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ap human vocab 2 > vocab > Flashcards

vocab Flashcards

1
Q

agriculture density

A

total numbers of farmers per unit of arable land

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2
Q

antanatlist

A

describing attitudes or policies that discourage child bearing as a means of population growth

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3
Q

arithmetic density

A

the total number of people per unit of arable land; also called crude density

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4
Q

asylum

A

a visible object or technology that a culture creates.

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5
Q

brain drain

A

the loss of trained or educated people to the lure of work in another -often richer country.

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6
Q

carrying capacity

A

the maximum population size an environment can sustain.

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7
Q

chain migration

A

a type of migration in which migrant people move to a location because others moved from their community have previously migrated there

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8
Q

circular migration

A

migration pattern in which migrant workers move back and forth between their country of origin and their destination country where they work temporary jobs.

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9
Q

crude birth rate

A

the number of births in a given year 1,000 people in a given population

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10
Q

crude death rate

A

the number of death in a given year per 1000 people in a given population

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11
Q

demographic transition model

A

a model that represents shifts in growth of world population, based on population trends related to birth rte and death rate

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12
Q

dependency ratio

A

the number of people in a dependent age group (underage 15 or age 65 and older) divided by the number of people in the working group ( ages 15-64) multiplied by 100

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13
Q

distance decay

A

principle stating that the further away one thing is from another, the less interaction the two will have

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14
Q

doubling time

A

the number in years in which a population growing at a certain rate would double

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15
Q

emegration

A

movement away from a location

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16
Q

forced migration

A

type of migration in which people are compelled to move by economic, political, environmental or cultural factors

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16
Q

epidemiological transition model

A

a model that describes changes in fertility, morality, life expectancy, and population age distribution, largely as the result of changes in cause of death

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17
Q

friction of distance

A

a concept that states the longer the journey is the more time, effort it will cost

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18
Q

gravity model

A

a model that predicts the interaction between 2 or more places: geographers derived the model from Newton’s law of universal gravitation

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19
Q

guest workers

A

a migrant who travels to a new country as temporary labor

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20
Q

human trafficking

A

defined by the united nations as the recruitment, transportation, harboring or receiving a persons by improper means (such as force, abduction, fraud, or coercion)

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20
Q

immigration

A

movement to a location

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21
Q

human migration

A

the permanent movement of people from one place to another

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22
Q

interregional migration

A

movement within a countries borders

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23
Q

interregional migration

A

movement from one region of s country to another

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23
Q

infant mortality rate

A

the number of deaths of children under 1 per 1000 live births

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24
Q

internally displaced persons

A

a person who has been forced to flee his or her home but remains with the countries borders

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25
Q

intervening obstacle

A

an occurrence that holds migrants back

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26
Q

intervening opportunity

A

an occurrence that causes migrants to pause their journey by choice

27
Q

intraregional migration

A

movement within one region of a country

28
Q

life expectancy

A

the average number of years a person is suppose to live

29
Q

Neo-Maltusian

A

describes the theory related to the idea that population growth is unstable and that the future population cannot be supported by earth’s resources

30
Q

physiological density

A

the total number of people per unit of arable land

31
Q

pronatalist

A

describing attitudes or policies that encourage child bearing as a means of spurring population growth

31
Q

refugees

A

a person who is forced to leave his or her country for fear of persecution or death

31
Q

net migration

A

the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants in a location, such as city or country

32
Q

population density

A

the number of people occupying a land

33
Q

population distribution

A

where people live in a geographic area

34
Q

population pyramid

A

a graph that shows the age-sex distribution of a given population

35
Q

relocation diffusion

A

the spread of culture traits through the movement of people

35
Q

pull factor

A

a positive cause that attracts someone to s new location

36
Q

push factor

A

a negative cause that compels someone to leave a location

36
Q

rate of natural increase (RNI)

A

rate at which a population grows as the result of the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate

37
Q

quotas

A

limit of the number of immigrants allowed into the country each year

38
Q

remittances

A

money earned by an emigrant abroad and sent back to his or her country

39
Q

sex ratio

A

the proportion of males and females in a population

40
Q

step migration

A

sees of smaller moves to get the ultimate destination

41
Q

total fertility rate (TFR)

A

the average number of children one women in a given country or region will have during her childbearing years

42
Q

voluntary migration

A

type of migration in which people make the choice to move to a new place

43
Q

transnational migration

A

international migration in which people retain strong cultural, emotional, and financials with their countries of origin

44
Q

4 most populated regions in the world

A

south asia
east asia
Europe
Southeast Asia.

45
Q

Types of density and why each is important

A

population density
arithmetic density (crude density)
psychological density
agriculture density

46
Q

Push factors and examples (economic, cultural, religious, political, agricultural)

A

push factors: conflict,appresive government ( Ex. gang violence,hurricane damage,and migrants left RWanda in 1994 because of estimated one million were dead)

47
Q

pull factors and examples (economic, cultural, religious, political, agricultural)

A

pull factors:peace,greater freedom,from government oversight (ex. a steady government,safe neighborhoods, and plentiful job opportunities.)

48
Q

Conditions that decrease/increase TFR

A

A country’s TFR can be impacted by government policies, war or conflict,increased urbanization,economic stability or instability,higher level of education among women,higher rates of women participating in the labor force, and the influence of cultur

49
Q

Ways to increase life expectancy

A

core countries-more than 80 years old
peripheral countries - 50 years
ways to increase:be a wealthy country,having access to…….. health care, clean water,adequate food,and shelter.

50
Q

Population growth throughout history (when and why did it spike)

A

industrial revolution in the 1800s this happened because of urbanization (growth and development of cities)
medical revolution in the early 20th centuries, this is because they created vaccines for diseases such as penicillin ,smallpox,malaria, and TB reaction. This helped because less people were dying from this disease now.

51
Q

Examples that increase/decrease CBR

A

peripheral countries have much higher rates than core
lowest CBR is in europe
highest CBR is in africa
having a high migration of men causes low CBR rate

52
Q

Thomas Malthus Theory (those who support and critics)
malthusians are for the theory but neo malthusians do not support the theory.

A

unaware of today’s contraceptive method that has slowed population growth.
technological advances have increased the food supply.

53
Q

Demographic Transition ( a model that describe population change over time and place countries in different stages of population growth. (EVERYTHING)

A

stage 1: low growth (birth and death rates are high; low population size)
stage 2:high growth (birth rates are high death rates fall; population grows)
stage 3:moderate growth (birth rates decrease; death rates are low;population growth slows
stage 4:low growth (low birth and death rate;constant population zero growth)
stage 5:declining population (low birth and death rate; decreasing population)

54
Q

Pronatalist/Antinatalist policies and examples

A

antinalists- designed to curb population growth by discouraging citizens from having children. the goal is to reduce the risk of potential famine or disease due to overuse of natural resources and to ensure that there are sufficient schools,jobs, and services to support the future population. Ex.china’s one child policy pronatalist - policies encourage births and aim to accelerate population growth. SOme experts

54
Q

Epidemiologic Transition Model

A

describes changes in fertility,mortality,life expectancy,and population age distribution,largely as the result of changes in cause of death

55
Q

Consequences of an aging population

A

there is a surge in healthcare cost also a decline in employment.

56
Q

Pull Factors of Chinese Students (p 112)

A

Higher social status, better work opportunities, Patrotism, Family, cultural factors, reform in China

57
Q

Push Factors of Chinese Students

A

Stress, lack of job security, violence and crime, racism, loneliness, no choice

58
Q

Gravity Model explanation

A

geographers derived from the Newton law of universal gravitation to predict the interaction between two or more places. The model suggests that as the population of a city increases , migration to the city increases and the distance to a city grows the migration to that city decreases.

59
Q

Examples of different types of migration

A

voluntary migration-people make the choice to move to a new place

forced migration-people are compelled to move by economic,political,environmental,or cultural factors.

transnational migration-immigrants move to a new country retain strong,culutral,emotional,and financial ties to there country of origin and may regularly return for visits

international migration-movement within a countries border

friction of distance-the longer the journey is,the more time and effort it will costs

chain migration-people move to a location because other people in their community have previously migrated there.

step migration- smaller moves to get to the ultimate destination

intervening obstacle-a occurrence that holds migrants back

intervening opportunities-an occurrence that cause migrant to pause there journey by choice

guest workers-migrants who travel to a new country as temporary laborers, like the mexican workers who participated in the bracero program.
circular migration- when migrant workers move back and forth between their country of origin and the destination country where they work temporary jobscircular migration- when migrant workers move back and forth between their country of origin and the destination country where they work temporary jobs

60
Q

Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration

A

the economic conditions push and pull people in predictable directions

61
Q

Look up Transhumance (random question…..just know the definition)

A

a form of migration practiced by nomads who move herds between pastures at cooler,higher elevations during the summer, and lower elevations during the winter.

62
Q
A

ap human vocab 2 (5 decks)

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