Vocab 8 lesson 3

Question 1

Adipocytes

Answer 1

Cells specialized in the storage of fat that makes up adipose tissue.

Question 2

Emulsifier

Answer 2

A substance used to bind a hydrophobic and hydrophilic compound.

Question 3

Enzymes

Answer 3

A protein molecule that acts as a catalyst to bring about a biochemical reaction, thus speeding up the process.

Question 4

Bile

Answer 4

An alkaline fluid that aids in digestion – it is secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder.

Question 5

Micelle

Answer 5

A compound comprised of bile salts (water-loving) surrounding monoglycerides, free fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins (water phobic) in order for absorption to occur.

Question 6

Lymphatic System

Answer 6

An extensive network of vessels passing through almost all bodily tissues that produce and transport lymph (colorless fluid of white blood cells).

Question 7

Lipoprotein Lipase

Answer 7

An enzyme found in the endothelium of the cells that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and a glycerol for the cell to use.

Question 8

Endothelium

Answer 8

Cells that line the inner surface of blood vessels and other lymphatic tissue.

Question 9

Low-Density Lipoprotein

Answer 9

Lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells, known as bad cholesterol.

Question 10

High-Density Lipoprotein

Answer 10

Lipoprotein that carries excess cholesterol away from the cells to the liver where it is turned into bile or excreted, known as the good cholesterol.

Question 11

Beta-Oxidation

Answer 11

The process that occurs within the cell’s mitochondria to produce glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 12

Acetyl-CoA

Answer 12

A molecule that participates in biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, producing energy.

Question 13

Ketone Bodies

Answer 13

A group of incompletely metabolized fat fragments that are normally produced during fat metabolism in the absence of adequate carbohydrates.