Vocab Flashcards
Bare area
Are superior to liver that is not covered by peritoneum os that IVC may enter chest
Caudate lobe
Smallest lobe of liver that is situated on the posterosuperior surface of the left lobe; ligamentum verosum is anterior border
Epigastrium
Area between left and right hypochondrium
Falciform ligament
Extends from umbilicus to the diaphragm in a sagittal plane and contains the ligamentum teres
Left hypochondrium
LUQ; Contains left lobe of liver; Branches into anterior and posterior segments
Left lobe of liver
Lies in epigastrium and left hypochondium
Left portal vein
Supplies the left lobe of liver
Ligamentum teres
Appears as bright echogenic foci on transverse image; along with falciform ligament it divides medial and lateral segments of left lobe of liver
ligamentum versoum
Seperates left lobe from caudate lobe; shown as echogenic line on transverse and sagittal plane
Main lobar fissure
Boundary between the right and left lobes of liver; hyperechoic line on sagittal image ectending from portal vein to the neck of gallbladder
Main portal vein
Enters liver at porta hepatis
Right hypochondrium
RUQ; contains liver and gallbladder
Right lobe of liver
Largest lobe
Right Portal Vein
Bright echogenic foci on transverse image; along with falciform ligament, divides medial and lateral segments of the left lobe of liver
Alkaline phosphatase
) is elevated when there is hepatic obstruction or liver disease
ALT - Alanine aminotransferase
evaluates liver function and elevates mildly with acute cirrhosis & pancreatitis
Is highly elevated with hepatocelluar disease
AST - Aspartate aminotransferase
elevated in liver disease patients
demonstrates that there is injury or death to liver cells, thus this enzyme is released into the blood stream
Bilirubin
yellow pigment in bile formed by the breakdown of red blood cells
BUN - Blood urea nitrogen
Lab measurement of amount of nitrogenous waste and creatinine in blood.
Hepatocellular disease
Classification of liver disease where hepatocytes are the primary problem
Hepatocyte
Parenchymal liver cell that performs all functions ascribed to the liver
HepatoFUGAL
Flow away from liver
HepatoPETAL
flow toward the liver
hyperglycemia
uncontrolled increase in blood glucose levels
hypoglycemia
deficient in blood glucose levels
Which has profound effects on the brain and other organs
Liver function test
Specific lab tests that look at liver functions (Aspartate or alanine aminotransferase, lactic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin)
Obstructive disease
Classification of liver disease where main problem is blocked bile excretion within the liver of biliary system
Bulls eye (target) lesion
Hypoechoic mass with an echogenic central core (abscess, metastases)
Collateral circulation
Develo[es when normal venous channels become obstructed
Diffused hepatocellular disease
Affects hepatocytes and interferes with liver fuction
Extrahepatic
outside of liver
Intrahepatic
within the liver
Metastic disease
Most common form of neoplasm of the liver; primarily sites are colon, breast and liver
neoplasm
any new growth (benign or malignant)
Pyogenic abscess
Pus forming collection of fluid
