Vocab Terms I Flashcards
Opposite poles of a magnet do this
Attract
The range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends ( includes gamma, x-ray, UV, visible light, infrared, microwave, and radio wave?
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Analyzed preserved remains, traces of animals and plants, and microorganisms to reconstruct the history of life on Earth
Fossil record
Generated when a bar magnet is moved through a wire coil
Electric Current
Uses curved mirrors, largest optical telescopes in the world
Reflecting telescope
Empty space that only electromagnetic waves can travel through
vacuum
Part of the earth’s crust that is thick but not as dense as oceanic crust
Continental Crust
Formed when oceanic crust subducts under continental crust at subduction zones ( Convergence-Oceanic subduction )
Volcanic mountain ranges
Also known as artificial selection, is a process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics
Selective breeding
Change in direction of waves that occurs when waves travel from one medium to another
refraction
Formed in the ocean when magma rises up, erupts, cools and solidifies and pushes the sea-floor outwards
mid-Ocean ridge
Long, narrow ditches in the Earth’s crust when 2 or more oceanic plates converge and one subducts under the other
deep sea trenches
a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity
seafloor spreading
Waves that don’t reqquire a medium
Electromagnetic waves
Bouncing back of waves
Reflection
Thinnest layer of the Earth
crust
68% of Earth’s mass, movement in this layer causes the movement of the continents (convection currents )
Mantle
Uses mechanical energy to produce electricity
generator
Type of mechanical wave where the energy runs at right angles ( perpendicular) to the wave
transverse wave
During the first and third quarters of the Moon, Moon and Sun are at right angles to each other
Neap Tides
Occurs whenever there is a full or new moon, Sun and Moon must either be in a straight line on the same side of Earth, or they must be on opposite sides of Earth, gravity causes very high and very low tides
Spring Tides
Largely metallic and mainly iron, the outer core is liquid and responsible for generating the Earth’s magnetic field
Outer Core
When one plate dives under another plate due to it being more dense
subduction
Most dense layer of Earth, SOLID DUE TO IMMENSE PRESSURE
inner core
Occurs when two plates collide together. Form mountains , island arcs, volcanos, and ocean trenches
convergent boundaries
Occures when an object moves towards the observer
blue shift
Plates that are moving apart. Form mid ocean rides and continental drift zones
Divergent boundaries
For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction
Newton’s 3rd law
Force that opposes motion
friction
Structures that have “ lost” their original use
vestigial structures
Simply a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core connected to an electric current producing a magnetic field
An electromagnet
1) increase current 2) increase # of coils
Makes an electromagnet stronger
Age of a fossil by comparing it to the fossils around it, generally which is older and which is younger-no exact number
relative age
Similar structure, different function/ job
Homologous
Different structure, similar function/job
Analogous
Uses refracting lenses to see things within our solar system
Refracting telescope
The resultant force when two or more forces are combined
Net Force
one complete wave cycle; usually measure crest to crest or trough to trough
wavelength
Any characteristic or trait that allows an organism to survive
adaption
Lowest point of a wave
trough
Highest part of a wave
crest
Proposed the theory of Continental Drift which became the basis for today’s modern palte tectonic theory
Alfred Wegener
