Vocabulary

Question 1

Active transport

Answer 1

Process of chemical distribution that requires an energy source

Question 2

Air embolism

Answer 2

Bubble of air in the vascular system

Question 3

Anions

Answer 3

Electrolytes with a negative charge

Question 4

Blood Substitute

Answer 4

Fluids that when transfused carry and distribute oxygen to cells, tissues, and organs; also known as oxygen therapeutics.

Question 5

Cations

Answer 5

Electrolytes with a positive charge

Question 6

Circulatory overload

Answer 6

Severely compromised heart function

Question 7

Colloid solutions

Answer 7

Water and molecules of suspended substances, such as blood cells, and blood products such as albumin

Question 8

Colloidal OsmoticPressure

Answer 8

Force for attracting water

Question 9

Colloids

Answer 9

Undissolved protein substances

Question 10

Crystalloid Solutions

Answer 10

Water and other uniformly dissolved crystals, such as salt and sugar

Question 11

Dehydration

Answer 11

Fluid deficit in both extracellular and intracellular compartments

Question 12

Drop factor

Answer 12

Number of drops per milliliter in intravenous tubing.

Question 13

Edema

Answer 13

Excessive fluid in tissue

Question 14

Electrochemical neutrality

Answer 14

Balance of cations with anions

Question 15

Electrolytes

Answer 15

Chemical compounds, such as sodium and chloride, that are dissolved, absorbed, and distributed in body fluid and possess an electrical charge.

Question 16

Emulsion

Answer 16

Mixture of two liquids, one of which is insoluble in the other

Question 17

Extracellular Fluid

Answer 17

Fluid outside cells

Question 18

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 18

Process in which certain dissolved substances require the assistance of a carrier molecule to pass from one side of a semipermeable membrane to the other

Question 19

Filtration

Answer 19

Process that regulates the movement of water and substances from a compartment where the pressure is high to one where the pressure is lower

Question 20

Fluid imbalance

Answer 20

Condition in which the body’s water is not in proper volume or location in the body

Question 21

Hydrostatic pressure

Answer 21

Pressure exerted against a membrane

Question 22

Hypertonic solution

Answer 22

Solution that is more concentration than body fluid

Question 23

Hypervolemia

Answer 23

Higher-than-normal volume of water in the intravascular fluid compartment

Question 24

Infiltration

Answer 24

Escape of intravenous fluid into the tissue

Question 25

Infusion device

Answer 25

Electric or battery-operated machine that regulates and monitors the administration of IV solutions.

Question 26

Infusion pump

Answer 26

Device that uses pressure to infuse solutions

Question 27

Intake and Output

Answer 27

Record of a clients fluid intake and fluid loss over a 24-hour period

Question 28

Intermittent venous access device

Answer 28

Sealed chamber that provides a means for administering intravenous medications or solutions on periodic basis

Question 29

Interstitial fluid

Answer 29

Fluid in tissue space between and around cells

Question 30

Intercellular fluid

Answer 30

Fluid inside cells

Question 31

Intravascular fluid

Answer 31

Watery plasma, or serum, portion of blood

Question 32

Intravenous fluids

Answer 32

solutions infused into clients vein.

Question 33

Ions

Answer 33

Substances that carry either a positive or a negative electrical charge.

Question 34

Isotonic solution

Answer 34

Solution that contains the same concentration of dissolved substances as normally found plasma

Question 35

Needleless systems

Answer 35

Equipment that eliminates the need for needles

Question 36

Nonelectrolytes

Answer 36

Chemical compounds that remain found together when dissolved in solution

Question 37

Osmosis

Answer 37

Process’s that regulates the distribution of water

Question 38

Oxygen therapeutics

Answer 38

Fluids that when transfused carry and distribution oxygen cells, tissues, and organs; also known as blood substitutes

Question 39

Parenteral nutrition

Answer 39

Nutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements, which are administered intravenously

Question 40

Passive diffusion

Answer 40

Physiologic process in which dissolved substances, such as electrolytes and gases, move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane

Question 41

Peripheral parenteral nutrition

Answer 41

Isotonic or hypotonic intravenous nutrient solution instilled in a vein distant from the heart.

Question 42

Phlebitis

Answer 42

Inflammation of a vein

Question 43

Ports

Answer 43

Sealed opening

Question 44

Pulmonary embolus

Answer 44

Blood clot that travels to the lung

Question 45

Third-spacing

Answer 45

Movement of intravascular fluid to nonvascular fluid compartments, where it becomes trapped and useless

Question 46

Thrombus formation

Answer 46

Development of a stationary blood clot

Question 47

Total parenteral nutrition

Answer 47

Hypertonic solution of nutrients designated to meet almost all the caloric and nutritional needs of clients

Question 48

Vein puncture

Answer 48

Accessing the venous system by piercing a vein with a needle

Question 49

Volumetric controller

Answer 49

Electronic infusion device that instills intravenous solutions by gravity