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male and female reproductive system > vocabulary > Flashcards

vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments

A

adnexae uteri

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2
Q

amnion

A

Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

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3
Q

areola

A

Dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

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4
Q

Small, mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice; named for Caspar Bartholin, a Danish anatomist who described them in 1637

A

Bartholin glands

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5
Q

cervix

A

Lower, neck-like portion of the uterus

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6
Q

chorion

A

Outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo

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7
Q

Sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra

A

clitoris

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8
Q

coitus

A

Sexual intercourse; copulation

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9
Q

Empty ovarian follicle; secretes progesterone after release of egg cell; means “yellow body

A

corpus luteum

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10
Q

cul-de-sac

A

Region in lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus

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11
Q

embryo

A

Stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

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12
Q

endometrium

A

Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus

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13
Q

Hormone produced by the ovaries that promotes female secondary sex characteristics

A

estrogen

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14
Q

One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus; oviduct; named for Gabriello Fallopia, an Italian anatomist

A

fallopian tube

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15
Q

fertilization

A

Union of sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops

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16
Q

fetus

A

Stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39 or 40 weeks

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17
Q

Finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

A

fimbriae (sing.: fimbria)

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18
Q

Secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the ovum

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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19
Q

gamete

A

Male or female sexual reproductive cell; sperm cell or ovum

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20
Q

genitalia

A

Reproductive organs; also called genitals

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21
Q

gestation

A

Period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

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22
Q

Female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

A

gonad

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23
Q

gynecology

A

Study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts

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24
Q

Hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

A

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

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25
Q

Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

A

hymen

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26
Q

labia

A

Lips of the vagina

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27
Q

lactiferous ducts

A

Tubes that carry milk within the breast

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28
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

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29
Q

mammary papilla

A

Nipple of the breast

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30
Q

menarche

A

Beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce

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31
Q

menopause

A

Gradual ending of menstruation

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32
Q

menstruation

A

Monthly shedding of the uterine lining

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33
Q

myometrium

A

Muscle layer of the uterus

34
Q

Branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate)

A

neonatology

35
Q

The branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth

A

obstetrics

36
Q

orifice

A

An opening

37
Q

ovarian follicle

A

Developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary

38
Q

One of a pair of female organs on each side of the pelvis; almond-shaped; produced egg cells and hormones

A

ovary

39
Q

ovulation

A

Release of the ovum from the ovary

40
Q

ovum (pl.: ova)

A

Mature egg cell (female gamete)

41
Q

parturition

A

Act of giving birth

42
Q

perineum

A

Area between the anus and the vagina in females

43
Q

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain that produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries; also regulates other endocrine organs

A

pituitary gland

44
Q

Vascular organ attached to uterine wall during pregnancy; allows exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and fetus

A

placenta

45
Q

Condition of having a developing embryo and fetus in female uterus for about 40 weeks

A

pregnancy

46
Q

Hormone produced by corpus luteum in ovary and placenta of pregnant women

A

progesterone

47
Q

Point in life cycle at which sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced

A

puberty

48
Q

uterine serosa

A

Outermost layer surrounding the uterus

49
Q

Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which embryo and fetus develop, and from which menstruation occurs

A

uterus

50
Q

Muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body

A

vagina

51
Q

External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice

A

vulva

52
Q

The stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks

A

zygote

53
Q

Which term refers to the inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus?

A

Endometrium

54
Q

Which term means removal of the prostate?

A

Prostatectomy

55
Q

What does the PSA test for?

A

Levels of an antigen

56
Q

Surgical repair involves exciding a portion of the prepuce, wrapping it around a catheter, suturing it to the distal part of the urethra, bringing it to the end of the penis

A

Hypospadias

57
Q

Which term refers to the skin covering the tip of the penis?

A

Prepuce

58
Q

Male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and testosterone

A

testis (plural: testes)

59
Q

Hormone secreted by interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics

A

testosterone

60
Q

Narrow tube carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra; ductus deferens

A

vas deferens

61
Q

stromal tissue

A

Supportive, connective tissue or an organ; stroma

62
Q

Procedure that removes a person’s ability to produce or release reproductive cells through removal of testicles, vasectomy, or oophorectomy

A

sterilization

63
Q

spermatozoon (pl.: permatozoa)

A

Sperm cell

64
Q

Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes

A

seminiferous tubules

65
Q

Paired sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid into the vas deferens

A

seminal vesicles

66
Q

Spermatozoa and seminal fluid discharged from the urethra during ejaculation

A

semen

67
Q

scrotum

A

External sac that contains the testes

68
Q

Exocrine gland at base of male urinary bladder; secretes fluid part of semen into urethra during ejaculation

A

prostate gland

69
Q

Foreskin; fold of skin covering tip of penis

A

prepuce

70
Q

External region between the anus and scrotum in the male

A

perineum

71
Q

penis

A

Male external organ of reproduction

72
Q

parenchymal tissue

A

Essential distinctive cells of an organ

73
Q

Specialized cells adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes; produce testosterone; also called Leydig cells

A

interstitial cells of the testes

74
Q

Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos; conjoined (“Siamese”) twins are incompletely separated identical twins

A

identical twins

75
Q

Sensitive tip of the penis; comparable to the clitoris in the female

A

glans penis

76
Q

Two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells

A

fraternal twins

77
Q

Hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile

A

flagellum

78
Q

Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence

A

erectile dysfunction

79
Q

One of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis that stores and carries sperm to the vas deferens

A

epididymis (pl.: epididymides)

80
Q

Tube through which semen enters the male urethra

A

ejaculatory duct

81
Q

Ejection of sperm and fluid from male urethra

A

ejaculation

82
Q

Pair of exocrine glands near male urethra; Cowper glands

A

bulbourethral glands

male and female reproductive system (3 decks)

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