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Mass comm test 3 > vocab > Flashcards

vocab Flashcards

1
Q

artist and repertoire (A&R) executives:

A

Specialists who discover and develop the groups and performers.

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2
Q

MP3:

A

Compressed digital audio files that enable music to be downloaded from the Internet.

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3
Q

lyricist:

A

One who specializes in writing the words of a song.

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4
Q

jukebox:

A

A coin-operated music player.

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5
Q

independent label:

A

Record companies not owned by one of the major labels.

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6
Q

hip-hop:

A

The backing music for rap; also refers to the culture of rap.

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7
Q

high-fidelity (hi-fi) sound:

A

Recorded sound true to the original.

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8
Q

Gramophone:

A

Early playback device using a flat disc with laterally cut grooves on one side.

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9
Q

format wars:

A

Companies trying to put the incompatible devices of competing companies out of business.

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10
Q

digital recording:

A

Means by which sound is broken down electronically into a numerical code.

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11
Q

demos:

A

Demonstration recordings sent in to record companies by artists’ agents, managers, or the artists themselves.

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12
Q

copyright:

A

A legal right that grants to the owner of a work protection against unauthorized copying.

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13
Q

compact disc (CD):

A

Plastic disc with digitally encoded music read by lasers.

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14
Q

arrangers:

A

Those who adapt a song for specific singers and other musical elements.

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15
Q

analog recording:

A

A representation of the sound wave is stored directly onto the recording medium.

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16
Q

nickelodeon:

A

Early name for jukeboxes.

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17
Q

phonograph:

A

Originally, Thomas Edison’s name for his first recording device. The name eventually became generic for all home record players.

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18
Q

producer:

A

The person in charge of making a master audio recording.

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19
Q

ragtime:

A

Instrumental music with a steady syncopated beat.

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20
Q

woofers:

A

Large speakers that reproduce low pitched sounds.

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21
Q

Victrola:

A

Early hand-cranked record player introduced by the Victor Company.

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22
Q

tweeters:

A

Small speakers that reproduce high pitched sounds.

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23
Q

track:

A

A single recorded sound source, used in multitrack recording.

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24
Q

Tin Pan Alley:

A

District in New York City where songs were written “on order” for Broadway shows.

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25
Q

stereophonic sound:

A

Recording technique in which tracks are placed individually in the right or left speaker.

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26
Q

Soundscan:

A

A point-of-sale computer system that determines sales of best-selling records.

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27
Q

reporting stations:

A

The radio stations whose playlists are tracked weekly to determine airplay popularity for individual songs.

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28
Q

rap:

A

Music composed of rhymed speech over drumbeats.

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29
Q

amplitude modulation (AM):

A

Radio transmissions created by changing the power of the carrier wave.

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30
Q

format clock:

A

Graphic showing each feature of the programming hour

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31
Q

format:

A

format: recognizable sound and personality.

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32
Q

Federal Communications Commission (FCC):

A

Government agency in charge of regulating all means of interstate telephone and radio communication.

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33
Q

electromagnetic spectrum:

A

The range of frequencies that can be used for transmitting radio waves with electricity.

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34
Q

digital radio:

A

Signal transmissions by assigned numbers rather than analog waves.

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35
Q

dayparts:

A

The division of time for radio programming.

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36
Q

call letters:

A

Broadcast station identifications assigned by the FCC.

37
Q

broadcasting:

A

The use of wireless technology to instantaneously reach a wide audience.

38
Q

Audion:

A

Radio tube designed to pick up and amplify radio signals. Also known as the vacuum tube.

39
Q

analog radio:

A

Transmissions based on an electronic waveform on a carrier wave.

40
Q

frequency modulation (FM):

A

Radio transmissions created by changing the speed at which waves are generated.

41
Q

wireless telegraphy:

A

Name for early radio transmissions, before human voices could be carried on the airwaves, which made radio essentially a telegraph that did not need wires.

42
Q

turnkey network:

A

Company that provides fully automated around-the-clock programming for radio stations.

43
Q

transistor:

A

A durable, solid-state, miniature version of the large and fragile vacuum tubes used in early radios.

44
Q

Top 40:

A

Radio formats in which the current 40 best-selling songs are played in rotation.

45
Q

toll broadcasting:

A

Early plan for radio revenue in which access to radio time would be by fee.

46
Q

sustaining programming:

A

Regular unsponsored broadcast shows designed to maintain audience contact until advertising can be sold for that time.

47
Q

spectrum scarcity:

A

Limited nature of broadcast frequencies.

48
Q

shock jock:

A

Radio personalities who derive humor and ratings from lewd and tasteless comments, using tactics like vulgarity, racism, sexism, and cynicism.

49
Q

Morse code:

A

Telegraph code of dots and dashes invented by Samuel Morse.

50
Q

network:

A

A group of interconnected broadcast stations that share programming; also, the parent company that supplies that programming.

51
Q

sampling:

A

Measurements taken from a small percentage of the audience chosen to represent the behavior of the rest of the audience. Broadcast ratings are a form of sampling.

52
Q

public radio:

A

Broadcast outlets that derive their income from sources other than the sale of advertising time; also known as noncommercial.

53
Q

pirate radio:

A

Low-power, unlicensed, illegal stations.
“public interest, convenience, and necessity”: A phrase from the Radio Act of 1927 requiring that broadcasting be good for the community.

54
Q

payola:

A

The practice of record companies paying radio station personnel to play certain records.

55
Q

noncommercial stations:

A

Broadcast outlets that derive their income from sources other than the sale of advertising time. Also known as public stations.
owned and operated stations (O&Os): Broadcast stations possessed by and run by the network.

56
Q

network affiliate:

A

A local station that has a contractual relationship to carry a network’s programming.

57
Q

affiliate:

A

A local station that is not owned by the network but has a contractual relationship to carry the network’s programming.

58
Q

basic cable:

A

The programming lineup that is supplied with the least expensive program package the cable provider offers.

59
Q

multiple system operator (MSO):

A

A company that owns several local cable service providers.

60
Q

lines of resolution:

A

Rows of lighted dots, or pixels, that make up a television picture image.

61
Q

kinescope recording:

A

Technique used before videotape was invented to film television programs from a studio monitor.

62
Q

importation:

A

In cable television, the inclusion of additional signals from distant stations

63
Q

high-definition television (HDTV):

A

Digital technology using more than double the standard number of scanning lines, creating a clearer, larger picture.

64
Q

geostationary:

A

Placement of satellites so that they orbit the earth at the same speed that the earth rotates, effectively “parking” them over one spot.

65
Q

direct broadcast satellite (DBS):

A

A satellite system that delivers television programming to individual homes.

66
Q

digital video recorders (DVRs):

A

Specialized computers with oversized hard drives on which video signals are saved.

67
Q

Community Antenna Television (CATV):

A

The first cable television system, designed to give viewers in hard-to-reach areas satisfactory reception of their nearest broadcast television signals.

68
Q

channel allocation:

A

The placement of assigned spots on the electromagnetic spectrum to individual broadcast stations.

69
Q

Must-carry rules:

A

FCC regulations that require cable systems to carry all local television stations within the system’s area of coverage.

70
Q

very high frequency (VHF):

A

The “main channel” television stations broadcasting on Channels 2 through 13

71
Q

video tape recorder:

A

A device for recording sounds and images on reels of magnetic tape.

72
Q

video cassette recorder:

A

An improvement on the video tape recorder (VTR) that uses cassette tapes instead of reels.

73
Q

video on demand (VOD):

A

Services that allow cable TV subscribers to order recent feature films, sporting events, concerts, news items, and special events at any time.

74
Q

V-chip:

A

An electronic device that can be set to recognize and block programs with a particular rating.

75
Q

ultra high frequency (UHF):

A

Term used to describe broadcast stations using the transmitting channels 14 and up.

76
Q

time-shifting:

A

Recording of a television program for playback at some later time.

77
Q

sweeps months:

A

Those in which local stations use the ratings to set their basic advertising rates for the next three-month period. Currently November, February, May, and August.

78
Q

superstation:

A

A local station whose signal is delivered to cable systems via satellite.

79
Q

off-network syndication:

A

Programs that were shown earlier on one of the television networks and are now being licensed on a station-by-station basis.

80
Q

strip programming:

A

Showing a program in the same time period five times a week.

81
Q

share:

A

The percentage of homes in which the radio or television is in use and tuned to a particular station.

82
Q

rating:

A

The percentage of all homes equipped with radios or televisions that are tuned to a particular station at a particular time.

83
Q

Public Broadcasting Service (PBS):

A

Government-sponsored association of public television stations designed to facilitate the sharing of programs.

84
Q

program syndication:

A

The sale of programs directly to stations or cable channels.

85
Q

premium cable channels:

A

Those that provide programming to cable subscribers for an additional fee, over and above their basic cable subscription fee.

86
Q

pixels:

A

Lighted dots that create a television picture image (picture elements).

87
Q

pay-per-view:

A

System that allows cable TV subscribers to order recent feature films, sporting events, concerts, and other special events when scheduled.

88
Q

original syndication:

A

The station-by-station licensing of new television programs that were not earlier shown on a network.

Mass comm test 3 (3 decks)

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