Vocab Unit 4 Flashcards
Political Culture
Widely shared political beliefs and values held be citizen of a society.
Civic Duty
The set of responsibilities that citizens have to their society (voting, participating in politics)
Political Efficacy
The citizen’s trust in their ability to change the government
Individualism
Defining one’s identity in terms of individual attributes rather than group identifications
Equality of Opportunity
Giving people an equal chance to succeed
Limited Government
A government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution
Free Enterprise
Economic system in which individuals and businesses are allowed to compete for profit with a minimum of government interference
Political Socialization
The process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions
Public Opinion
The distribution of individual preferences of a given issue, candidate, or institution within a specific population
Poll
Interviews or surveys with samples of citizens that are used to estimate the feelings and beliefs of the entire population
Random Sample
A method of poll selection that gives each person in a group the same chance of being selected
Sampling Error
A measure of the accuracy of a public opinion poll
Exit Polls
A poll of people leaving a polling place, asking how they voted
Political Ideology
The set of ideas, beliefs, and values that individuals have about how the government should work
Liberal
One who favors more government regulation of business and support for social welfare but less regulation for private social conduct
Libertarian
Advocating principles of liberty and free will
Conservative
Support for limited government intervention in social and economic affairs, a belief in individual responsibility, and a preference for traditional social values
Keynesian Economics
Government intervention in the economy
Supply-Side Economics
Increase the supply of goods translates to economic growth for a country
Fiscal Policy
The government’s use of spending and taxation to influence the economy
Mandatory Spending
The part of the government budget that is required to be paid by law
Discretionary Spending
The part of the government budget that is determined and different every year
Budget Deficit
When federal expenditures exceed federal revenues for a one year period
National Debt
Total amount of money the federal government owes
Surplus
When federal revenues exceed federal expenditures for a one year period
Entitlements
Benefits guaranteed by law paid to individuals by the federal government
Monetary Policy
The use of the money supply and interest rates by the central bank to influence the economy
Federal Reserve
The central bank of the United States
