VOCAB STANFORD Flashcards
SUBCUTANEOUS
ˌsəbkyo͞oˈtānēəs
Under the skin
— Subcutaneous fat
— Subcutaneous tissues
— Inject 10 units subcutaneously daily
— She touched the subcutaneous communications implant behind her right ear
— Cysticercus cellulosae may be comparatively innocuous in a muscle or subcutaneous tissue, but most hurtful in the eye or brain.
HYPOTHERMIA
hīpəˈTHərmēə
Abnormally low body temperature
— A couple of them were suffering from mild hypothermia, due to becoming wet, in inadequate clothing.
— Extreme hypothermia can lead to death in just a few hours.
— The immersion suit helps prevent hypothermia in case the crew enters the water.
— I’m just really cold for some weird reason and my dad said that i have hypothermia.
THERMOGENESIS
ˌTHərmōˈjenəsis
The production of heat, esp. in a human or animal body.
PILOERECTION
ˌpī-lō-i-ˈrek-shən
Goose bumps
VASOCONSTRICTION
vāzōkənˈstrikSHən, ˌvasō
The constriction of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure.
Narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels.
— Blood pressure, sympathetic stimulation causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels and increase in bp
CONSTRICTION
The action of making something narrower by pressure or of becoming narrower
A feeling of tightness or pressure, as in the chest
— Asthma is a constriction of the airways.
—All those symptoms are referable to spasmodic constriction of the small surface arteries,
—By stopping this enzyme working, ACE inhibitors reduce the constriction of the blood vessels.
— Constriction of blood vessels was reduced by 20 per cent in patients compared with the controls.
CUTANEOUS
Of, relating to, or affecting the skin
— Cutaneous pigmentation.
— A cutaneous infection.
— Belonging to the category of cutaneous muscles.
kyo͞oˈtānēəs |
PONDER
Think about (something) carefully, esp. before making a decision or reaching a conclusion:
— I pondered the question of what clothes to wear for the occasion | [ no obj. ]
— She sat pondering over her problem.
— Winston seemed to ponder this, then formed his words with care.
— He pondered the question before he answered.
— The team pondered their chances of success.
— We pondered whether we could afford the trip.
ˈpändər |
DEXTERITY
: the ability to use your hands skillfully
: the ability to easily move in a way that is graceful
: clever skill : the ability to think and act quickly and cleverly
— The job requires manual dexterity.
— He has the dexterity needed to deal cards quickly.
— The amazing dexterity of the acrobat.
— He’s a teacher known for his imagination and verbal dexterity.
dekˈsteritē |
ADIPOSE TISSUE
Body fat
| ˈadəˌpōs |
VISCOUS
having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid; having a high viscosity:
—Viscous syrup that takes forever to pour from a narrow-neck bottle
— On the other hand, if core and
muscle temperatures are lower, then maximum capacity would be impaired.
Nerve signaling would be slowed, muscle
function would be compromised, blood would get
more viscous, and even max heart rate
would decline as core temperature went down.
ˈviskəs |
INTERMITTENT
Оccurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady: intermittent rain.
— Intermittent trips abroad (occasional)
— The patient was having intermittent pains in his side.
— The forecast is for intermittent rain.
— What was supposed to be sunshine, mild temperature and puffy white clouds turned out to be intermittent showers
— An intermittent and desultory war.
— Shortly afterwards he fell ill of an intermittent fever, but seemed to recover.
— The illumination is intermittent, and appears to be under the control of the insect’s nervous system.
ˌintərˈmitnt |
ATAXIA
The loss of full control of bodily movements.
| əˈtaksēə |
COGNITION
The mental process of thinking and understanding and the understanding that comes from this mental process.
• a result of this; a perception, sensation, notion, or intuition.
The mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment.
ˌkägˈniSHən |
HYPOGLYCEMIA
Deficiency of glucose in the bloodstream.
| ˌhīpōglīˈsēmēə |
DEBRIDEMENT
The removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound.
| diˈbrēdmənt |
— I have had the patellar tendon debridement surgery for scar tissue several times.
— Predicted improved cosmesis of burn scar following more accurate laser debridement of burn.
DEBRIS
The pieces that are left after something has been destroyed
—After the earthquake, rescuers began digging through the debris in search of survivors.
—Everything was covered by dust and debris.
— She covered her head as dirt and debris rained over her.
— Several more joined him to clear out debris and the remains of a building.
— With the obstruction removed, water plunged down the creek bed, dragging debris with it.
dəˈbrē, ˌdā- |
DELIRIUM
A mental state in which you are confused and not able to think or speak clearly usually because of fever or some other illness
• wild excitement or ecstasy.
— Maybe it was his delirium, but Jule thought the vamp looked larger than even Damian.
— In cases of poisoning the delirium may last for many hours or even days.
— But the delirium which is common in fever, although it may be partly due to rise of temperature, is very often due to poisons in the blood.
— The presence of toxins in the blood not only affects the brain, causing delirium, but also other organs, the heart and lung, and may cause fatal syncope or respiratory failure.
— Scientists, publishers and librarians all seem to suffer delirium when it comes to electronic publishing.
—Delirium caused by a high fever.
diˈli(ə)rēəm |
REVIVE
Restore to life or consciousness:
Regain life, consciousness, or strength:
Rive new strength or energy to:
— Both men collapsed, but were revived.
— The cool, refreshing water revived us all.
— She was beginning to revive from her faint.
EXERTION
Energetic activity; effort
1 physical or mental effort
: she was panting with the exertion | a well-earned rest after their mental exertions.
2 the application of a force, influence, or quality: the exertion of authority.
A) Doing an extremely hard crossword puzzle that taxes your brain is an example of mental exertion.
B) When you exercise your authority and forbid someone from going to a party, this is an example of an exertion of your authority.
— He was panting from the exertion of climbing the stairs.
— Her face was flushed from exertion and anger.
— His face blazed red from exertion, his eyes glowing brightly.
— His muscles were still bulging from exertion of his visit to the gym.
> > For prevention, cover up in layers that you can
remove during exercise and quickly put back on afterwards.
Stay dry and avoid overexertion, both because the sweat will make you wet,
and if you deplete your energy reserves, it’ll be harder to stay warm.
CIRCUMVENT
Get around or surround someone or something.
To go around; bypass:
Find a way around (an obstacle).
• Overcome (a problem or difficulty), typically in a clever and surreptitious way: I found it quite easy to circumvent security.
— Finding a clever way to get around a large crowd is an example of circumvent.
— Seagulls circling around a couple picnicing on the beach is an example of to circumvent.
— Circumvent existing taste regimes and to be inclusive of issues usually excluded from architecture.
— The Green Party’s proposed taxes would very neatly circumvent the international ban on aviation fuel tax.
— Circumvent the international ban on aviation fuel tax.
— Circumvent the obstacle would add nearly an hour to your journey.
—They were using an unnatural method to circumvent God’s decision - that they would not have a child of their own.
— To remove or circumvent these impediments, and to improve the Mobile harbour, the United States government spent, between 1870 and 1904, approximately $12,000,000.
— How do we prevent an attacker from accessing a level below our security mechanisms and thereby circumventing them?
— Circumvent these limitations.
> > The experimental warming devices we used in the Cory Warms
Up video may circumvent this problem by selecting the less muscular
arms for rewarming, rather than the legs that are greater cold sinks.
JAR
To hit or shake (something) forcefully
Jar is defined as to shock, shake, vibrate or quarrel.
An example of jar is to jump out from behind a door and surprise someone.
— The ride over the old road was jarring.
—The ride on the donkey jarred my bones
> > The cold can make the electrical activity of the heart
unstable, so jarring or aggressive movements could lead to cardiac arrest.
DEMISE
A person’s death: Mr. Grisenthwaite’s tragic demise.
• the end or failure of an enterprise or institution: the demise of industry.
— An example of demise is a raccoon being run over by a car.
— An example of demise is the collapse of a civilization.
> > Paradoxical undressing.
20 to 50% of people who experience
moderate to severe hypothermia undergo a phase
of disorientation, confusion, and combativeness that ends
in their taking off all their clothes.
That in turn increases heat loss and accelerates their hypothermia and demise.
BURROW
A hole or tunnel dug by a small animal, esp. a rabbit, as a dwelling.
A small hole in the ground or a den created by an animal.
| ˈbərō |
— A small underground den where a rabbit lives.
— A rabbit digs a den in the ground.
— A child hides her face in her mother’s skirts for protection.
—When you push your way through a solid crowd.
> > Terminal burrowing is something else that occurs in end
stages of hypothermia and is often associated with paradoxical undressing.
It is a preservation behavior where an
individual tries to squeeze into tight spaces
like under desks, in the holes of trees or under beds to stay warm.
