VN 22 Final Exam Flashcards
1) A nurse educates a group of clients with diabetes mellitus on the prevention of
diabetic nephropathy. Which suggestions would be most important?
- Control blood glucose levels.
- Take the antidiabetic drugs regularly.
- Eat a high-fiber diet.
- Drink plenty of fluids.
Control blood glucose levels
2) In addition to teaching a client with constipation to increase dietary fiber intake to
25 g/day, what would the nurse include as important?
- Avoiding bran cereals and beans in the diet.
- Minimizing activity levels for at least 2 months.
- Limiting fluid intake to 5 to 6 glasses per day.
- Adding fiber-rich foods to the diet gradually.
Adding fiber-rich foods to the diet gradually
3) You are caring for a client with chronic migraines. The client has been prescribed
sumatriptan. What drug-related instructions should the nurse give the client?
- Take medication just before going to bed at night.
- Take medication only during the morning when it’s calm and quiet.
- Take medication only when migraine is intense.
- Take medication as soon as symptoms of the migraine begin.
Take medication as soon as symptoms of the migraine begin
4) Client education following a hip dislocation or replacement should include which
instruction? Select all that apply
- Avoid crossing the legs
- Bending is OK if seated in a chair in a 30 degree angle
- Put a pillow between the legs while sleeping
- Keep the knees apart at all times (Abduction)
- Keep the knees together at all times (Adduction)
- avoid crossing the legs
- put pillow between the legs while sleeping
- keep the knees apart at all times (Abduction)
5) A client has just been diagnosed with an aneurysm. In planning discharge teaching
for this client, what instructions should be delivered by the nurse to the client?
- Avoid heavy lifting.
- Include peanut butter, bread, or tart foods in the diet.
- Take opioid analgesics.
- Take an herbal form of feverfew.
-Avoid heavy lifting
6) You are taking care of a client who is taking an anticonvulsant. Why should you
advise the client not to stop taking the drug abruptly?
- It may cause severe and ugly skin rashes.
- It may cause alopecia.
- It may trigger status epilepticus.
- It may cause loss in appetite.
-It may trigger status epileptics
7) A client realizes that regular use of laxatives has greatly improved his bowel pattern.
However, the nurse cautions this client against the prolonged use of laxatives for
which reason?
- The client may lose his appetite.
- The client may develop inflammatory bowel disease.
- The client’s natural bowel function may become sluggish.
- The client may develop arthritis or arthralgia.
The client’s natural bowel function may become sluggish
8) A client who is suspected of urinary tract infection is asked to collect a 24-hour urine
specimen for culture. What measure can the nurse suggest to the client that may
help prevent the urine specimen from becoming contaminated?
- Use the same receptacle for voiding and defecation.
- Collect the voided urine sample primarily before 5 a.m.
- Refrigerate the specimen until it is taken to the laboratory.
- Store the collected urine away from sunlight.
Refrigerate the specimen until it is taken to the laboratory
9) A client is being treated for prolonged diarrhea. Which foods should the nurse
encourage the client to consume?
- Protein-rich foods
- Foods high in Vitamin C
- Potassium-rich foods
- High-fat foods
Potassium rich foods
10) A client with type 2 diabetes asks the nurse why he can’t have a pancreatic
transplant. Which of the following would the nurse include as a possible reason?
- Increased risk for urologic complications
- Underlying problem of insulin resistance
- Need for lifelong immunosuppressive therapy
- Need for exocrine enzymatic drainage
Underlying problem of insulin resistance
11) A client with anorexia complains of constipation. What nursing measure would be
most effective in helping the client reduce constipation?
- Provide adequate quantity of food.
- Obtain complete food history.
- Obtain medical and allergy history.
- Assist client to increase dietary fiber.
Assist client to increase dietary fiber
12) The nurse is providing information about foot care to a client with diabetes. Which
of the following would the nurse include?
- “Wear well-fitting comfortable rubber shoes.”
- “Wash your feet in hot water every day.”
- “Be sure to apply a moisturizer to feet daily.”
- “Use a razor to remove corns or calluses.”
Be sure to apply a moisturizer to feet daily
13) A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis and ketones in
the urine. The nurse would expect what findings?
- Weight gain
- Blood glucose of 52 mg/dL
- Fruity odor of breath
- Chest pain
Fruity odor of breath
14) A nurse is caring for a client who had an above-the-knee amputation 1 week ago.
The client reports a sharp, stabbing type pain (phantom limb pain). Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
- Administer an antiepileptic medication
- Encourage the client to increase fluids
- Question whether the pain is real
- Administer an opioid medication
Administer an anti-epileptic medication
15) A nurse on an orthopedic floor is caring for a client following a knee arthroscopy
Which of the following actions by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply
- Check CPM passive motion device settings
- Apply heat therapy to incision
- Elevate heels off the bed
- Place a pillow behind/under the knee
- Palpate dorsal pedal pulses
- Check CPM passive motion device settings
- Elevate heels off the bed
- Palpate dorsal pedal pulses
16) A client is admitted to the unit with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which insulin would
the nurse expect to be administered intravenously for the treatment of DKA?
- Glargine
- Regular
- Lente
- NPH
Regular
17) The nurse is reviewing a client’s history which reveals that the client has had an
oversecretion of growth hormone (GH) that occurred before puberty. The nurse
interprets this as which of the following?
- Gigantism
- Hashimoto’s Disease
- Simmons’ disease
- Dwarfism
Gigantism
18) A client is found to be comatose and hypoglycemic with a blood sugar of 30mg/dL.
What would the nurse expect the primary care provider to order first?
- Order a urinalysis for the presence of sugar and acetone.
- Order 1000 mL D5W over a 12-hour period.
- Order (D5W) 50% glucose IV to be given immediately.
- Order orange juice with added sugar.
Order (D5W) 50% glucose IV to be given immediately.
19) Which of the following would the nurse expect the physician to order for a client
with hypothyroidism?
- Propylthiouracil
- Levothyroxine
- Methimazole
- Propranolol
Levothyroxine
20) A client with type 1 diabetes is to receive a short-acting insulin and an intermediate-
acting insulin subcutaneously before breakfast. The nurse would administer the
insulin at which site as the preferred site?
- Arms
- Upper buttock
- Thighs
- Abdomen
Abdomen
21) A client is scheduled for an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to detect lesions in
the gastrointestinal tract. The nurse would observe for what while assessing the
client during the procedure?
- Gag reflex
- Client’s tolerance for pain and discomfort
- Client’s ability to retain the barium
- Signs of perforation
Client’s tolerance for pain and discomfort
22) You are caring for a client admitted with a stroke. Imaging studies indicate an
embolus partially obstructing the carotid artery. What type of stroke is this client
experiencing?
- Right-sided
- Ischemic
- Hemorrhagic
- Left-sided
Ischemic
23) What part of the nervous system is responsible for digesting food and eliminating
body waste?
- Parasympathetic
- Central
- Peripheral
- Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
24) Which nervous system regulates the expenditure (use) of energy?
- Peripheral
- Sympathetic
- Parasympathetic
- Central
Sympathetic
