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Viticulture > VMW101 > Flashcards

VMW101 Flashcards

1
Q

What family is the grape in?

A

Vitaceae

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2
Q

What genus is the grape in?

A

Vitis

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3
Q

The most common species of grape?

A

Vitis vinifera

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4
Q

Cultivar

A

A plant that has been propagated thru human intervention. Does not produce “true to type” plants through seed. Must be propagated vegetatively.

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5
Q

Variety

A

Member of a wild population that can interbreed freely and can produce “true to type” plants from seed.

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6
Q

Catawba

A

Variety of V.lambrusca

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7
Q

Concord

A

Variety of V. lambrusca

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8
Q

Sauvignon blanc

A

Variety of V. vinifera

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9
Q

Clone

A

A vegetative reproduction of a cultivar. It is a genetic identical to the mother vine.

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10
Q

Why clones?

A

Grapes vines are sexually heterogenous. Not a look a like from parent 95% of the time.

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11
Q

Plants that produce the same fruit when all conditions are equal

A

Clone

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12
Q

Where did V. vinifera originate?

A

Caucasia, modern day NE Turkey, Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan

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13
Q

When did V vinifera become cultivated?

A

8,000 to 9,000 years ago

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14
Q

Natural growth habits of V vinifera?

A

Canopy, harvested in forest.

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15
Q

What are the 3 earliest archaeological evidence of wine was stored in clay pots.

A

China 7000BC, Georgia 6000 BC AND IRAN 5000 BC

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16
Q

More _________ acid than any other fruit

A

Tartaric

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17
Q

What was found in large quantity in the clay pots?

A

Tartaric adic

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18
Q

Where and how old is the Oldest evidence of a winery ?

A

4100 BC. Armenia, Areni 1cave

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19
Q

Three religious who used wine in ceremony

A

Christianity, ancient Greeks. Ancient Egyptian.

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20
Q

Why was wine so important in Greek times?

A

Source of clean water.

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21
Q

After caucuses where did wine move too and in what year?

A

Greece and Egypt 4000BC to 3000BC

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22
Q

What was added to wine to help preserve it?

A

Resin

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23
Q

Where did the Greek wine expansion happen and when?

A

Sicily & Italy 800BC France 600BC

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24
Q

Who were responsible for huge wine improvements including; oak barrels, appellation system, glass bottles, cool storage and SO2

A

Roman Empire 27BC.-1453AD

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25
Q

4 regions Romans introduced wine to?

A

Bordeaux 100AD , Liore 150AD Mosel 300AD and champagne 400AD

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26
Q

When did wine production explode in CA?

A

1850s

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27
Q

What made wine explode in CA?

A

Gold rush

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28
Q

Where was most wine made 1800S- early 1900s

A

Napa and Sonoma

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29
Q

Where and when was first V vinifera planted

A

Nana Antonio New Mexico 1629

30
Q

What is Scuppernong

A

French Huguenots muscadine wine

31
Q

First California vineyard was established what year?

A

1769

32
Q

Who planted first CA winery

A

Missionaries

33
Q

Why did missisonaries of California plant v vinifera?

A

Sacramental wine

34
Q

What things plagued V vinifera grapes

A

Phylloxera and fungal diseas

35
Q

What is Catawb

A

Mixed lambrusca/vinifera

36
Q

Where was Catawba grown

A

Ohio in 1802

37
Q

What is Catawba like?

A

Foxy and grapey

38
Q

When was Catawba popular

A

1850s

39
Q

Who grew 1200 acres of Catawba and where? What did it lead too?

A

Ohio, Nicolas Longworth

  • first American sparkling
  • widespread distro
40
Q

Pleasant wine company

A

First bonded winery IN US

41
Q

Won awards from Europe

A

Fingerlakes

42
Q

Oldest commercial winery in California. Name, location and year?

A

Buena Vista 1857 Sonoma

43
Q

What teaching mandate was passed in California in 1880?

A

Viticulture and enology research and teaching

44
Q

What year did flex will begin to decimate vineyards?

A

1900

45
Q

What was the 18th amendment?

A

Prohibition

46
Q

What date was the 18th amendment passed

A

January 16, 1919

47
Q

What date was the bolsters act passed

A

October 28, 1919

48
Q

What date did prohibition begin

A

January 17, 1920

49
Q

True or false, sacramental wine made professionally during prohibition

A

True

50
Q

How many gallons of wine and what type of white wine we’re allowed during prohibition

A

Homemade wine up to 200 gallons

51
Q

What was the date a prohibition repeal

A

December 5, 1933

52
Q

What percentage of California wine with sweet by 1951.

A

81%

53
Q

What were five side effects post Prohibition?

A
  1. Poor grapes are used for home wine
  2. Professional winemakers died off
  3. The great depression influenced buying habits
  4. 81% of California wine were sweet
  5. Wine quality restored by 1960-1970
54
Q

What year were grapes introduced to Oregon

A

1840

55
Q

In Oregon how many cases of wine reproduce in 1860

A

Less than 1300 cases

56
Q

In Oregon how many cases of wine reproduce in 1890

A

100,000 cases

57
Q

What was the first bonded winery in Oregon after prohibition and where was it located

A

Honeywood winery in Salem

58
Q

He planted Hillcrest vineyards

A

Richard Sommer

59
Q

What year did Richard Sommer plant Hillcrest Vineyards

A

1961

60
Q

What year was the first Pinot Noir plants in the Willamette Valley in my whom?

A

David Lett in 1965

61
Q

 What two families followed planting grapes in the Willamette Valley in 1969

A

Erath and Ponzi

62
Q

In order what are the top four produced wines in Oregon

A
  1. Pinot noir
  2. Pinot Gris
  3. Chardonnay
  4. Others
63
Q

What number wine producer out of the United States is Oregon

A

Fifth

64
Q

Who are the top four wine producers in the United States in order

A

California, Washington, New York, Pennsylvania

65
Q

What is a common noun degrees of the wind belt

A

Between 30° and 50° north and south

66
Q

What’s Is the average range of climates in the wine belt?

A

50-68 degrees

67
Q

What are the three types of climates in Wine growing regions

A

Mediterranean maritime and continental

68
Q

What percentage of world grapes are used for making wine

A

50

69
Q

33% of Global grapes are used for what

A

Table grapes

70
Q

What percentage of global grape production is used for juice concentrates or raisins

A

27

71
Q

Grapes are the highest valued horticultural crop in the world true or false

A

True

72
Q

What place did grapes rank in terms of most edible fruit?

A

Second

Viticulture (2 decks)

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