Vocabulary Flashcards
What is EIS?
The system supports senior executives by providing important data in the form of graphs and charts to analyze and identify long-term trends
What is TPS?
(Transaction processing systems): This system tracks the flow of daily routine transactions that are necessary to conduct business, such as payroll or order processing. This is used by lower-level managers and front line employees.
What is MIS?
(Management Information Systems): This system provides first level managers with reports on current performance and historical records to help keep an organization running smoothly.
What is DSS?
(Decision support systems) : This system provides modeling and analytical tools that support middle to senior managers in all aspects of the decision-making process, when problems are unique, unstructured, and not easily specified in advance, to project potential future trends
What is ERP?
Enterprise Resource Planning: These systems tightly integrate functional areas, such as accounting, finance, project management, inventory control, purchasing, human resources, customer retention, sales, and marketing into one single, comprehensive system
What is CRM?
These systems entail all aspects of interaction that a company has with its customers, including contacts, clients, contract wins and sales leads, and more.
What is SCM?
Supply Chain Management: This system is one in which businesses are interconnected and working to create a product or service for the customer.
What is ENIAC?
considered the first electronic, digital computer and was called “Great Brain” by the press
What is UNIVAC?
was the first general purpose computer for commercial use
What is IDE?
(Integrated Development Environment): is a programming environment that provides tools to developers to write code.
What is COBOL?
stands for Common Business Oriented Language and was the first computer software language for business applications. Also was the first computer software language for business applications
What are Horizontal Applications?
are more popular and general purpose, such as word processing, spreadsheets, and presentation software.
What is UNIX?
Primarily used on servers but does not support the range of applications that most users need on a desktop.
What is Linux?
This is a free OS and a re-creation of UNIX, but more popular than UNIX for workstations. Millions of programmers participate in its development.
What is OS X?
Used on Apple computers and runs on a UNIX engine, but with an easy-to-use graphical interface.
What are Analytic applications?
Analytic applications are a type of application, not an operating system; they are used to measure and improve business performance
What is AppDynamics?
AppDynamics is an example of the evolution of application technology that includes application intelligence and analysis platforms, which allow companies to mine and monitor data in order to spot trends.
What is Data Mining?
is an analytic process in which large amounts of data are searched and analyzed in order to find trends or patterns.
What is Mashup?
is a software application that allows users to mix and match software components in order to create a customized application.
What is BPM?
(Business performance management): is business process management, a collection of analytics and processes that enable organizations to achieve goals and objectives.
What are the 5 MIS components?
hardware, software, database, network, and people
What are the 4 DSS components?
Data management, model management, knowledge management, and user interface management.
What are the 4 ESS components?
Hardware, software, user interface, and telecommunications.
What are the 3 primary components of GDSS
hardware (including networking and display equipment), software (including web-based conferencing applications), and the people who are collaborating in the decision-making process.
known as the father of modern computer science?
Alan Turning
known as the father of computer engineering?
Blaise Pascal
How many types of decision-making processes in decision support systems are there?
Structured, semi-structured, and unstructured
Unstructured decisions?
require the decision maker to provide the necessary insight, judgement, and evaluation to reach a decision. Individuals in senior management frequently make unstructured decisions.
Semi-structured decisions?
are used when only a portion of the problem can be solved via an established procedure. Middle managers more commonly make semi-structured decisions.
Structured decisions?
involve an established procedure, are repetitive and routine, and therefore can be handled in the same manner each time. Line-level managers and non-management employees typically make structured decisions.
Synchronous?
happens at the same time
Dyschronous?
Ill agreeing, or disagreeing, in time: opposed to synchronous
Pseudocode?
Pseudocode is an artificial and informal language that helps programmers develop algorithms.
Arbitrator?
an independent person or body officially appointed to settle a dispute
Waterfall Approach?
The waterfall methodology is a project management approach that emphasizes a linear progression from beginning to end of a project. This methodology, often used by engineers, is front-loaded to rely on careful planning, detailed documentation, and consecutive execution
Component based development?
Component based development is an approach to software development that focuses on the design and development of reusable components. You can break your monolith into components: Using a producer/consumer model. Reusable/shared libraries
Joint application design?
a process used to collect business requirements while developing new information systems for a company
Scrum?
a framework that helps teams work together. … Often thought of as an agile project management framework, scrum describes a set of meetings, tools, and roles that work in concert to help teams structure and manage their work
What are the six stages of SDLC?
requirement analysis, design, development and testing, implementation, documentation, and evaluation.
What is Visual Basic (VB)?
a third-generation programming environment from Microsoft. The system works by allowing a programmer to use a graphical user interface (GUI) in order to choose and modify sections of code that have been pre-selected from a basic programming language
Agile Development?
Agile is an operational method by which software developers iteratively gather requirements, plan, design, develop, test, and implement software
Define Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)?
can be defined as a self-configured and infrastructure-less wireless networks to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location or sink
Define Internet of Things (IoT)?
network of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.
Define Network Bridge?
A network bridge makes network access faster. A network bridge, also known as an Ethernet bridge, connects two segments of a network together. The segments are not independent entities, but are owned and managed by the same organization. The purpose of the bridge is to divide a network into manageable sections.
Define Network Repeater?
A Wi-Fi repeater, extender, or booster is a device that forwards wireless signals from the router to cover a larger area, such as multiple floors of a house. The repeater creates a new network based on signals from the originating network, and the clients that connect to the repeater are thus on a separate network.
Define Software-Defined Networking (SDN)?
is a network architecture approach that enables the network to be intelligently and centrally controlled, or ‘programmed,’ using software applications. … SDN enables consistent management of the network, which may be made up of complex technology parts.
Define Multiplexer?
is a system of multiple inputs and just one output to receive signals coming from multiple acquisition networks. The device transfers all input signals to a microprocessor, which receives and processes the data, transmits it to the output devices, and controls the system as a whole
Define Core Routers?
They provide security for the core. By comparison, core routers offer packet forwarding between other core and edge routers and manage traffic to prevent congestion and packet loss.
Define Next generation Firewall?
These include intrusion prevention, SSL and SSH inspection, deep-packet inspection, and reputation-based malware detection, as well as application awareness.
