vocab unit 1 set 2

Question 1

often rely on precedent and give the weight of law to actions that fall outside the written laws but have ancient and accepted practices

Answer 1

common law

Question 2

rely on comprehensive and frequently updated codes that address as many aspects of life and interactions as possible

Answer 2

civil law

Question 3

ruled by one inherited, usually the eldest child, who governs for life without elections

Answer 3

monarchy

Question 4

government by the few, usually the most wealthy, who use power in the interest of their own class

Answer 4

oligarchy

Question 5

government by a relatively small privileged class or by a minority consisting of those presumed to be best qualified to rule

Answer 5

aristocracy

Question 6

government by the few, with leadership focused on members of the clergy and laws based upon religious fundamentalism

Answer 6

theocracy

Question 7

rule by one person who controls all aspects of life and suppresses disagreement, usually by force of the military

Answer 7

totalitarianism

Question 8

government by the few, usually a political party that controls major economic sectors and include an emphasis on nationalism, militarism, and cultural superiority, and suppresses any disagreement or dissent

Answer 8

fascism

Question 9

government by all, in which the government assures necessities to everyone but leaves open markets for non-essential items, though there may be government ownership of utilities and shared transportation networks

Answer 9

socialism

Question 10

government by the all, the government controls all parts of the economy and markets, the government makes all decisions on behalf of the community and assure complete equality for every citizen

Answer 10

communism

Question 11

government by all, though the citizens elect representatives to government in which officials make and carry out decisions under the guidelines of a written constitution

Answer 11

republic

Question 12

A model of democracy in which citizens have the power to decide directly on policy and politicians are responsible for implementing those policy decisions

Answer 12

participatory democracy

Question 13

government by all, that includes a system for choosing and replacing members of the government by free elections, and has multiple careers of power

Answer 13

pluralist democracy

Question 14

A model of democracy in which a small number of people influence political decision making

Answer 14

elite democracy

Question 15

a form of representative democracy where voters can vote for any candidate in the land, and each representative’s vote is weighted in proportion to the number of citizens who have chosen that candidate to represent them

Answer 15

direct representation

Question 16

a type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionally in the elected body

Answer 16

proportional representation

Question 17

An electoral system in which a single political party or group can elect every office within a given district or jurisdiction

Answer 17

winner-take-all