Vocab Flashcards
Lack a nucleus and other organelles( bacteria)
Prokaryotic Cells
Contain a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles( plants, animals, fungi, protists)
Eukaryotic Cells
Must permit the movement of substances into and out of the cell while also restricting movement
Selectively permeable
transportation of membranes that doesn’t require energy
Passive transport
transportation of substances in/out of the cell against the concentration gradient that requires a carrier and must use energy
Active transport
the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane( cell membrane}
Osmosis
water loving
Hydrophilic
water fearing
Hydrophobic
contains the genetic info ( DNA) of the cell and controls activity of the cell
Nucleus
“powerhouse” of the cell and is the site of cellular respiration
Mitochondria
make up most of the bodys cells
Somatic Cells
Only sperm and egg cells (sex cells)
Germ cells
the nucleus inside the cell divides
Nuclear division
the process of cell division to generate new cells
Cellular reproduction
2 chromosomes
Diploid
1 chromosome
Haploid
process of nuclear division during which duplicated chromosomes are distributed into two daughter cells (generates diploid cells)
Mitosis
nuclear division process that reduces the chromosome by half. Occurs only in certain reproduction organs. (generates haploid cells)
Meiosis
The building block of DNA
Nucleotides
Processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to theDNA
DNA Repair
Unwinds DNA to allow for a replication fork to form
Helicase
Makes RNA primer that marks the starting point of the new DNA
Primase
Binds to RNA primer and makes new strand
Polymerase
Removes RNA primers from both strands of DNA
Exonuclease
