vocabulary Flashcards by Mercy Aganapo

Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments

adnexae uteri

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amnion

Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

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areola

Dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

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Small, mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice; named for Caspar Bartholin, a Danish anatomist who described them in 1637

Bartholin glands

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cervix

Lower, neck-like portion of the uterus

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chorion

Outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo

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Sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra

clitoris

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coitus

Sexual intercourse; copulation

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Empty ovarian follicle; secretes progesterone after release of egg cell; means “yellow body

corpus luteum

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cul-de-sac

Region in lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus

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embryo

Stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

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endometrium

Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus

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Hormone produced by the ovaries that promotes female secondary sex characteristics

estrogen

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One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus; oviduct; named for Gabriello Fallopia, an Italian anatomist

fallopian tube

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fertilization

Union of sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops

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fetus

Stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39 or 40 weeks

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Finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

fimbriae (sing.: fimbria)

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Secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the ovum

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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gamete

Male or female sexual reproductive cell; sperm cell or ovum

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genitalia

Reproductive organs; also called genitals

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gestation

Period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

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Female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

gonad

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gynecology

Study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts

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Hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

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Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

hymen

labia

Lips of the vagina

lactiferous ducts

Tubes that carry milk within the breast

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

mammary papilla

Nipple of the breast

menarche

Beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce

menopause

Gradual ending of menstruation

menstruation

Monthly shedding of the uterine lining

myometrium

Muscle layer of the uterus

Branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate)

neonatology

The branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth

obstetrics

orifice

An opening

ovarian follicle

Developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary

One of a pair of female organs on each side of the pelvis; almond-shaped; produced egg cells and hormones

ovary

ovulation

Release of the ovum from the ovary

ovum (pl.: ova)

Mature egg cell (female gamete)

parturition

Act of giving birth

perineum

Area between the anus and the vagina in females

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain that produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries; also regulates other endocrine organs

pituitary gland

Vascular organ attached to uterine wall during pregnancy; allows exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and fetus

placenta

Condition of having a developing embryo and fetus in female uterus for about 40 weeks

pregnancy

Hormone produced by corpus luteum in ovary and placenta of pregnant women

progesterone

Point in life cycle at which sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced

puberty

uterine serosa

Outermost layer surrounding the uterus

Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which embryo and fetus develop, and from which menstruation occurs

uterus

Muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body

vagina

External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice

vulva

The stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks

zygote

Which term refers to the inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus?

Endometrium

Which term means removal of the prostate?

Prostatectomy

What does the PSA test for?

Levels of an antigen

Surgical repair involves exciding a portion of the prepuce, wrapping it around a catheter, suturing it to the distal part of the urethra, bringing it to the end of the penis

Hypospadias

Which term refers to the skin covering the tip of the penis?

Prepuce

Male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and testosterone

testis (plural: testes)

Hormone secreted by interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics

testosterone

Narrow tube carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra; ductus deferens

vas deferens

stromal tissue

Supportive, connective tissue or an organ; stroma

Procedure that removes a person’s ability to produce or release reproductive cells through removal of testicles, vasectomy, or oophorectomy

sterilization

spermatozoon (pl.: permatozoa)

Sperm cell

Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes

seminiferous tubules

Paired sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid into the vas deferens

seminal vesicles

Spermatozoa and seminal fluid discharged from the urethra during ejaculation

semen

scrotum

External sac that contains the testes

Exocrine gland at base of male urinary bladder; secretes fluid part of semen into urethra during ejaculation

prostate gland

Foreskin; fold of skin covering tip of penis

prepuce

External region between the anus and scrotum in the male

perineum

penis

Male external organ of reproduction

parenchymal tissue

Essential distinctive cells of an organ

Specialized cells adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes; produce testosterone; also called Leydig cells

interstitial cells of the testes

Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos; conjoined (“Siamese”) twins are incompletely separated identical twins

identical twins

Sensitive tip of the penis; comparable to the clitoris in the female

glans penis

Two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells

fraternal twins

Hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile

flagellum

Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence

erectile dysfunction

One of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis that stores and carries sperm to the vas deferens

epididymis (pl.: epididymides)

Tube through which semen enters the male urethra

ejaculatory duct

Ejection of sperm and fluid from male urethra

ejaculation

Pair of exocrine glands near male urethra; Cowper glands

bulbourethral glands