Vocab

Question 0

Undersecretion of thyroid hormones

Answer 0

Hypothyroidism

Question 1

Group of three muscles (sternothyroid,sternohyoid, and omohyoid) that lies anterior to the thyroid.

Answer 1

Strap muscles

Question 2

Thyroid hormone important for maintaining a dense, strong bone matrix and regulating the blood calcium level

Answer 2

Calcitonin

Question 3

Low phosphate level associated with hyperparathyroidism

Answer 3

Hypophosphatasia

Question 4

Laboratory value that is elevated with hyperparathyroidism

Answer 4

Serum calcium

Question 5

Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine and triiodothyronine

Answer 5

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 6

Wedge-shaped muscle posterior to the thyroid lobes

Answer 6

Longus colli muscles

Question 7

Hormone secreted by parathyroid glands that regulates serum calcium levels

Answer 7

Parathyroid hormone

Question 8

Refers to a normal functioning thyroid gland

Answer 8

Euthyroid

Question 9

Small piece of thyroid tissue that connects the right and left lobes of the gland

Answer 9

Isthmus

Question 10

Large muscles anterolateral to the thyroid

Answer 10

Sternocleidomastoid muscles

Question 11

Over secretion of thyroid hormones

Answer 11

Hyperthyroidism

Question 12

Present in small percentage of patients; extends superiorly from the isthmus

Answer 12

Pyramidal lobe

Question 13

Disorder characterized by a localized or generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes or lymph vessels

Answer 13

Lymphadenopathy

Question 14

Remnant embryonic development that appears as a cyst in the neck

Answer 14

Brachial cleft cyst

Question 15

Disorder associated with elevated serum calcium level, usually caused by a benign parathyroid adenoma

Answer 15

Hyperparathyroidism

Question 16

Over secretion of parathyroid hormone, usually from a parathyroid adenoma

Answer 16

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 17

Congenital anomalies that present in the midline of the neck anterior to the trachea

Answer 17

Thyroglossal duct cysts

Question 18

Enlargement of the multiple parathyroid glands

Answer 18

Parathyroid hyperplasia

Question 19

Enlargement of parathyroid glands in patients with renal failure or vitamin D deficiency

Answer 19

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

Question 20

Use of a fine-gauge needle to obtain cells from a mass

Answer 20

Fine-needle aspiration

Question 21

Degenerative nodules within the thyroid

Answer 21

Nodular hyperplasia

Question 22

Inflammation of the thyroid

Answer 22

Thyroiditis

Question 23

Viral infection of the thyroid that causes inflammation

Answer 23

Subacute (de Quervain’s) thyroiditis

Question 24

Autoimmune disorder characterized by a diffuse toxic goiter, bulging eyes, and cutaneous manifestations

Answer 24

Grave’s disease

Question 25

Modular enlargement of the thyroid associated with hyperthyroidism

Answer 25

Multinodular goiter

Question 26

Benign thyroid neoplasm characterized by complete fibrous encapsulation

Answer 26

Adenoma

Question 27

Most common form of thyroid malignancy

Answer 27

Papillary carcinoma

Question 28

Rare, undifferentiated carcinoma occurring in middle age

Answer 28

Anaplastic carcinoma

Question 29

Chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland caused by the formation of antibodies against normal thyroid tissue

Answer 29

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Question 30

Occurs as a solitary malignant mass within the the thyroid gland

Answer 30

Follicular carcinoma

Question 31

Enlargement of the thyroid gland that can be focal or diffuse, multiple nodules may be present

Answer 31

Goiter

Question 32

Neoplastic growth that accounts for 10% of thyroid malignancies

Answer 32

Medullary carcinoma

Question 33

Tiny echogenic foci within a nodule that may or may not shadow

Answer 33

Micro calcification