Vocab Quiz (10.23.2020)

Question 1

Concurrent Powers

Answer 1

powers shared by the national and state governments

Question 2

Reserved Powers

Answer 2

powers reserved to the states by the tenth amendment that lie at the foundation of a state’s right to legislate for the public health and welfare of its citizens

Question 3

Implied Powers

Answer 3

the powers of the national government derived from the enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause

Question 4

Enumerated Powers

Answer 4

the powers of the national government specifically granted to Congress in Article I, section 8 of the Constitution

Question 5

Confederacy (Confederal system)

Answer 5

type of government in which the national government derives its powers from the states; a league of independent states

Question 6

Unitary system

Answer 6

system of government in which the local and regional governments derive all authority from a strong national government

Question 7

Federal system

Answer 7

system of government in which the national government and state governments share power and derive all authority from the people

Question 8

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Answer 8

section of Article IV of the Constitution that ensures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state

Question 9

Privileges & Immunities Clause

Answer 9

part of Article IV of the constitution guaranteeing that the citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of all other states

Question 10

Extradition Clause

Answer 10

part of Article IV of the Constitution that requires states to extradite, or return, criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial

Question 11

Barron V Baltimore

Answer 11

the Supreme Court ruled that the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment did not apply to the actions of states. This decision limited the Bill of Rights to the actions of Congress alone

Question 12

Gibbons V. Ogden

Answer 12

the Supreme Court upheld broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce. the court’s broad interpretation of the constitution’s commerce clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers

Question 13

McCulloch V Maryland

Answer 13

the Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank, using the constitution’s supremacy clause. the court’s broad interpretation of the necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers

Question 14

Necessary & Proper Clause

Answer 14

the final paragraph of Article I, Section 8, of the constitution, which gives congress the authority to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the enumerated powers specified in the constitution, also called the elastic clause

Question 15

Ex post facto

Answer 15

law that makes an act punishable as a crime even if the action was legal at the time it was committed

Question 16

Bill of attainder

Answer 16

a law declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial

Question 17

Dillon’s Rule

Answer 17

a premise articulated by Judge John F. Dillon in 1868 which states that local governments do not have any inherent sovereignty and instead must be authorized by state governments that can create or abolish them

Question 18

10th Amendment

Answer 18

the final part of the Bill of Rights that defines the basic principle of American federalism in stating that the powers not delegated to the national government are reserved to the states or to the people