Vocab

Question 1

proto-renaissance

Answer 1

13-14th century; precursor to the Renaissance; arrival of the gothic style/architecture in Italy and the beginnings of the Renaissance;

Question 2

The Black Death

Answer 2

14th century; Bubonic plague from fleas’ creates futelism

Question 3

Quatrefoil

Answer 3

a 4 lobe, 4 pointed decorative design; can be seen on the baptistry doors

Question 4

Maniera Greca

Answer 4

Italian for “the greek style”

Question 5

Tempera

Answer 5

egg yolk is binding agent; works best on smooth, fine-grain wood panel; surface of panel covered in gesso-soaked linen; surface is burnished (polished) painted with pigments; gold leaf applied when dry; burnished and varnished to finish

Question 6

Fresco

Answer 6

Italian for “fresh”; rough plaster, rough drawing, final, smooth plaster, pigments applied to wet plaster, pigment/gold added to dry plaster

Question 7

Buon Fresco

Answer 7

painting on wet plaster (true way of doing it)

Question 8

Fresco Secco

Answer 8

painting on dry plaster; more for finishing details and gold leaf

Question 9

Illuminated Manuscript

Answer 9

a book used in religious settings

Question 10

Late Gothic

Answer 10

oil paintings,; a time that focused greatly on detail & more likeness in facial features

Question 11

Altarpiece

Answer 11

a religious piece of art in a church used for worship above an alter

Question 12

Diptych

Answer 12

two panels

Question 13

triptych

Answer 13

three panels

Question 14

polyptych

Answer 14

greater than three panels; seen at larger churches

Question 15

Annunciation

Answer 15

announcement; when Gabriel tells Mary she’ll have the son of god

Question 16

Intuitive Perspective

Answer 16

attempting perspective w/o a concrete mathematical formula

Question 17

Disguised Symbolism

Answer 17

everyday objects that have a higher meaning

Question 18

Atmospheric Perspective

Answer 18

the illusion of distance by the lessoning of local color toward a neutral blue and the blurring of contours as intended distance increases

Question 19

Grisaille

Answer 19

painting looks as if it were made of stone

Question 20

John Gutenberg

Answer 20

He invented the Printing press

Question 21

Printing Press

Answer 21

brings renaissance about; begins mass production and sharing of knowledge/art

Question 22

woodblock

Answer 22

relief carving that leaves printed area raised

Question 23

engraving

Answer 23

carving into copper and other metals

Question 24

donor

Answer 24

person who commissions a piece of art and has his portrait included in the piece

Question 25

Sumptuary laws

Answer 25

can’t create envy (houses that were too beautiful)

Question 26

contrapposto

Answer 26

a composition created by the greeks to show movement and asymmetrical placement of limbs around a central axis

Question 27

humanism

Answer 27

philosophy based on the potential of the individual for great achievement; the inherent goodness of mankind; proportions applied to architecture can be applied to mankind

Question 28

palazzo

Answer 28

a massive building; and urban palace

Question 29

Orsanmichele

Answer 29

has sculture niches

Question 30

one-point linear perspective

Answer 30

Brunelleschi; mathmatical system for representing 3d objects in a 2d space; vanishing point on horizon with orthogonal lines pointing to v point

Question 31

guild

Answer 31

a professional organization; commissioned many buildings and artwork

Question 32

continuous narrative

Answer 32

several scenes in one piece of work

Question 33

condotierri

Answer 33

a man you hire to protect you

Question 34

Federico da Montefeltro (Duke of Urbino)

Answer 34

a condotierri; intelligent and surrounds himself with poets and artists; took over Milan and made himself Duke

Question 35

Trompe l’ oeil

Answer 35

to fool the eye

Question 36

Sistine chapel

Answer 36

the pope’s private chapel; filled with biblical frescos

Question 37

sacra conversazione

Answer 37

sacred conversation