Vocab Civil Rights/Liberties Flashcards
(32 cards)
Civil Liberties
Protection from the government
Civil Rights
Protection by the government
Due Process Clause
Government cannot deprive a person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law
Equal Protection Clause
Prevents states from denying anyone equal protection of the laws
Selective Incorporation
SCOTUS gradually applies certain parts of the Bill of Rights through court cases
Prior Restraint
Prohibits the government from prohibiting speech before it occurs
Clear-and-Present Danger Test
The government can prohibit speech if it presents clear danger
Libel
A published false statement that is harmful to a person’s reputation
Slander
A spoken false statement that is harmful to a person’s reputation
Symbolic Speech
Non-verbal communication that conveys a message
Free Exercise Clause
Protects individual’s rights to practice religion
Establishment Clause
Prevents government from establishing a base religion
Miranda Rule
Mandates that law enforcement must inform suspects of their constitutional rights before being questioned
Exclusionary Rule
Legal principle that prevents illegally obtained evidence from being used in court
Double Jeopardy
Protects individuals from being tried for the same crime twice
Search Warrant
Order from a judge allowing for the search of a place
Probable Cause
The legal standard requiring law enforcement to have enough evidence to believe a crime has or will be commited
Seperate-but-Equal-Doctrine
Racial segregation is legal in public places as long as both parties are given the same treatment
De Jure Segregation
Racial separation that is mandated by law
De Facto Segregation
Racial segregation that is not legally mandated
Civil Disobedience
The active refusal to obey laws to protest
Affirmative Action
Programs aimed at promoting equal opportunity
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Prohibited discrimination based off race for voting
