Vocab and Analysis Techniques Flashcards
Parallelism
sentences with similar grammatical structure
Chiasmus
Placing two or more words in a reversed order
Alliterative parallelism
Sentences with similar first letter consonant placements
Analogy
an extended comparison
Polyptoton
religion of the root of a word in different forms
Tricolon
a series of three paralleled words/ phrases
Tautology
seemingly unnecessary repetition
Metaphor
an implied comparison
Epistrophe
Religion of the final word/ phrase in successive lines
Antanaclasis
repitition of the same word but in different senses
Ethos
persuasion based on establishing personal credibility
the credibility of ethos can be achieved by demonstrating intelligence, knowledge, experience, etc
ethos is about making you trust the speaker
Pathos
persuasion based on evoking emotions from others
pathos is about making the audience feel and think
Logos
persuasion based on sound reasoning and logical argumentation
logos is about making the audience feel and think
Kairos
persuasion based on a sense of urgency and immediacy
eg “Sign up NOW!”
Epizeuxis
the successive repetition of a single word
“Reputation, reputation, reputation!”
How do the repeated words work together with the words that come before and after?
As something that he desperately wants to keep but is powerless to do, Cassio can only cling on to what remains of his reputation by conjuring up in its linguistic form. As he rehashes the word “reputation reputation reputation!” in this Epizeuxis all the while knowing that the real thing is now beyond his reach.
Anacoluthon
Sudden interruption of a sentence.
Iago’s “Put money in the purse” speech.
Hyperbaton
changing the normal word order of a sentence.
subject + verb + object
‘to be or not to be’
Paradox
a statement that seems contradictory but may actually be true
Sestina
a highly structured poem consisting of six six-line stanzas followed by a tercet; the same set of six words ends the lines of each of the six-line stanzas, but in a different order each time
Petrachan sonnet
a sonnet from divided into an octave and a sestet; also called an Italian sonnet
Speaker
the person, not necessarily the author, who is the voice of the poem
Personification
treating an abstraction or nonhuman object as if it were a person by endowing it with human qualitites
Assonance
repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, usually those found in stressed syllables of close proximity
Quatrain
a poetic stanza of four lines
Refrain
a repeated stanza or line(s) in a poem or song
Persona
the voice or figure of the author who tells and structures the story and who may or may not share the values of the actual author
Oxymoron
a figure of speech that combines two apparently contradictory elements, sometimes resulting in a humorous image or statement
Ode
a lyric poem that is
somewhat serious in subject and treatment, elevated in style and sometimes uses elaborate stanza structure, which is often patterned in sets of three
Blank verse
the verse form consisting of unrhymed lines in iambic pentrameter
