Viticulture & Vinification

Question 1

Most vine growing occurs between the __º and __º latitudes.

Answer 1

30º and 50º

Question 2

Match the following:
Macroclimate, microclimate, mesoclimate
with
Vineyard, wine region, single row vines

Answer 2

Macroclimate: wine region
Microclimate: single row vines
Mesoclimate: vineyard

Question 3

What is continental climate?

Answer 3

Lack of proximity to bodies of water with moderating influences, hot summers, cold winters

Question 4

What is maritime climate?

Answer 4

Climate influenced by a large body of water.

Mild temperatures

Question 5

Describe mediterranean climate.

Answer 5

Hot and dry summers

Summers are mild near the coasts

Question 6

Name a negative effect of wind to the vines.

Answer 6

Blow vines over
Dehydrate the vines
Blow buds/flowers off the vines

Question 7

What is a rain shadow?

Answer 7

Dry area on one side of a mountain opposite the wine, rain, and generally poor weather

Question 8

Name the parts of the grape.

Answer 8

Skins, stalks, pips, pulps

Question 9

The most important genus Vitis for wine production is Vitis ____.

Answer 9

Vinifera

Question 10

What is green harvest?

Answer 10

Cutting grape bunches off the vine before harvest to focus the vine’s energy on fewer, higher quality bunches

Question 11

What is phylloxera?

Answer 11

A vine louse that destroyed a third of the world’s vines beginning in the late 1800s

Question 12

True/False: Phylloxera is still a challenge today

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Sugar + Yeast = ___, CO2, and heat

Answer 13

Alcohol

Question 14

Name 3 vessel materials used for fermentation.

Answer 14

Wood, stainless steel, and concrete

Question 15

Name some flavor changes of oak aging.

Answer 15

Vanilla, toast, spice (cinnamon, clove, allspice), coconut, dill

Question 16

Name some aromas of lees contact.

Answer 16

Bread dough, yeast, toast, subtle white flowers, nuts (blanched almonds, peanut shells, pine nuts)

Question 17

What is chaptalization?

Answer 17

The addition of sugar to must to increase the final alcohol content of the wine

Question 18

What is acidification?

Answer 18

The addition of tartaric acid to increase the acidity of the must to achieve improved balance in the resulting wine

Question 19

Where is carbonic maceration most closely associated?

Answer 19

Beaujolais, France

Question 20

What are the flavor differences in French vs American oak?

Answer 20

American oak shows more intense flavors of vanilla, baking spices, dill, and coconut
French oak show more subtle flavors of vanilla, toast, and spice