Vocab Terms I

Question 1

Opposite poles of a magnet do this

Answer 1

Attract

Question 2

The range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends ( includes gamma, x-ray, UV, visible light, infrared, microwave, and radio wave?

Answer 2

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Question 3

Analyzed preserved remains, traces of animals and plants, and microorganisms to reconstruct the history of life on Earth

Answer 3

Fossil record

Question 4

Generated when a bar magnet is moved through a wire coil

Answer 4

Electric Current

Question 5

Uses curved mirrors, largest optical telescopes in the world

Answer 5

Reflecting telescope

Question 6

Empty space that only electromagnetic waves can travel through

Answer 6

vacuum

Question 7

Part of the earth’s crust that is thick but not as dense as oceanic crust

Answer 7

Continental Crust

Question 8

Formed when oceanic crust subducts under continental crust at subduction zones ( Convergence-Oceanic subduction )

Answer 8

Volcanic mountain ranges

Question 9

Also known as artificial selection, is a process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics

Answer 9

Selective breeding

Question 10

Change in direction of waves that occurs when waves travel from one medium to another

Answer 10

refraction

Question 11

Formed in the ocean when magma rises up, erupts, cools and solidifies and pushes the sea-floor outwards

Answer 11

mid-Ocean ridge

Question 12

Long, narrow ditches in the Earth’s crust when 2 or more oceanic plates converge and one subducts under the other

Answer 12

deep sea trenches

Question 13

a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity

Answer 13

seafloor spreading

Question 14

Waves that don’t reqquire a medium

Answer 14

Electromagnetic waves

Question 15

Bouncing back of waves

Answer 15

Reflection

Question 16

Thinnest layer of the Earth

Answer 16

crust

Question 17

68% of Earth’s mass, movement in this layer causes the movement of the continents (convection currents )

Answer 17

Mantle

Question 18

Uses mechanical energy to produce electricity

Answer 18

generator

Question 19

Type of mechanical wave where the energy runs at right angles ( perpendicular) to the wave

Answer 19

transverse wave

Question 20

During the first and third quarters of the Moon, Moon and Sun are at right angles to each other

Answer 20

Neap Tides

Question 21

Occurs whenever there is a full or new moon, Sun and Moon must either be in a straight line on the same side of Earth, or they must be on opposite sides of Earth, gravity causes very high and very low tides

Answer 21

Spring Tides

Question 22

Largely metallic and mainly iron, the outer core is liquid and responsible for generating the Earth’s magnetic field

Answer 22

Outer Core

Question 23

When one plate dives under another plate due to it being more dense

Answer 23

subduction

Question 24

Most dense layer of Earth, SOLID DUE TO IMMENSE PRESSURE

Answer 24

inner core

Question 25

Occurs when two plates collide together. Form mountains , island arcs, volcanos, and ocean trenches

Answer 25

convergent boundaries

Question 26

Occures when an object moves towards the observer

Answer 26

blue shift

Question 27

Plates that are moving apart. Form mid ocean rides and continental drift zones

Answer 27

Divergent boundaries

Question 28

For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction

Answer 28

Newton's 3rd law

Question 29

Force that opposes motion

Answer 29

friction

Question 30

Structures that have " lost" their original use

Answer 30

vestigial structures

Question 31

Simply a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core connected to an electric current producing a magnetic field

Answer 31

An electromagnet

Question 32

1) increase current 2) increase # of coils

Answer 32

Makes an electromagnet stronger

Question 33

Age of a fossil by comparing it to the fossils around it, generally which is older and which is younger-no exact number

Answer 33

relative age

Question 34

Similar structure, different function/ job

Answer 34

Homologous

Question 35

Different structure, similar function/job

Answer 35

Analogous

Question 36

Uses refracting lenses to see things within our solar system

Answer 36

Refracting telescope

Question 37

The resultant force when two or more forces are combined

Answer 37

Net Force

Question 38

one complete wave cycle; usually measure crest to crest or trough to trough

Answer 38

wavelength

Question 39

Any characteristic or trait that allows an organism to survive

Answer 39

adaption

Question 40

Lowest point of a wave

Answer 40

trough

Question 41

Highest part of a wave

Answer 41

crest

Question 42

Proposed the theory of Continental Drift which became the basis for today's modern palte tectonic theory

Answer 42

Alfred Wegener