Vocab (exam 4)

Question 1

Daguerreotype

Answer 1

introduced by jaques-mande; copper plate coated in silver; polished mirror smooth; image positive created on plate

Question 2

bourgeoisie

Answer 2

the middle class; most important class of the 19th century; business owners and workers

Question 3

modernism

Answer 3

philosophy; goal was to represent the here and now as well as show the process of art through obvious art strokes and painting materials

Question 4

salon des refuses

Answer 4

salon of the refused art’ 1863; additional exhibition of refused art from the French Academic salon

Question 5

Japonisme

Answer 5

influence of Japanese prints on the 19th century western arts

Question 6

En Plein air

Answer 6

sketching or painting outdoors in order to capture the immediate effects of natural light

Question 7

Aestheticism

Answer 7

art movement; art for art’s sake; art without morals, narrative, etc; beauty and beauty alone;

Question 8

Impressionism

Answer 8

society of anonymous artists; visible brush strokes; emphasis o light and it’s changing qualities; ordinary subject matter (genre); inclusion of movement as a crucial element; unusual visual angles;

Question 9

Realism

Answer 9

art movement in 19th century; attempted to create objective representations of the external world as viewed direct;y by the artist; consciously democratic, including subject matter that had previously been considered vulgar or ordinary;

Question 10

Romanticism

Answer 10

move away from academia (history, man at best); “Mankind is not ideal”; man’s inhumanity to man; the sublime, angst, fear, longing (and some hope); passions as opposed to principles (colore)

Question 11

Inudstrail Revolution

Answer 11

beginning of the age of technology; the creation of machines to replace mans labor

Question 12

sublime

Answer 12

representation that inspires awe and feeling of something large than life

Question 13

odalisque

Answer 13

Harem Slave woman

Question 14

orientalism

Answer 14

the west’s (Europe’s) fascination with the cultures and customs of Northern Africa, east, and near east

Question 15

Post-impressionism

Answer 15

name given by art critic, Robert Fry; made up primarily of Cezanne, Seurat, Van Gogh, and Gaugin

Question 16

pointilism

Answer 16

Making points with small segmented colored dots

Question 17

symbolism

Answer 17

art movement; literary movement begun in France; rejected social consciousness of realism and the interest in nature of impressionism; main focus was man’s inter-soul: dreams, myths, macabre, and the poetic

Question 18

Femme Fatale

Answer 18

an alluring, seductive, and dangerous woman

Question 19

Fauvism

Answer 19

french for ild beasts; group of artists who appeared to substitute raw energy for craftsmanship and technique; primary colors were dominant; clearly influenced by Van Gogh and Gaugin; leader was Henri Matisse

Question 20

Die Brucke

Answer 20

opposed the older, well-established powers; influenced by Nietzsche; opposed the bourgeoisie lifestyle; considered bohemians; leader was kirchner

Question 21

Der Blaue Reiter

Answer 21

focus on visually expressing a spirituality that resided beneath the surface of the visual world used color as a language; studied religion

Question 22

Analytic Cubism

Answer 22

that in which space is reduced to a flat plane and the subjects look as though they were spliced into strips which were put back together in shifting and overlapping planes and intersecting triangles of overlapping space

Question 23

Synthetic Cubism

Answer 23

cubism that is constructed of exterior materials, paper, and other materials (collage); provokes question of what is real or not

Question 24

collage

Answer 24

the addition of external images to a support

Question 25

orphism

Answer 25

a combination of fauvism and cubism with reference to the spiritualism of color and the spiritual experience of flight

Question 26

futurism

Answer 26

italian movement; used cubism’s formal discoveries to represent figures and machines in motion and to express a new universal dynamism; the machine was the dawn of a new era

Question 27

suprematism

Answer 27

non-representational style of art started in Russia; severely simple geometric shapes and forms; extremely limited palette; goal was to convey that the supreme reality in the world was pure feeling which cannot be attached to any object