Vocab Unit 4.5

Question 1

Phospholipid

Answer 1

Glycerol backbone two fatty acids
Hydrophobic tail
Hydrophilic head

Question 2

Fluid mosaic

Answer 2

describes the cell membrane of several types of molecules (phospholipids, cholesterols, and proteins) that are constantly moving

Question 3

Diffusion

Answer 3

Higher concentration to a lower concentration

Question 4

Osmosis

Answer 4

High concentration to a low concentration through a semi permeable membrane

Question 5

Semi permeable membrane

Answer 5

Allows certain molecules through it

Question 6

Hypertonic

Answer 6

Water leaves the cell shrinking it
higher concentration inside the cell

Question 7

Hypotonic

Answer 7

Water enters the cell causing it to burst
Higher concentration outside of the cell

Question 8

Isotonic

Answer 8

Equal concentration molecules move evenly across the membrane

Question 9

Concentration gradient

Answer 9

measurement of how the concentration of something changes from one place to another

Question 10

Intercellular

Answer 10

Occurring within a cell

Question 11

Extracellular

Answer 11

Taking place outside of the cell

Question 12

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 12

a state of balance between continuing processes

Question 13

Active transport

Answer 13

movement of molecules across a cell membrane into higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy

Question 14

Pinocytosis

Answer 14

ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane.

Question 15

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 15

process of passive transport of molecules or ions across a biological membrane through a specific proteins.

Question 16

Passive transport

Answer 16

does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes

Question 17

Phagocytosis

Answer 17

cellular process for ingesting and eliminating particles large

Question 18

Protein channel

Answer 18

a special arrangement of amino acids in the cell membrane, providing a hydrophilic passageway for water and small, polar ions

Question 19

Exocytosis

Answer 19

contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane

Question 20

Endocytosis

Answer 20

the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.

Question 21

ATP/ADP/AMP

Answer 21

Energy

Question 22

Phosphorylation

Answer 22

introduce a phosphate group into (a molecule or compound)

Question 23

Exothermic

Answer 23

of a reaction or process) accompanied by the release of heat.

Question 24

Endothermic

Answer 24

of a reaction or process) accompanied by or requiring the absorption of heat