Vocab Flashcards
Anion
An ion that has more electrons than protons and is negatively charged
Atom
The smallest unit of matter that forms a chemical element
Atomic number
The number of protons in a nucleus
Atomic symbol
A short-hand notation for describing an atom; consists of the chemical symbol, atomic number and mass number.
Cation
An ion that has more protons than electrons and has a positive charge.
Compound
A pure substance that consists of two or more different atoms chemically bound together.
Crystal lattice
A grid-like structure of atoms or ions in which each particle is bonded to all of its neighbouring atoms
Electron
A small, negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits around the nucleus in shells
Electron cloud
The region of negative charge surrounding the nucleus
Electron shell
Part of the electron cloud, layer that surrounds the nucleus and can only hold a certain number of electrons.
Element
A substance made up of only one type of atom.
Ion
An atom that has gained or lost an electron
Mass number
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Molecule
A cluster of atoms that makes up an element or compound
Neutral
Having no overall chargeq
Neutron
A particle with no electric charge; found in the nucleus of an atom.
Nucleus
A cluster of protons and neutrons in the centre of an atom.
Proton
A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom.
Subatomic particles
Smaller particles that atoms are made up of.
Metalloid
An element that usually displays the properties of a non-metal but conducts electricity like a metal under similar conditions
Acid
A substance that releases hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution
Alkali
A base that dissolves in water.
Alkaline solution
A solution made of base/alkali and water
Base
A substance that releases hydroxide ions
