Vocab Unit 5 Flashcards
Fermentation
chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically
Aerobic
With oxygen
Anaerobic
Without oxygen
Lactic acid
It forms when the body breaks down carbohydrates to use for energy when oxygen levels are low
Glycolysis
cytoplasmic pathway which breaks down glucose into two three-carbon compounds and generates energ
Krebs cycle
is a chain of reactions occurring in the mitochondria, through which almost all living cells produce energy in aerobic respiration.
Electron transport chain
to transfer energy from the electron carriers to even more ATP molecules
NADH
. NADH is a reduced form of the molecule, which means that it gains the electron lost by NAD+.
FADH2
These electrons and hydrogen atoms combine with FAD molecules to form FADH2
Mitochondrial matrix
The innermost compartment, surrounded by the inner membrane
Pyruvic acid
Pyruvic acid is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids,
Inner mitochondrial membrane
major site of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase.
Upper lower epidermis
A single layer of cells that covers all parts of a plant protect it
Cuticle
protecting film covering the outermost skin layer of leaves
Palisade mesophyll
is where most of the photosynthesis occurs in the leaf
