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Liver - DMS > Liver Chp > Flashcards

Liver Chp Flashcards

1
Q

MLF fissure divedes

A

L and R lobe

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2
Q

L, R, M hepatics dived what way

A

longitudinally

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3
Q

R and L portal veins divide what way

A

transversly

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4
Q

Glissons capsule is

A

the liver covering

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5
Q

What two ligmaents &/or fissures divide the L lobe into medial and lateral portions

A

Falciform ligament and Ligamentum teres

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6
Q

Main portal vein as well as MLF divides into

A

L and R lobes

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7
Q

Whats more ecogenic portal veins or hepatic veins?

A

Portal

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8
Q

What carries blood from the bowels into the liver?

A

Portal V

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9
Q

What drains blood from the liver into the IVC?

A

Hepatic V

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10
Q

What carries oxygenated blood from the aorta to the liver?

A

Hepatic A

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11
Q

What two vessels carry blood to liver?

A

Portal v and Hparic A

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12
Q

Brief overview of metabolism

A

phy and chem process

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13
Q

Brief overview of digestion

A

bile

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14
Q

Brief overview of storage

A

Iron and vitamins

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15
Q

Brief overview of detox

A

drugs and poisons

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16
Q

Define Bilirubin

A

break down of red blood cells

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17
Q

Hepatobillary systym includs

A

liver, bile ducts, and gall bladder.

Metabolic and excretory fuctions

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18
Q

Hepatic disease is, and treated how

A

hepatocytes imediate problem
ex. viral hepititis destroys cells

TX: medically with drugs to decrease Albumin

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19
Q

Obstructive disease is, and is treated how

A

Bile excretion is blocked, liver malfunctions as secondary result.
TX: surgically
Severe increase in bilitubin and Alkaine Phos

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20
Q

Raw materials such as carbs(sugars), amino acids (protien), are absorbed from intestines and transported to…

A

the circulatory system

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21
Q

Carbs

A

Glucose - energy

liver maintains steady state of glucose

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22
Q

Glucose is converted to what for storage

A

glycogen (starch)

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23
Q

Hypoglycemis

A

low glucose affects brain and organs

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24
Q

Hperglycemis

A

Increased glucose levels

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25
Q

Fats

A

Monoglyceride and diglycerides

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26
Q

Live is the primary site for metabolism of fats and is absorbed in intestenises in the form of

A

Monglycerides and diglycerides

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27
Q

Dietary fats are converted in to the hepatocytes to

A

lipoprotiends the transported and stored

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28
Q

Fatty liver

A

Fat croweds hepatocytes, pregnacy obesity liver disease and diabeties.

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29
Q

Protiens:
Indirect-
Direct-

A

Indirect: amino acids absorbed from gut
Direct: raw materials stored in body

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30
Q

primary site for Albumin…

A

liver

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31
Q

Albumin

A

Helps maintain oncotic presure within vascular supply

32
Q

Chronic liver disease has increased or decreased Albumin

A

decreased, hypoalbuminemia

Edima, swelling may occur

33
Q

Sever liver disease = advanced cirrhosis leading to the development of

A

ascites

34
Q

Ascites #1 cause

A

Portal hypertension

35
Q

Live is the primary source of blood coagulation name two..

A

fibrogen (1) and prothrobim (2)

36
Q

Liver disease does what to blood coagulation

A

decreases coagulation, uncontrollable hemorage, can lead to death

37
Q

In bile duct obstruction -

A

there is limited fat absorbtion

38
Q

in hepatocellular disease

A

K improves but doesnt restore

39
Q

Clotting Tests
Pro-time
Partial thromboplastin

A

test result in percent of time to clott long period = low percent

patient time/ normal time to clot = %

40
Q

Hepatic Enzymes

A

Protie catalysts that leak into blood stream when hepatocytes or injurded or dead.

41
Q

increased hepatic enzymes in blood = what patho

A

Hepaticellular dissorder

42
Q

HIgh serum levels in hepatocellular and biliary obstruction

A 
Hepat = 300 untils
Biliary = 1000 units
43
Q

Abnormal Alkaline is the only symptom in

A

Metastic disease

44
Q

Hepatic Detox

A

break down Ammonium, notrogen metabloism converted into nontoxic urea

45
Q

BUN

A

Measures urea in blood

46
Q

Sever liver disease has high or low BUN results

A

low due to no urea production

47
Q

Fector hpaticus

A

fruity or pudgent breath due to ammonium

48
Q

Low BUM equals high

A

NH4 ammonium accumulation resulting in brain dysfunction

49
Q

Bilirubin detox break down of _____ excretes _____ to gut via _______

A

break down of RBC important detox excreted bilirubin to the gut via biliary tree

(RBC on live 120 days)

50
Q

Retociloendothelial cells in spleen trap what and break them down?

A

RBC

51
Q

Bilirubin attaches to what?

A

Albumin

52
Q

Metabolic steps take pace in hepatocyte when RBC is released

A
  1. uptake - seperate bilirubin and albumin
  2. Conjugation - Bilirubin + glucronide = bilirubin diglycuronide
  3. Excretion - bilitubin transported to cell memb
53
Q

Once bilirubin is releaced from hepatocyte it is released into ______ delievered to ______ the exserted into _______

A

bile ducts
Bowel
Fesces

54
Q

Hepatocellular Tests
Direct and indirect fraction
what one is chemically conjucated and unconjugated

A

Direct - chem conjugated bilirubin

Indirect - unconjugated bilirubin

55
Q

Total bilirubin =

A

direct + indirect

= 1mg/100 ml or less

56
Q

Transplant will increase the congugated bilirubin or uncongucated

A

uncongugated

57
Q

Biliary obstruction vs. Hepatocelular bilirubin

A

less than 35/100

greater than 35/100

58
Q

Examples of Indirect and direct bilirubin

A

indirect - hemolysis

direct - hepato, and biliary obstruction

59
Q

AST - asparate

A

Released due to death pr injury to producing cells

cirrohsis and acute hep

60
Q

ALT - alanin

A

live specific
Hepatocellular disease, toxic hep = increased
Alchoholic ALT is higher in Hep

61
Q

LDH - Lactic acid

A

cell death injury = increase

primary detection of myocardial or pulmonary infraction

62
Q

Alk phos

A

HIgh alk phos = cirrohsis and hepatitis

63
Q

3 causes of increased bilirubin

A

RBC destruction
Malfunction of liver cells
Blocked ducts leading from cells

64
Q

Diseases that are both indirect and direct =

A

Hepatitis, hepaticmetastises, lymphoma, cirohsis

65
Q

Prothrombin time

A

Clot time
Increased clot time due to liver disease
Cirrohsis and metastatix

66
Q

Albumin and Clobulin tests

A

Depressed synthesis of protiens

67
Q

MLF

A

Sperated L and R lobe

68
Q

Left intestinal fissure and L portal V

A

L lobe into medial and lateral

69
Q

The liver is more hyperechoic that the

A

kindey

70
Q

the liver is less hyperechoic than the

A

spleen and pancreas

71
Q

In focal sparing whats effected

A

the anterior callbladder and posterior L lobe are effeced

72
Q

Fatty infilration =

A

increase lipid accumulation

73
Q

Fatty infiltration sono findings

A

increased echo, lobe enlargemnt, focal sparing

74
Q

Sono findings for Cirrhosis

A

Coarse, increased atttenuation, decreased vasulature

75
Q

Inflamatory disease symptomes

A

fever, RUQ P, increased WBC count

76
Q

Hemangioma

A

benign congenital tumor consisting of blood filled cystic spaces

Liver - DMS (6 decks)

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