous fluids

A

solutions infused into clients vein.

33
Q

Ions

A

Substances that carry either a positive or a negative electrical charge.

34
Q

Isotonic solution

A

Solution that contains the same concentration of dissolved substances as normally found plasma

35
Q

Needleless systems

A

Equipment that eliminates the need for needles

36
Q

Nonelectrolytes

A

Chemical compounds that remain found together when dissolved in solution

37
Q

Osmosis

A

Process’s that regulates the distribution of water

38
Q

Oxygen therapeutics

A

Fluids that when transfused carry and distribution oxygen cells, tissues, and organs; also known as blood substitutes

39
Q

Parenteral nutrition

A

Nutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements, which are administered intravenously

40
Q

Passive diffusion

A

Physiologic process in which dissolved substances, such as electrolytes and gases, move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane

41
Q

Peripheral parenteral nutrition

A

Isotonic or hypotonic intravenous nutrient solution instilled in a vein distant from the heart.

42
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein

43
Q

Ports

A

Sealed opening

44
Q

Pulmonary embolus

A

Blood clot that travels to the lung

45
Q

Third-spacing

A

Movement of intravascular fluid to nonvascular fluid compartments, where it becomes trapped and useless

46
Q

Thrombus formation

A

Development of a stationary blood clot

47
Q

Total parenteral nutrition

A

Hypertonic solution of nutrients designated to meet almost all the caloric and nutritional needs of clients

48
Q

Vein puncture

A

Accessing the venous system by piercing a vein with a needle

49
Q

Volumetric controller

A

Electronic infusion device that instills intravenous solutions by gravity

Ch. 16 Fluid And Chemical Balance (5 decks)

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