VL21-25

Question 1

beings who are part of our moral community

Answer 1

persons

Question 2

you’re a person if you have DNA, and you’re not a person if you don’t

Answer 2

genetic criterion

Question 3

personhood comes in dgrees and you can have more or less of it

Answer 3

gradient theory of personhood

Question 4

“the key to personhood is sentience, the ability to feel pleasure and pain”

Answer 4

peter singer

Question 5

cognitive criteria for personhood (5)

Answer 5

1. conciousness
2. reasoning
3. self-motivated activity
4. capacity to communicate
5. self-awareness

Question 6

you’re a person whenever society recognizes you as a person, or whenever someone cares about you

Answer 6

social criterion

Question 7

the view that the world is made only of physical stuff, including us

Answer 7

reductive physicalism

Question 8

the world is made of both physical and mental stuff

Answer 8

substance dualism

Question 9

the theory that there are two entities, mind and body, each of which can have affect on the other

Answer 9

interactionism

Question 10

instances of subjective, first person experience

Answer 10

qualia

Question 11

a philosophical fallacy in which the premises assume the conclusion they’re supposed to be proving

Answer 11

begging the question

Question 12

physical states can give rise to mental states, but mental states can’t affect physical states

Answer 12

epiphenomenalism

Question 13

introduces the view of mysterianism

Answer 13

colin mcginn

Question 14

the question of conciousness is unsolvable by human minds

Answer 14

mysterianism

Question 15

the belief that some human actions are freely chosen

Answer 15

libertarian free will

Question 16

an action is free only of the agent that is the person doing the thing could have done otherwise

Answer 16

principle of alternate possibilities

Question 17

no physical event san occur without having been caused by a previous physical event

Answer 17

event causation

Question 18

an agent a being propelled by a mind can start a whole chain of causality that wasn’t caused by anything else

Answer 18

agent causation

Question 19

the view that all parts of the world, and of our own experience can be traced back to one singular thing

Answer 19

reductionism

Question 20

believes that the universe operates with law-like order and that the past determines the future

Answer 20

compatibilist

Question 21

some human actions are take freely

Answer 21

soft determinism

Question 22

every thing is actually determined but we can still call action free if determination comes from within ourselves

Answer 22

soft determinism