Vocab Flashcards
Flexion
the action of bending or the condition of being bent, especially the bending of a limb or joint.
Extension
Extensor muscles are responsible for increasing the angle between two bones at a joint, essentially straightening a limb or body part, and are located on the posterior (back) side of the body.
Anterior
The anterior muscles of the torso (trunk) are those on the front of the body, including the muscles of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis
Posterior
Posterior muscles, also known as the posterior chain, are the muscles located on the backside of the body, from the upper back to the calves, including the glutes, hamstrings, calves, erector spinae, lats, and rear shoulder muscles.
Gastrocnemius
the chief muscle of the calf of the leg, which flexes the knee and foot. It runs to the Achilles tendon from two heads attached to the femur.
Hamstrings
the chief muscle of the calf of the leg, which flexes the knee and foot. It runs to the Achilles tendon from two heads attached to the femur.
Latissimus Dorsi
The latissimus dorsi is a large, flat muscle on the back that stretches to the sides, behind the arm
Quadriceps
at the front of your thigh
Soleus
The soleus is a large, flat muscle located in the back of the lower leg, below the gastrocnemius muscle
How to Increase Endurance
To increase endurance, focus on consistent aerobic exercise like running, cycling, or swimming, along with strength training and interval training, gradually increasing the intensity and duration of your workouts, and prioritizing recovery and nutrition.
Isometric
Isometric movements are muscle contractions that occur without any change in muscle length. In other words, the muscles exert force but do not move the joint.
Isotonic
Isotonic movements involve muscle contractions where the muscle changes length while maintaining a constant tension or resistance, and include exercises like squats, push-ups, and bicep curls.
Antagonistic Muscles
Antagonistic muscles are muscle pairs that work in opposition, with one muscle (the agonist) contracting to produce movement while the other (the antagonist) relaxes to allow the movement, or vice versa.
Synergistic Muscles
Synergistic muscles, or synergists, are muscles that assist the agonist (prime mover) muscle during an activity, helping to produce force, support movement, and promote stability.
Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size or volume of an organ or tissue.
Overload Principle
The principle of overload, a cornerstone of fitness and training, dictates that to improve, you must consistently challenge your body with a workload greater than what it’s accustomed to, prompting adaptation and progress.
Specifity principle
The principle of specificity states that your body adapts to the specific demands placed upon it. If you train for a particular sport or skill, your body will adapt and improve in that specific area.
Resistance
Resistance training increases muscle strength by making your muscles work against a weight or force.
Range of Motion
Range of motion (ROM) means how far and in what direction you can move a joint or muscle
Muscle atrophy, or muscle wasting, is the loss of muscle mass and strength, often caused by disuse, injury, or underlying medical conditions.
Muscle atrophy, or muscle wasting, is the loss of muscle mass and strength, often caused by disuse, injury, or underlying medical conditions. It can lead to weakness, reduced mobility, and difficulty performing daily tasks.
