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Liver - DMS > Liver Chp > Flashcards

Liver Chp Flashcards

1
Q

MLF fissure divedes

A

L and R lobe

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2
Q

L, R, M hepatics dived what way

A

longitudinally

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3
Q

R and L portal veins divide what way

A

transversly

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4
Q

Glissons capsule is

A

the liver covering

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5
Q

What two ligmaents &/or fissures divide the L lobe into medial and lateral portions

A

Falciform ligament and Ligamentum teres

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6
Q

Main portal vein as well as MLF divides into

A

L and R lobes

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7
Q

Whats more ecogenic portal veins or hepatic veins?

A

Portal

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8
Q

What carries blood from the bowels into the liver?

A

Portal V

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9
Q

What drains blood from the liver into the IVC?

A

Hepatic V

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10
Q

What carries oxygenated blood from the aorta to the liver?

A

Hepatic A

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11
Q

What two vessels carry blood to liver?

A

Portal v and Hparic A

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12
Q

Brief overview of metabolism

A

phy and chem process

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13
Q

Brief overview of digestion

A

bile

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14
Q

Brief overview of storage

A

Iron and vitamins

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15
Q

Brief overview of detox

A

drugs and poisons

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16
Q

Define Bilirubin

A

break down of red blood cells

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17
Q

Hepatobillary systym includs

A

liver, bile ducts, and gall bladder.

Metabolic and excretory fuctions

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18
Q

Hepatic disease is, and treated how

A

hepatocytes imediate problem
ex. viral hepititis destroys cells

TX: medically with drugs to decrease Albumin

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19
Q

Obstructive disease is, and is treated how

A

Bile excretion is blocked, liver malfunctions as secondary result.
TX: surgically
Severe increase in bilitubin and Alkaine Phos

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20
Q

Raw materials such as carbs(sugars), amino acids (protien), are absorbed from intestines and transported to…

A

the circulatory system

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21
Q

Carbs

A

Glucose - energy

liver maintains steady state of glucose

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22
Q

Glucose is converted to what for storage

A

glycogen (starch)

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23
Q

Hypoglycemis

A

low glucose affects brain and organs

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24
Q

Hperglycemis

A

Increased glucose levels

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25
Fats
Monoglyceride and diglycerides
26
Live is the primary site for metabolism of fats and is absorbed in intestenises in the form of
Monglycerides and diglycerides
27
Dietary fats are converted in to the hepatocytes to
lipoprotiends the transported and stored
28
Fatty liver
Fat croweds hepatocytes, pregnacy obesity liver disease and diabeties.
29
Protiens: Indirect- Direct-
Indirect: amino acids absorbed from gut Direct: raw materials stored in body
30
primary site for Albumin...
liver
31
Albumin
Helps maintain oncotic presure within vascular supply
32
Chronic liver disease has increased or decreased Albumin
decreased, hypoalbuminemia | Edima, swelling may occur
33
Sever liver disease = advanced cirrhosis leading to the development of
ascites
34
Ascites #1 cause
Portal hypertension
35
Live is the primary source of blood coagulation name two..
fibrogen (1) and prothrobim (2)
36
Liver disease does what to blood coagulation
decreases coagulation, uncontrollable hemorage, can lead to death
37
In bile duct obstruction -
there is limited fat absorbtion
38
in hepatocellular disease
K improves but doesnt restore
39
Clotting Tests Pro-time Partial thromboplastin
test result in percent of time to clott long period = low percent patient time/ normal time to clot = %
40
Hepatic Enzymes
Protie catalysts that leak into blood stream when hepatocytes or injurded or dead.
41
increased hepatic enzymes in blood = what patho
Hepaticellular dissorder
42
HIgh serum levels in hepatocellular and biliary obstruction
``` Hepat = 300 untils Biliary = 1000 units ```
43
Abnormal Alkaline is the only symptom in
Metastic disease
44
Hepatic Detox
break down Ammonium, notrogen metabloism converted into nontoxic urea
45
BUN
Measures urea in blood
46
Sever liver disease has high or low BUN results
low due to no urea production
47
Fector hpaticus
fruity or pudgent breath due to ammonium
48
Low BUM equals high
NH4 ammonium accumulation resulting in brain dysfunction
49
Bilirubin detox break down of _____ excretes _____ to gut via _______
break down of RBC important detox excreted bilirubin to the gut via biliary tree (RBC on live 120 days)
50
Retociloendothelial cells in spleen trap what and break them down?
RBC
51
Bilirubin attaches to what?
Albumin
52
Metabolic steps take pace in hepatocyte when RBC is released
1. uptake - seperate bilirubin and albumin 2. Conjugation - Bilirubin + glucronide = bilirubin diglycuronide 3. Excretion - bilitubin transported to cell memb
53
Once bilirubin is releaced from hepatocyte it is released into ______ delievered to ______ the exserted into _______
bile ducts Bowel Fesces
54
Hepatocellular Tests Direct and indirect fraction what one is chemically conjucated and unconjugated
Direct - chem conjugated bilirubin | Indirect - unconjugated bilirubin
55
Total bilirubin =
direct + indirect | = 1mg/100 ml or less
56
Transplant will increase the congugated bilirubin or uncongucated
uncongugated
57
Biliary obstruction vs. Hepatocelular bilirubin
less than 35/100 | greater than 35/100
58
Examples of Indirect and direct bilirubin
indirect - hemolysis | direct - hepato, and biliary obstruction
59
AST - asparate
Released due to death pr injury to producing cells | cirrohsis and acute hep
60
ALT - alanin
live specific Hepatocellular disease, toxic hep = increased Alchoholic ALT is higher in Hep
61
LDH - Lactic acid
cell death injury = increase | primary detection of myocardial or pulmonary infraction
62
Alk phos
HIgh alk phos = cirrohsis and hepatitis
63
3 causes of increased bilirubin
RBC destruction Malfunction of liver cells Blocked ducts leading from cells
64
Diseases that are both indirect and direct =
Hepatitis, hepaticmetastises, lymphoma, cirohsis
65
Prothrombin time
Clot time Increased clot time due to liver disease Cirrohsis and metastatix
66
Albumin and Clobulin tests
Depressed synthesis of protiens
67
MLF
Sperated L and R lobe
68
Left intestinal fissure and L portal V
L lobe into medial and lateral
69
The liver is more hyperechoic that the
kindey
70
the liver is less hyperechoic than the
spleen and pancreas
71
In focal sparing whats effected
the anterior callbladder and posterior L lobe are effeced
72
Fatty infilration =
increase lipid accumulation
73
Fatty infiltration sono findings
increased echo, lobe enlargemnt, focal sparing
74
Sono findings for Cirrhosis
Coarse, increased atttenuation, decreased vasulature
75
Inflamatory disease symptomes
fever, RUQ P, increased WBC count
76
Hemangioma
benign congenital tumor consisting of blood filled cystic spaces

Liver - DMS (6 decks)

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