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Advanced Networking > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

A network topology and associated communication protocols that allow an organizations computers to send/receive data.

A

Computer network

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2
Q

Represents the wires or wireless links that connect computers together for the purpose of data communication

A

Network topology

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3
Q

Name the network topologys

A 
Star
Bud
Ring
Mesh 
Tree
P2P
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4
Q

What is the equation used to create a full connected network?

A

(N * (N-1))/ 2

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5
Q

Represents the rules that permit two computers to transmit digital data

A

Communication protocol

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6
Q

What are the communication protocols used?

A

Ethernet, IPv4, IPv6, TCP, UDP, HTTP

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7
Q

Represents the an undesirable situation where an increase in data within a computer network causes a decrease in the throughput across the computer network

A

Network congestion

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8
Q

Represents the number of packets successfully delivered by all computers attached to a computer network

A

Throughput

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9
Q

Represents the an undesirable situation where an increase in data within the computer network causes a decrease in throughput across the computer network

A

Network congestion

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10
Q

What are the causes of network congestion?

A
  1. Too many frame retransmissions due to collisions and / or corruption
  2. Too many hosts placed in a collision domain
  3. Too many hosts placed in a broadcast domain
  4. Broadcast storms
  5. Too much multicast traffic
  6. Low bandwidth network links
  7. Using HUBs with the network
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11
Q

Represents the set of all computing devices attached to a network segment that are allowed to “hear” all the packet broadcasts sent out on that specific network segment

A

Broadcast domain

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12
Q

What can computers that reside in the same broadcast domain do?

A

Can communicate with each other via a data link layer broadcast frame

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13
Q

Any network segment that is used by two or more computers to transmit data

A

Collision domain

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14
Q

With respect to collision domains , when a device is using the network segment , another device must:

A

wait to transmit

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15
Q

With respect to collision domains , when a device is using the network segment , another device must wait to transmit

A

Network contention

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16
Q

A network of networks

A

Internetwork

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17
Q

An internetwork is created when two or more unique networks are:

A
  • connected together by a common router

- configured to use a logical addressing scheme with a protocol, such as IPv4 or IPv6

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18
Q

Cisco network devices are comprised of:

A

Routers, switches, bridges, and/or hubs

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19
Q

Layer 3 device or network layer device - “Speak” a network layer protocol
*IPv4, etc.

Pass packets between networks

A

Cisco router

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20
Q

A network segment represent _________ and ________

A

1 broadcast domain

1 collision domain

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21
Q

Layer 2 device or Data Link Layer device -“Speak ” a data link layer protocol *Ethernet, etc.

A single interface represents one (1) unique collision domain

A frame sent by one device is delivered to the device attached and that has the destination MAC address

A

Cisco switch

22
Q

Layer 2 device or Data Link Layer device - General “speak” two layer 2 protocols

Function is similar to switches

Historically , two interfaces

  • One interface speaks one DLL protocol
  • The other speaks another DLL protocol
  • E.g X.25 - Ethernet bridge
A

Cisco bridge

23
Q

Layer 1 device or Physical Layer device

A frame sent by one device is copied and sent to all other attached devices

are essentially Repeaters

interfaces reside within the same collision domain

is essentially a bus network topology

A

Cisco hub

24
Q

What are the goals of internetworking

A

To create efficient internetworks that allow users to communicate and share services and resources

Minimize network contention

25
Q

Rules & misc. thoughts

A
  • Avoid using bridges and hub
  • Use routers to create more broadcast domains
  • Use switches to create more collision domains
26
Q

A router with 4 active interfaces will create how many broadcast domains?

A

4 broadcast domains

27
Q

A switch with 25 active interfaces will create how many collision domains?

A

25 collision domains

28
Q

simply a model of “how” communication should take place between two or more computing devices

A

Reference model

29
Q

Reference models often define several service layers. What are some facts about the layers?

A
  • Each service layer provides unique functions
  • Layering provide abstraction !!!
    • We can replace one layer with a new layer as long as the new layer provides the same unique functions
30
Q

There are two comm reference models. What are they?

A
  1. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

2. Open System Interconnect (OSI)

31
Q

The _____ model is not a layered architecture because no implementation of the model exists

A

OSI

32
Q

What are the seven layers of the OSI reference model?

A 
Application (top)
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data-link
Physical (bottom)
33
Q

This Layer is responsible for pushing / pulling bits to / from adjacent node

A

Physical

34
Q

Physical layer the PDU is a:

A

Bit

35
Q

Data link is responsible for:

A
  • Uniquely identifying each piece of network hardware via a Medium Access Control (MAC) address (A.K.A Hardware Address )
  • Controlling when a station places bits on the transmission media
  • Detecting Frame errors
36
Q

Data link layer the PDU is a:

A

Frame

37
Q

Network layer the PDU is a:

A

Packet

38
Q

Network layer is responsible for:

A

-Uniquely identifying each network attached device via a network address (IP address )
– Determining where a Packet should go next (i.e. Routing )

39
Q

Transport layer the PDU is a:

A

Segment if TCP is used

Datagram if UDP is used

40
Q

Transport layer is responsible for:

A
  • Providing connection-oriented end-to-end communication from the user’s perspective.
  • Providing connectionless communication from the user’s perspective
41
Q

Session layer the PDU is a:

A

Message

42
Q

Session layer is responsible for:

A
  • Establishing, maintaining, and releasing a connection between two hosts.
  • Two types of communication sessions
  • Connection Oriented communication *Connectionless communication
43
Q

communication is similar to a telephone call

  • You “set-up” a communication path between two computers before the transmission of data occurs
  • Each Transport Layer segment traverses the same communication path from source to destination
  • The communication path is “ broken ” when one of the computers is finished communicating
A

Connection-oriented communication

44
Q

Communication is to sending mail via the postal system.

  • Each Transport Layer segment can traverse a separate path from source to destination .
  • A segment may not arrive in the order in which it was sent.
A

Connectionless

45
Q

Presentation layer the PDU is a:

A

Message

46
Q

Presentation layer is responsible for:

A
  • Defining how the data is presented to the user or application so that it is recognizable using the specific hardware
  • Data encryption
47
Q

The presentation layer received the message from this layer. It can/may be modified and sent to the session layer. What layer sent it?

A

Application layer

48
Q

TCP/IP reference model layers

A

Application

Transport

Internet

Host-to-network

49
Q

The process/application layer provides:

A

Similar service of application, presentation, and session layers from OSI model

50
Q

Host-to-host layer is essentially the OSI ________ layer

A

Transport

51
Q

Hybrid reference model used for the semester with 5 layers:

A 
Application
Transport
Network
Data link
Physical

Advanced Networking (2 decks)

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