Vocabulary

Question 1

Solid → Liquid

Answer 1

Melting

Question 2

Liquid → Solid

Answer 2

Freezing

Question 3

Liquid → Gas

Answer 3

Boiling/Evaporation

Question 4

Gas → Liquid

Answer 4

Condensation

Question 5

Solid → Gas

Answer 5

Sublimation

Question 6

Gas → Solid

Answer 6

Deposition

Question 7

Endothermic

Answer 7

Energy (heat) is taken into system/reaction (gets cold); going to higher energy state

Question 8

Exothermic

Answer 8

Energy (heat) leaves system (gets warm); Going for lower energy state

Question 9

Highest to Lowest Energy Levels of Matter States

Answer 9

1. Gas
2. Liquid
3. Solid

Question 10

Relationship between Evaporation and Surface Area

Answer 10

> Surface Area = > Evaporation

Question 11

Relationship between Evaporation and Temperature

Answer 11

> Temperature = > Evaporation

Question 12

Kinetic Energy

Answer 12

Energy obtained by movement

Question 13

Potential Energy

Answer 13

Energy stored in molecules due to position, composition, and arrangement of molecules.

Question 14

Vapor

Answer 14

Molecules that escape from evaporating liquid (in gas form)

Question 15

Physical Equilibrium

Answer 15

Two opposing physical processes (states of matter) occurring at same rate.

Question 16

Vapor Pressure

Answer 16

Pressure from Vapor above liquid when liquid and vapor are in physical equilibrium.

Question 17

Boiling

Answer 17

Evaporation of liquid to vapor state through bubbling formation.

Question 18

Boiling Point

Answer 18

Temperature of Vapor Pressure = Atmospheric Pressure on Liquid

Question 19

External (Atmospheric) Pressure of Liquid

Answer 19

Vapor Pressure increases when Temperature Increases

Question 20

Colligative Properties

Answer 20

Properties dependent on amount of solute dissolved.

Question 21

Intermolecular Force

Answer 21

Attractive force between two molecules (force holds molecules together)

Question 22

Intermolecular Force: Dipole-Dipole

Answer 22

Intermolecular Force between two polar molecules (one + end to one separate - end of an additional polar molecule)

Question 23

Intermolecular Force: Hydrogen Bonds

Answer 23

Dipole-Dipole interaction observed in hydrogen molecules.

Hydrogen atom covalently bonded with small electronegative atom and lone pair of an additional nearby electronegative atom.

Question 24

In a Hydrogen bond, what elements must hydrogen attach to covalently?

Answer 24

Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine

Question 25

For a successful Hydrogen Bond, what does a nearby molecule have to have?

Answer 25

A present nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atom that has one or more non-bonded electron pairs.

Question 26

London Forces

Answer 26

Weak, temporary intermolecular forces between two atoms or molecules. (Polar or Non-polar)

• Temporary, uneven electron distributions