reproductive system

Question 1

Sexual reproduction

Answer 1

is the union of the nuclei of ovum and sperm cell.

Question 2

Ovum and sperm cells are called

Answer 2

gametes.

Question 3

Each gamete contains

Answer 3

half the number of chromosomes of a normal body cell.

Question 4

Gametes

Answer 4

are produced in the gonads.

Question 5

Female gonads

Answer 5

are the ovaries; male gonads are the testes.

Question 6

Fertilization

Answer 6

An ovum leaves the ovaries and travels through the fallopian tube.

Question 7

Fertilization takes place

Answer 7

if sperm cells are present and unite with the ovum.

Question 8

The fertilized egg implants then

Answer 8

then divides to form a ball of cells, called a zygote (and later an embryo and then a fetus)

Question 9

The fertilized egg implants, then divides to form a ball of cells, called a(n):

Answer 9

zygote

Question 10

Day 1-5

Answer 10

Blood cells, endometrial cells, and glandular secretions discharge from the body.

Question 11

Day 6-12

Answer 11

Estrogen aids repair of endometrium. The ovum grows in the follicle.

Question 12

Day 13-14

Answer 12

The egg leaves the ovary and passes through the fallopian tube.

Question 13

Day 15-28

Answer 13

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone; the uterus lining builds up.

Question 14

Pregnancy

Answer 14

If fertilization occurs, the egg implants in the uterine endometrium.

The placenta forms, attaches to the uterine wall.

Amnion holds the fetus in an amniotic cavity.

Nutrients, oxygen, and wastes exchange between the fetus and mother.

The placenta produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Question 15

The corpus luteum secretes this monthly to build up the lining of the uterus.

Answer 15

hCG

Question 16

What does the placenta secrete during pregnancy?

Answer 16

Estrogen

Question 17

Pregnancy

Answer 17

Progesterone maintains placenta development
.The uterus expands as the fetus grows.
Normal delivery fetal position is cephalic presentation (head first).

Question 18

Three phases of labor

Answer 18

1. Dilation and thinning of the cervix
2. Birth of the infant
3. Delivery of the placenta

Question 19

The pituitary secretes:

Answer 19

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 20

The pituitary stops producing FSH and LH

Answer 20

During pregnancy

With oral contraceptives

Question 21

Menopause

Answer 21

Gradual ending of the menstrual cycle
Normally begins between ages 45 and 55
Falling estrogen levels
Option for estrogen replacement therapy (careful consideration of risks required)

Question 22

The male sex cell is called a

Answer 22

spermatozoon, or sperm cell.

Question 23

The sperm cell carries its nuclear hereditary material, or chromosomes,

Answer 23

in its head region.

Question 24

The tail consists of a

Answer 24

flagellum, which makes the sperm cell mobile.

Question 25

Twins resulting from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells are called

Answer 25

fraternal twins.

Question 26

Twins resulting from the fertilization of a single egg by a single sperm are called

Answer 26

identical twins.

Question 27

The hormone called testosterone

Answer 27

is responsible for the bodily characteristics of the male (such as beard, pubic hair, and deeper voice).