vocab #1

Question 1

empiricism

Answer 1

what we know comes from experience; observation and experimentation enable scientific knowledge

Question 2

structuralism

Answer 2

Wundt and Titchener - used introspection to reveal the structure of the mind

Question 3

personality psych

Answer 3

study of individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, acting

Question 4

evolutionary psych

Answer 4

evolution of behavior and mind, using principles of natural selection

Question 5

behavioral psych

Answer 5

scientific study of observable behavior and its explanation by principles of learning

Question 6

cognitive psych

Answer 6

study of all mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Question 7

socio-cultural psych

Answer 7

how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

Question 8

developmental psych

Answer 8

studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the lifespan

Question 9

biological psych

Answer 9

links between genetic/neural/hormonal and psychological processes

Question 10

experimental psych

Answer 10

behavior and thinking using the experimental method

Question 11

humanistic psych

Answer 11

historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people

Question 12

psychodynamic psych

Answer 12

studies how unconcious drives and conflicts influence behavior and uses that info to treat people with psychological disorders

Question 13

social psych

Answer 13

how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Question 14

cognitive neuroscience

Answer 14

interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked w cognition (perception, thinking, memory, language)

Question 15

biopsychosocial approach

Answer 15

incorporates biogical, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

Question 16

behaviorism

Answer 16

view that psychology should be an objective science that studies only observable behavior - OUTDATED

Question 17

basic research

Answer 17

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

Question 18

functionalism

Answer 18

promoted by James and influence by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function

Question 19

nature-nurture issue

Answer 19

longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors; today accepted that both contribute

Question 20

natural selection

Answer 20

traits contributing to survival are most likely to be passed on

Question 21

psycometrics

Answer 21

study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

Question 22

levels of analysis

Answer 22

differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any phenomenon

Question 23

William James

Answer 23

promoted functionalism

Question 24

Mary Whiton Calkins

Answer 24

mentee of James, APA’s first female president

Question 25

Margaret Floy Washburn

Answer 25

wrote The Animal Mind and became second female APA president

Question 26

Sigmund Freud

Answer 26

came up w psychoanalysis

Question 27

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 27

father of psychology

Question 28

John B. Watson

Answer 28

established school of behaviorism

Question 29

B.F. Skinner

Answer 29

behaviorist, operant conditioning

Question 30

G. Stanley Hall

Answer 30

focused on childhood development and evolutionary theory

Question 31

Carl Roger

Answer 31

helped found humanistic psych

Question 32

psychology

Answer 32

study of behavior and mind

Question 33

psychiatry

Answer 33

study and treatment of mental illness, emotional disturbance, and abnormal behavior

Question 34

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 34

classical conditioning