VL7 Cellbiology Flashcards
What is a hami
structures, which look like grapping hooks (Wiederhacken)
-For cell attachment to structures an the enviroment
-only found in archea
What are the functions of membranes
-Permeabilität/Austausch von Stoffen mit der Umwelt (Membrantransport
-Strukturgebend
-Schutz
-Signaltransduktion
-Verbindung mit anderen Zellen
Why do ionized molecules not readily pass through the cytoplasmic membrane
Charged atoms or molecules of any size cannot cross the cell membrane via simple diffusion as the charges are repelled by the hydrophobic tails in the interior of the phospholipid bilayer.
The ionized form has low lipid solubility (but high water solubility—ie, hydrophilic) and high electrical resistance and thus cannot penetrate cell membranes easily.
Describe bacterial cytoplasm and its basic contents
- Erbinfo Nukleoid(Zellkern Äquivalent)
-Ribosome
-Cytosol
-Mitochondr
…(siehe Bild)
Define inclusion bodies and give two examples
deposits of lipids, Stärke or compounds containing nitrogen, phosphate or sulfur
-rarly with membrane
Forms: for carbonstorage in some bacteria:
-Glycogen
-PHB(polyhydroxybutyrate
Describe the structure and function of ribosomes
structure:
function: proteinbiosynthesis
Do have bacteria a cytoskeleton? If yes, why? What is it function?
kinda yes:
analogus elements:
-FtsZ, tubulin like
-ParM, actin like
-MreB, actin like
Funktion: Celldivision, cell polarity, cell shape, plasmid partition
What is a nucleoid?
das nicht von einer Kernmembran umgebene Genom der Prokaryonten
What is a biofilm?
Schleimschichten, die von Mikroorganismen gebildet werden, die selbst in diese Schleimschicht eingebettet sind
Which advantages do biofilms offer to bacteria?
-Schutz (können Toxine enthalten???)(Unemfindlichkeit gegen Antibiotika
-Transport (Motility)
-Cluster von mehreren Bakterien ( Austausch informationen/ Horizontaler Gentransfer)
