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TOEFL > Vocab2 > Flashcards

Vocab2 Flashcards

1
Q

drifting

A

adrift, floating, loose, free, aimless, wandering

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2
Q

intense

A

dense, thick, opaque, crowded

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3
Q

mosaic

A

medley, assortment, mixture, montage, variety

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4
Q

generically

A

commonly, collectively, generally, universally, widely

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5
Q

adjust

A

regulate, adapt, alter, amend, change

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6
Q

satisfactorily

A

adequately, sufficiently, passably, tolerably

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7
Q

regarding

A

with reference to, referring to, in respect to

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8
Q

occupant

A

dweller, inhabitant, resident, tenant

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9
Q

adjacency

A

proximity, closeness, immediacy, juxtaposition

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10
Q

machinery

A

device, instrument, apparatus, equipment, tool

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11
Q

make the same

A

standardize, make uniform, homogenize, conform

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12
Q

insecurely

A

loosely, limply, freely, slackly

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13
Q

saturate

A

permeate, pervade, infuse, flood, fill

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14
Q

weigh up

A

evaluate, assess, appraise, estimate, calculate

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15
Q

duty

A

task, job, chore, responsibility, assignment, undertaking

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16
Q

wring

A

squeeze, clutch, grip, grasp, compress, constrict, pinch

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17
Q

devise

A

invent, develop, create, come up with

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18
Q

unreliable

A

patchy, erratic, irregular, inconsistent

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19
Q

change

A

revise, amend, alter, modify, transform, adjust

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20
Q

pioneering

A

innovative, inventive, creative, new, novel

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21
Q

match

A

suit, fit, become, go well with

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22
Q

course

A

tactic, method, approach, policy, strategy, scheme

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23
Q

boom

A

flourish, thrive, grow, burgeon, prosper, do well, increase

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24
Q

be likely to

A

tend to be, inclined to, be apt to, be predisposed to

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25
Q

drenched

A

saturated, soaked, inundated, flooded, waterlogged

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26
Q

outdated

A

obsolete, out-of-date, archaic, outmoded, old-fashioned

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27
Q

frenetic

A

frantic, frenzied, hectic, agitated

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28
Q

produce

A

mold, shape, sculpt, form, fashion, construct, create, make

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29
Q

disobedience

A

defiance, audacity, opposition, rebellion

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30
Q

complement

A

counterpart, equal, equivalent, partner

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31
Q

in effect

A

essentially, basically, fundamentally, in essence, effectively

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32
Q

employ

A

use, utilize, make use of, occupy, operate, exploit

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33
Q

perceptive

A

keen, sharp, acute, fine, honed, incisive, observant

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34
Q

complex

A

multifaceted, complicated, intricate, elaborate

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35
Q

authenticated

A

confirmed, validated, corroborated, supported

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36
Q

show

A

reflect, reveal, indicate, expose, manifest, display

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37
Q

have

A

possess, enjoy, maintain, be endowed with

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38
Q

passably

A

adequately, sufficiently, satisfactorily, tolerably

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39
Q

revolutionary

A

pioneering, groundbreaking, original, new

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40
Q

concept

A

idea, view, belief, impression, perception

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41
Q

build up

A

foster, develop, nurture, promote, encourage, support

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42
Q

elusive

A

indefinable, mysterious, obscure, intangible

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43
Q

overlaying

A

overlapping, extending, going beyond, overhanging

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44
Q

pillage

A

ransack, lay waste, loot, raid, ravage

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45
Q

go back to

A

date back to, originate, begin, derive from

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46
Q

isolated

A

solitary, alone, single, individual, unaccompanied

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47
Q

situated

A

located, positioned, placed, sited

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48
Q

unknown

A

anonymous, no name, nameless

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49
Q

transitional

A

in between, halfway, intermediary, middle

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50
Q

aroused

A

awakened, woken, woken up, stirred, stimulated, roused

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51
Q

top

A

cover, cap, overlay, sheet, covering

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52
Q

awesome

A

formidable, colossal, great, impressive, intimidating

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53
Q

slight

A

subtle, delicate, faint, understated

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54
Q

obey

A

conform, adapt, accommodate, comply, follow, mind, observe

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55
Q

correspondingly

A

similarly, likewise, equally, in the same way

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56
Q

prevalent

A

common, widespread, rife, rampant, ubiquitous

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57
Q

total

A

stark, complete, utter, sheer, absolute

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58
Q

qualification

A

backdrop, framework, grounding, practice, preparation

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59
Q

desolate

A

windswept, bare, exposed, unsheltered

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60
Q

appropriately

A

aptly, correctly, properly

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61
Q

evasive

A

evanescent, elusive, ambiguous, deceptive, unsubstantial

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62
Q

outdo

A

surpass, exceed, better, go beyond, beat, outperform

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63
Q

backdrop

A

framework, grounding, practice, preparation, qualification

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64
Q

confute

A

belie, contradict, deny, disaffirm, disagree, negate, repudiate

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65
Q

focus

A

emphasize, highlight, stress, accentuate, call attention to

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66
Q

inherent

A

inborn, innate, natural, instinctive, intuitive, congenital

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67
Q

enjoy

A

possess, have, maintain, be endowed with

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68
Q

bewilder

A

stymie, stump, confound, perplex

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69
Q

expose

A

reflect, reveal, indicate, show, manifest, display

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70
Q

induction

A

recruitment, enlistment, conscription, draft

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71
Q

celebratory

A

festive, commemorative, triumphant, congratulatory

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72
Q

symmetry

A

equilibrium, balance, stability

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73
Q

combined

A

composite, compound, complex, fused, multiple

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74
Q

position

A

status, social standing, standing, place

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75
Q

in respect to

A

with reference to, referring to, regarding

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76
Q

allotment

A

plot, area, division, land, parcel, patch, piece

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77
Q

unparalleled

A

phenomenal, extraordinary, exceptional, unique

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78
Q

extensive

A

widespread, prevalent, general, common, pervasive

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79
Q

holder

A

receptacle, container, vessel

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80
Q

fairly

A

moderately, reasonably, somewhat, sort of, more or less

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81
Q

draft

A

pen, write, compose, draw up, jot down, ink

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82
Q

confound

A

stymie, stump, bewilder, perplex

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83
Q

astounding

A

jolting, surprising, shocking, astonishing

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84
Q

lacking

A

deficient, scarce, under-provided, incomplete, insufficient

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85
Q

wipe out

A

eradicate, eliminate, exterminate, remove, get rid of

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86
Q

roused

A

awakened, woken, woken up, aroused, stirred, stimulated

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87
Q

severely

A

drastically, radically, considerably, significantly, hugely

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88
Q

habit. Idiosyncrasy

A

peculiarity, oddity, eccentricity

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89
Q

principal

A

main, major, chief, primary, prime, key, foremost

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90
Q

expression

A

utterance, sound, statement, speech, remark, declaration

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91
Q

shortage

A

lack, dearth, insufficiency, paucity

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92
Q

incubation

A

gestation, fecundation, maturation

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93
Q

illustrate

A

portray, show, display, depict

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94
Q

adjust

A

revise, change, amend, alter, modify, transform

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95
Q

evidently

A

obviously, apparently, noticeably, clearly, visibly

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96
Q

rigid

A

strict, harsh, severe, firm, stern

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97
Q

discerned

A

noticed, observed, perceived, noted, detected

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98
Q

sturdily

A

strongly, firmly, tightly, robustly, stoutly

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99
Q

produced

A

formed, created, constituted, established

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100
Q

persist

A

persevere, continue, keep on, carry on, endure

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101
Q

clear-cut

A

straightforward, direct, frank, uncomplicated

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102
Q

relatively

A

comparatively, moderately, fairly, reasonably

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103
Q

measure

A

amount, quantity, indication, degree, gauge

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104
Q

observant

A

keen, sharp, acute, fine, honed, incisive, perceptive

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105
Q

covering

A

cover, cap, overlay, sheet, top

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106
Q

astonishing

A

astounding, amazing, surprising, incredible

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107
Q

expansion

A

upsurge, rise, increase, surge, gain

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108
Q

eliminate

A

abolish, put an end to, end, do away with, stop, eradicate, getrid of

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109
Q

embraced

A

welcomed, accepted, adopted, taken in

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110
Q

far away

A

far-flung, distant, remote, outlying, isolated

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111
Q

transference

A

transplantation, conversion, transmission, conveyance, transfer

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112
Q

variation

A

difference, divergence, variant, deviation, disparity

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113
Q

dispersed

A

distributed, spread, disseminated, circulated, scattered, strewn

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114
Q

storage

A

reservoir, tank, pool, basin

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115
Q

sink

A

plunge, descend, drop, fall, go down, immerse, plummet, submerge

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116
Q

idiocy

A

folly, foolishness, stupidity, silliness

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117
Q

distinction

A

contrast, difference, dissimilarity, disparity

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118
Q

durable

A

resilient, tough, pliant, flexible

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119
Q

recoil

A

shy, away avoid, evade, recede, retreat

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120
Q

unsystematic

A

random, arbitrary, haphazard, by chance

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121
Q

almost

A

nearly, virtually, practically, just about

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122
Q

journey

A

migrate, travel, rove, roam

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123
Q

lay waste

A

ransack, pillage, loot, raid, ravage

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124
Q

grab

A

grasp, clutch, seize, grip, take hold of

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125
Q

horde

A

multitude, crowd, throng, mass, swarm

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126
Q

put an end to

A

abolish, end, do away with, stop, eliminate, eradicate, getrid of

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127
Q

unite

A

merge, combine, join, blend

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128
Q

accomplish

A

attain, reach, achieve, get

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129
Q

montage

A

mosaic, medley, assortment, mixture, variety

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130
Q

distant

A

outlying, remote, out-of-the-way, far-flung

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131
Q

disclose

A

impart, share, confer, convey, grant, give, reveal, divulge

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132
Q

excess

A

plethora, overabundance, surfeit, glut, superfluity

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133
Q

tolerate

A

stand, bear, abide, endure

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134
Q

attract

A

center, concentrate, bring together, centralize, collect

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135
Q

entice

A

draw, attract, lure, appeal to, bring in, pull

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136
Q

competence

A

faculty, ability, capability, aptitude, talent, facility

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137
Q

typify

A

characterize, epitomize, symbolize, exemplify, illustrate

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138
Q

reconnaissance

A

investigation, scouting, inspection, exploration

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139
Q

sharply

A

drastically, radically, severely, considerably

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140
Q

register

A

record (v), log, chronicle

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141
Q

unwound

A

unraveled, destroyed, ruined, damaged

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142
Q

roaming

A

itinerant, traveling, roving, wandering, nomadic

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143
Q

mammoth

A

colossus, behemoth, titan, giant

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144
Q

theoretical

A

abstract, conceptual, intangible, nonfigurative

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145
Q

radically

A

sharply, drastically, severely, considerably

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146
Q

disregard

A

disrepute, disgrace, ill repute, disrespect

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147
Q

cavity

A

crater, hole, pit, depression

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148
Q

pervade

A

permeate, infuse, flood, fill, saturate

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149
Q

destroy

A

annihilate, obliterate, wipe out, ruin

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150
Q

devote

A

dedicate, offer, give, commit

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151
Q

ensure

A

assure, guarantee, make certain, confirm, secure

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152
Q

excluding

A

apart from, aside from, despite, except for

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153
Q

weak

A

vulnerable, susceptible, exposed, defenseless, open to, in danger

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154
Q

glide

A

slide, coast, drift, slip, move, flow

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155
Q

artistic

A

aesthetic, visual, beautiful

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156
Q

illustrated

A

exemplified, demonstrated, portrayed, shown

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157
Q

sufficiently

A

adequately, passably, satisfactorily, tolerably

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158
Q

quantity

A

measure, amount, indication, degree, gauge

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159
Q

surprising

A

astounding, astonishing, amazing, incredible

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160
Q

result in

A

create, afford, bring, bring about, cause, effect, produce, generate

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161
Q

universally

A

generically, commonly, collectively, generally, widely

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162
Q

conserved

A

preserved, maintained, protected, safeguarded

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163
Q

overhanging

A

overlapping, extending, going beyond, overlaying

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164
Q

rebellion

A

defiance, disobedience, audacity, opposition

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165
Q

behemoth

A

colossus, mammoth, titan, giant

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166
Q

give

A

devote, dedicate, offer, commit

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167
Q

clear

A

evident, obvious, apparent, plain, manifest

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168
Q

variant

A

variation, difference, divergence, deviation, disparity

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169
Q

reduce

A

contract, grow smaller, decrease, tighten, tauten

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170
Q

recreate

A

simulate, replicate, reproduce, imitate, copy

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171
Q

wealthy

A

affluent, rich, prosperous, well-to-do

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172
Q

likewise

A

similarly, correspondingly, equally, in the same way

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173
Q

obvious

A

evident, apparent, clear, plain, manifest

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174
Q

aside from

A

apart from, despite, except for, excluding

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175
Q

get

A

obtain, gain, acquire, attain

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176
Q

pulled out

A

extracted, removed, hauled out, dug up, taken out

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177
Q

uncertain

A

suspect, doubtful, dubious, questionable, unsure, iffy

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178
Q

overabundance

A

plethora, excess, surfeit, glut, superfluity

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179
Q

puzzling

A

mystifying, bewildering, perplexing, confusing, baffling

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180
Q

useful

A

utilitarian, practical, serviceable, functional

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181
Q

dappled

A

studded, dotted, peppered, sprinkled

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182
Q

melted

A

molten, liquified, dissolved

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183
Q

pipe

A

channel, guide, carry, conduct, direct, funnel, route, send, transport

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184
Q

speck

A

particle, unit, constituent, part, element

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185
Q

incisive

A

keen, sharp, acute, fine, honed, observant, perceptive

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186
Q

covered

A

concealed, hidden, buried, obscured, masked, cloaked

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187
Q

happening

A

phenomenon, fact, event, occurrence

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188
Q

patent

A

manifest, obvious, apparent, evident, clear

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189
Q

distributed

A

dispersed, spread, disseminated, circulated, scattered, strewn

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190
Q

particularly

A

meticulously, carefully, scrupulously, thoroughly, painstakingly, exactly

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191
Q

bring

A

result in, create, afford, bring about, cause, effect, produce, generate

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192
Q

sophisticated

A

complicated, refined, complex, advanced

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193
Q

stoutly

A

strongly, firmly, tightly, sturdily, robustly

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194
Q

anonymous

A

unknown, no name, nameless

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195
Q

amenable

A

congenial, supportive, pleasant, agreeable

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196
Q

change

A

adjust, regulate, adapt, alter, amend

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197
Q

serviceable

A

utilitarian, useful, practical, functional

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198
Q

scarcity

A

shortage, lack, dearth, insufficiency, paucity

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199
Q

do well

A

flourish, thrive, grow, burgeon, prosper, boom, increase

200
Q

preserve

A

maintain, uphold, keep, continue, retain, prolong

201
Q

element

A

aspect, part, point, characteristic, feature

202
Q

discernible

A

apparent, perceptible, noticeable, distinct, evident

203
Q

preferred

A

favored, preferential, privileged, chosen

204
Q

good fortune

A

chance, luck, fortune, fate

205
Q

extract

A

take out, remove, haul out, dig out, dig up

206
Q

creed

A

dogma, doctrine, belief

207
Q

lack

A

shortage, dearth, insufficiency, paucity

208
Q

remunerative

A

profitable, beneficial, conducive, fruitful, lucrative

209
Q

cross

A

intersect, crisscross, traverse, overlap

210
Q

immeasurable

A

vast, huge, enormous, gigantic, immense

211
Q

genial

A

benign, amiable, benevolent, favorable, friendly, gentle, good

212
Q

tactic

A

method, approach, course, policy, strategy, scheme

213
Q

ordinary

A

mundane, dull, routine, monotonous, commonplace, boring

214
Q

smell

A

scent, aroma, essence, fragrance, perfume

215
Q

develop

A

evolve, change, progress, advance, go forward

216
Q

function

A

operation, process, action

217
Q

indicate

A

mark, denote, designate, earmark, evince, signify

218
Q

top layer in a forest

A

canopy, formed by the crowns of the trees

219
Q

evident

A

obvious, apparent, clear, plain, manifest

220
Q

woken

A

awakened, woken up, aroused, stirred, stimulated, roused

221
Q

occupy

A

inhabit, reside in, dwell in, live in

222
Q

rush

A

surge, billow, deluge, flood, outpouring, wave

223
Q

grant

A

impart, share, confer, convey, give, reveal, disclose, divulge

224
Q

speech

A

utterance, sound, statement, expression, remark, declaration

225
Q

change

A

evolve, develop, progress, advance, go forward

226
Q

heave

A

hurl, throw, fling, toss, chuck, launch

227
Q

contrast

A

discrimination, distinction, difference, differential

228
Q

belief

A

theory, idea, hypothesis, concept, impression, opinion, perception

229
Q

thoroughly

A

meticulously, carefully, scrupulously, particularly, painstakingly, exactly

230
Q

scoff at

A

mock, ridicule, tease, make fun of, scorn, deride

231
Q

sparse

A

meager, bare, light, thin, scant, scarce, limited

232
Q

effective

A

dramatic, powerful, sensational, striking, vivid

233
Q

distillation

A

filtering, filtration, refinement, straining

234
Q

inhospitable

A

hostile, adverse, unfriendly, antagonistic, unfavorable

235
Q

massive

A

mammoth, enormous, huge, gigantic

236
Q

study

A

survey, review, investigate, look over

237
Q

unequivocal

A

outright, absolute, consummate, straightforward, utter

238
Q

mixture

A

diversity, variety, assortment

239
Q

impression

A

theory, idea, hypothesis, concept, belief, opinion, perception

240
Q

area

A

domain, field, sphere, realm

241
Q

unified

A

cohesive, consistent, solid, interconnected, organized, interrelated

242
Q

denote

A

mark, designate, earmark, evince, indicate, signify

243
Q

hauled out

A

extracted, removed, dug up, pulled out, taken out

244
Q

furnish

A

cater to, pamper, indulge, accommodate, provide

245
Q

deluge

A

surge, rush, billow, flood, outpouring, wave

246
Q

inflated

A

exorbitant, excessive, costly, huge, massive

247
Q

speculation

A

theory, guess, opinion, supposition

248
Q

exceedingly

A

overly, excessively, too, exaggeratedly, more than usually

249
Q

investigation

A

reconnaissance, scouting, inspection, exploration

250
Q

preference

A

taste, inclination, liking, choice, leaning

251
Q

deficient

A

lacking, missing, absent

252
Q

noticeably

A

obviously, apparently, clearly, visibly, evidently

253
Q

change

A

fluctuate, alternate, deviate, vary, alter

254
Q

grant

A

endow, bestow, present, give, award, bequeath, provide

255
Q

hardiness

A

durability, toughness, sturdiness, strength, resilience

256
Q

ransack

A

lay waste, pillage, loot, raid, ravage

257
Q

shape

A

mold, sculpt, form, fashion, construct, create, produce, make

258
Q

perceptual

A

visual, ocular, optical

259
Q

supporter

A

proponent, advocate, patron, promoter

260
Q

characteristic

A

aspect, part, point, element, feature

261
Q

obscure

A

elusive, indefinable, mysterious, intangible

262
Q

epitomize

A

typify, characterize, symbolize, exemplify, illustrate

263
Q

mock

A

ridicule, tease, make fun of, scorn, deride, scoff at

264
Q

transmit

A

project, show, display, broadcast

265
Q

night

A

nocturnal, of the night, night-time

266
Q

complement

A

equivalent, equal, correspondent, partner, counterpart

267
Q

penned

A

caged, captive, bound, confined, restricted

268
Q

obliterate

A

annihilate, destroy, wipe out, ruin

269
Q

thickly

A

densely, tightly, compactly, closely, solidly, heavily

270
Q

sign up

A

recruit, employ, take on, draft, enlist, engage, hire

271
Q

gigantic

A

mammoth, enormous, huge, massive

272
Q

stimulated

A

awakened, woken, woken up, aroused, stirred, roused

273
Q

supervise

A

monitor, watch, observe, examine, scrutinize, keep an eye on

274
Q

rampant

A

prevalent, common, widespread, rife, ubiquitous

275
Q

supply

A

equip, provide, furnish, outfit, endow

276
Q

destruction

A

degradation, decline, decrease

277
Q

fit

A

suited, right, appropriate, apt

278
Q

indefinable

A

elusive, mysterious, obscure, intangible

279
Q

motif

A

design, conception, arrangement, configuration, construction

280
Q

opinion

A

theory, idea, hypothesis, concept, belief, impression, perception

281
Q

major

A

principal, main, chief, primary, prime, key, foremost

282
Q

ramp

A

gradient, incline, slope, pitch, ascent

283
Q

go well with

A

suit, fit, match, become

284
Q

overlap

A

intersect, cross, crisscross, traverse

285
Q

component

A

constituent, ingredient, element, part

286
Q

conform

A

standardize, make uniform, make the same, homogenize

287
Q

revise

A

change, amend, alter, modify, transform, adjust

288
Q

drag

A

haul, tow, pull, lug, heave

289
Q

meet

A

consort with, associate with, socialize with, partner with

290
Q

of the night

A

nocturnal, night, night-time

291
Q

drip

A

trickle, down flow down, filter, ooze

292
Q

futile

A

meaningless, hollow, insignificant, senseless, trivial

293
Q

damage

A

devastation, destruction, desolation

294
Q

exploration

A

reconnaissance, investigation, scouting, inspection

295
Q

start

A

advent, arrival, beginning, dawn, introduction

296
Q

bulky

A

thick, deep, solid, substantial, dense

297
Q

preparation

A

backdrop, framework, grounding, practice, qualification

298
Q

trail

A

trajectory, route, course, path, line

299
Q

obvious

A

manifest, patent, apparent, evident, clear

300
Q

favorable

A

benign, amiable, benevolent, friendly, genial, gentle, good

301
Q

part

A

fragment, piece, section, portion

302
Q

immunity

A

protection, exemption, invulnerability, imperviousness

303
Q

innumerable

A

countless, numerous, infinite, immeasurable

304
Q

advanced

A

sophisticated, complicated, refined, complex

305
Q

benevolent

A

benign, amiable, favorable, friendly, genial, gentle, good

306
Q

separation

A

isolation, seclusion, loneliness, remoteness, segregation

307
Q

hem

A

fringe, peripheral, marginal, edge, perimeter

308
Q

contestant

A

participant, contributor, applicant, partaker, accomplice

309
Q

jostle

A

scramble, move quickly, rush, scuttle

310
Q

quite

A

fairly, rather, moderately, somewhat, practically

311
Q

reason

A

argue, debate, discuss, persuade

312
Q

award

A

endow, bestow, present, grant, give, bequeath, provide

313
Q

obtain

A

get, gain, acquire, attain

314
Q

amount

A

measure, quantity, indication, degree, gauge

315
Q

earmark

A

mark, denote, designate, evince, indicate, signify

316
Q

display

A

project, show, transmit, broadcast

317
Q

write

A

pen, compose, draft, draw up, jot down, ink

318
Q

equilibrium

A

balance, symmetry, stability

319
Q

bewildering

A

puzzling, mystifying, perplexing, confusing, baffling

320
Q

build up

A

enhance, improve, augment, develop, boost

321
Q

method

A

mechanism, device, instrument, apparatus, means, system

322
Q

optical

A

visual, ocular, perceptual

323
Q

nearby

A

close-range, adjacent, close, immediate, proximate

324
Q

except for

A

apart from, aside from, despite, excluding

325
Q

tenant

A

dweller, inhabitant, resident, occupant

326
Q

catalogue

A

categorize, classify, sort, group

327
Q

out-of-date

A

obsolete, outdated, archaic, outmoded, old-fashioned

328
Q

balanced

A

proportioned, regular, even, symmetrical

329
Q

replicate

A

imitate, copy, duplicate, reproduce

330
Q

thus

A

therefore, consequently, as a result, so, hence, in consequence

331
Q

raise

A

erect, build, construct, put up

332
Q

stockpile

A

hoard, store, cache, collection, amassment

333
Q

wear away

A

erode, wear down, corrode

334
Q

clutch

A

grasp, grab, seize, grip, take hold of

335
Q

new

A

pioneering, groundbreaking, original, revolutionary

336
Q

stimulus

A

incentive, motivation, spur, impetus, momentum, force

337
Q

duplicate

A

imitate, copy, replicate, reproduce

338
Q

required

A

compulsory, mandatory, commanded, necessary

339
Q

chain

A

succession, series, sequence, string, progression

340
Q

detailed

A

elaborate, complex, complicated, intricate, sophisticated

341
Q

modify

A

revise, change, amend, alter, transform, adjust

342
Q

insignificant

A

meaningless, futile, hollow, senseless, trivial

343
Q

chosen

A

favored, preferential, preferred, privileged

344
Q

odd

A

strange, abnormal, unusual, weird, peculiar

345
Q

waver

A

flicker, sputter, flash, glimmer

346
Q

stern

A

strict, harsh, rigid, severe, firm

347
Q

suspicion

A

doubt, misgiving, mistrust, distrust

348
Q

embark on

A

engage, take part in, take on, partake, participate

349
Q

mask

A

blot out, hide, cover, secret, veil

350
Q

interval

A

duration, time, period, extent, length

351
Q

moderately

A

relatively, comparatively, fairly, reasonably

352
Q

disagree

A

belie, confute, contradict, deny, disaffirm, negate, repudiate

353
Q

flora and fauna

A

ecosystem, ecology, environment

354
Q

cumbersome

A

ponderous, heavy, weighty, unwieldy, bulky, hefty

355
Q

ambiguousness

A

vagueness, generalization, obscurity, cloudiness, blurriness

356
Q

ostentation

A

flamboyancy, pretentiousness, affectation, posturing

357
Q

circulated

A

distributed, dispersed, spread, disseminated, scattered, strewn

358
Q

principle

A

tenet, theory, belief, precept, rule, opinion, view, ideology

359
Q

slide

A

coast, drift, slip, glide, move, flow

360
Q

sphere

A

domain, area, field, realm

361
Q

part

A

particle, unit, constituent, element, speck

362
Q

splinter

A

shatter, smash, break, destroy

363
Q

contest

A

refute, disprove, rebut, dispute, counter

364
Q

adrift

A

drifting, floating, loose, free, aimless, wandering

365
Q

rummage

A

forage, hunt, seek, scavenge, search

366
Q

characteristic

A

trait, feature, quality, attribute

367
Q

relate

A

associate, connect, link, correlate

368
Q

ambiguous

A

evanescent, elusive, evasive, deceptive, unsubstantial

369
Q

confusing

A

misleading, deceptive, ambiguous, false

370
Q

housing

A

shelter, protection, covering, dwelling, haven, lodging

371
Q

frenzied

A

frantic, frenetic, hectic, agitated

372
Q

exchange

A

barter, trade, negotiate, bargain

373
Q

ferry

A

shuttle, transport, carry, commute

374
Q

feature

A

characteristic, trait, quality, attribute

375
Q

parallel

A

analogous, similar, corresponding, comparable, like, related

376
Q

surprising

A

jolting, shocking, astounding, astonishing

377
Q

proponent

A

supporter, advocate, patron, promoter

378
Q

enhanced

A

enriched, augmented, supplemented, improved, deepened

379
Q

total

A

utter, complete, sheer, absolute

380
Q

augment

A

amplify, intensify, increase, magnify

381
Q

rule

A

tenet, principle, theory, belief, precept, opinion, view, ideology

382
Q

concur

A

coincide, agree, match, correspond, happen together

383
Q

vying

A

rival, competing, opposing, contending

384
Q

surrounding area

A

hinterland, vicinity, neighborhood

385
Q

proximity

A

adjacency, closeness, immediacy, juxtaposition

386
Q

adopted

A

embraced, welcomed, accepted, taken in

387
Q

division

A

stage, phase, degree, step

388
Q

leave behind

A

abandon, relinquish, desert, discard

389
Q

outnumber

A

to exceed the number of; to be more numerous than, surpass

390
Q

take part in

A

engage, take on, embark on, partake, participate

391
Q

explode

A

blast, shoot, discharge, blow up

392
Q

abstract

A

conceptual, intangible, nonfigurative, theoretical

393
Q

time

A

era, epoch, period, age, generation

394
Q

split

A

partitioned, divided, separated, segregate, set off

395
Q

express

A

convey, share, transmit, communicate, put across

396
Q

perception

A

consciousness, awareness, realization, notice

397
Q

go forward

A

evolve, develop, change, progress, advance

398
Q

slow

A

leisurely, unhurried, easy, relaxed

399
Q

perplex

A

stymie, stump, confound, bewilder

400
Q

protection

A

insulator, cover, coverage, layer

401
Q

swarm

A

multitude, crowd, throng, mass, horde

402
Q

esteemed

A

prized, valued, cherished, regarded, precious, treasured

403
Q

confident

A

sure, certain, positive, convinced, secure

404
Q

opposite

A

converse, contrary, reverse

405
Q

restrained

A

limited, restricted, constricted, circumscribed

406
Q

severe

A

harsh, unforgiving, austere

407
Q

marginal

A

fringe, peripheral, hem, edge, perimeter

408
Q

burgeon

A

sprout, grow, develop, shoot up, spring up

409
Q

go beyond

A

exceed, surpass, top, go above

410
Q

conveyance

A

transplantation, transference, conversion, transmission, transfer

411
Q

mechanism

A

device, instrument, apparatus, means, method, system

412
Q

inert

A

inorganic, lifeless, dead, non-living

413
Q

production

A

output, productivity, yield, gain, turnout

414
Q

nearly

A

almost, virtually, practically, just about

415
Q

symbolic

A

representative, descriptive, illustrative, characteristic

416
Q

carry

A

channel, guide, conduct, direct, funnel, pipe, route, send, transport

417
Q

fluctuate

A

vary, change, alternate, deviate

418
Q

covering

A

shelter, protection, dwelling, haven, housing, lodging

419
Q

more or less

A

in effect, basically, essentially, in essence

420
Q

undergo

A

experience, endure, go through, feel

421
Q

unfriendly

A

hostile, adverse, inhospitable, antagonistic, unfavorable

422
Q

interdependent

A

inter-reliant, co-dependent, mutually dependent

423
Q

development

A

evolution, growth, progress, progression, advancement, fruition

424
Q

single

A

solitary, alone, individual, isolated, unaccompanied

425
Q

collect

A

accumulate, build up, mount up, accrue, gather, amass

426
Q

massively

A

very, extremely, particularly, extraordinarily

427
Q

mixed

A

eclectic, comprehensive, assorted, broad, diverse, varied

428
Q

incurable

A

fatal, deadly, lethal, terminal, mortal, grave, critical

429
Q

declaration

A

utterance, sound, statement, expression, speech, remark

430
Q

sheer

A

utter, complete, total, absolute

431
Q

property

A

trait, attribute, characteristic, feature, quality

432
Q

with no trouble

A

readily, easily, effortlessly, simply, straightforwardly

433
Q

unhurried

A

leisurely, easy, relaxed, slow

434
Q

fundamentally

A

essentially, basically, in essence, in effect, effectively

435
Q

put across

A

convey, share, transmit, express, communicate

436
Q

co-dependent

A

interdependent, inter-reliant, mutually dependent

437
Q

pinpoint

A

home in, zoom in, focus, hone in

438
Q

plentiful

A

abundant, copious, profuse, bountiful, ample

439
Q

profit

A

returns, income, proceeds

440
Q

antecedent

A

ancestor, forebear, forerunner, precursor, predecessor

441
Q

irrigate

A

water, saturate, soak, wet

442
Q

with reference to

A

referring to, regarding, in respect to

443
Q

rough

A

rugged, rocky, jagged, uneven, craggy

444
Q

basin

A

reservoir, storage, tank, pool

445
Q

fundamental

A

intrinsic, central, inherent, built-in, basic

446
Q

stark

A

complete, utter, total, sheer, absolute

447
Q

commanded

A

compulsory, mandatory, required, necessary

448
Q

flash

A

exhibit, brandish, expose, show

449
Q

alternation

A

fluctuation, change, variation, deviation

450
Q

theory

A

tenet, principle, belief, precept, rule, opinion, view, ideology

451
Q

flood

A

surge, rush, billow, deluge, outpouring, wave

452
Q

extend over

A

span, cover, bridge, reach over

453
Q

haphazard

A

random, arbitrary, by chance, unsystematic

454
Q

frontage

A

façade, pretense, veneer, mask, cover

455
Q

communicate

A

convey, share, transmit, express, put across

456
Q

opposition

A

defiance, disobedience, audacity, rebellion

457
Q

execute

A

apply, administer, assign, implement

458
Q

loaded with

A

rich, in full of, abounding, plentiful, heavy in

459
Q

particularly

A

exclusively, completely, singularly, solely

460
Q

create

A

devise, invent, develop, come up with

461
Q

assure

A

ensure, guarantee, make certain, confirm, secure

462
Q

synchronized

A

simultaneous, at the same time, concurrent, coincident

463
Q

aesthetic

A

artistic, visual, beautiful

464
Q

nominal

A

minimal, minimum, lowest, smallest

465
Q

chart

A

lay out, arrange, design, plan, map

466
Q

exaggerated

A

pretentious, ostentatious, conceited, showy

467
Q

normal

A

standard, typical, average, usual

468
Q

afterward

A

subsequently, later, consequently, next

469
Q

prolong

A

maintain, uphold, preserve, keep, continue, retain

470
Q

talent

A

faculty, ability, capability, aptitude, competence, facility

471
Q

folly

A

foolishness, stupidity, idiocy, silliness

472
Q

consciousness

A

awareness, realization, notice, perception

473
Q

require

A

demand, insist, stipulate, order, command

474
Q

remnant

A

trace, bit, piece, leftovers, remainder

475
Q

expand

A

enlarge, increase, widen, extend

476
Q

overtake

A

pass, outdo, surpass, exceed

477
Q

offer

A

devote, dedicate, give, commit

478
Q

scarcely

A

barely, hardly, scantily

479
Q

grant

A

provide, offer, supply, present, grant, give

480
Q

erect

A

build, construct, raise, put up

481
Q

seclusion

A

isolation, loneliness, remoteness, segregation, separation

482
Q

haul out

A

extract, take out, remove, dig out, dig up

483
Q

collective

A

communal, combined, joint, shared, united

484
Q

chiefly

A

particularly, mainly, predominantly, mostly

485
Q

route

A

trajectory, course, path, line, trail

486
Q

overwhelm

A

overcome, defeat, overpower, prevail over

487
Q

intricate

A

complex, multifaceted, complicated, elaborate

488
Q

natural

A

inborn, innate, instinctive, intuitive, congenital, inherent

489
Q

reveal

A

exhibit, show, display, illustrate

490
Q

look good

A

bode well, have potential, indicate, suggest

491
Q

take in

A

absorb, soak up, suck up

492
Q

pit

A

crater, hole, cavity, depression

493
Q

lessen

A

lighten, ease, reduce, alleviate, cheer up, improve, lift

494
Q

model

A

exponent, example, exemplar, representative, sample, specimen

495
Q

salvage

A

recover, retrieve, recuperate

TOEFL (6 decks)

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