Viticulture

Question 1

Botrytis Cinera

Answer 1

• Noble | Grey rot
• Sauterns, monbazillac, tokaji, beerenauselese, trockenbeerenauselese,
• Susceptible: Riesling, semillon, chenin blanc

Question 2

Destemming

Answer 2

• Removing stems/stalks from grapes
• In many whites and majority of reds
• Not used in sparkling / carbonic maceration

Question 3

Green Harvesting

Answer 3

• Removal of bunches which enables the remaining bunches to ripen more fully and evenly
• If done too early vines will increased rate of berry cell division and increased berry size

Question 4

Leaf Stripping

Answer 4

Removal of leaves from fruit zone, usually done btwn veraison and harvest

Question 5

Tucking In

Answer 5

• Organizes canopy & facilitates mechanization

* Important for upright canopies

Question 6

Multi wired Horizontal

Answer 6

• High potential sites

* Examples: Geneva double curtain, lyre, pergola

Question 7

Bud rubbing

Answer 7

• Removal of a potential undesirable shoot before it has a chance to grow

Question 8

Vertical Shoot Positioning (VSP)

Answer 8

• Widely used, nondivided canopy
• Cane pruned = guyot
• Spur pruned on unilateral or bilateral cordons
• Shoots uniformly trained; fruit in one zone, shoots in another

Question 9

Two Wire Vertical

Answer 9

• Most basic form - widely used throughout the world

Question 10

Head Trained | Cane Pruned

Answer 10

• Have a crown established below the wire and up to 4 canes of 10-15 nodes fixed/wrapped along the wire w/ 2-4 2 node replacement spurs

Question 11

Cordon Trained | Spur pruned

Answer 11

• Trunk divided 15cm below wire & permanent horizontal cordon established

Question 12

Vertical Divided

Answer 12

• Scott Henry - 2 fruiting wires; 1 @ 1m, other at 1.15m - moderate potential sites
• Smart Dyson (ballerina) - vine is cordon trained; pruning done by machine

Question 13

Single Wire

Answer 13

• Forms a continuous row of foliage & relatively inexpensive to install
• Can be cordon trained & spur pruned or
• Head trained & cane pruned
• Draw back = new shoots hang down offering no protection to fruit from sunburn

Question 14

Staked Vines

Answer 14

• Have post where vine is tied for support
• Trained to form crown 20-30cm above ground; 2-4 canes are fixed to stake
• Spur pruned w/ bearers radiating in circular shape
• Low density, low yield, not suitable for high vigor sites

Question 15

Untrellised

Answer 15

• Bush/free standing vine -> oldest & least expensive
• Trunk trained short; no trellis
• Low cost offset by low production
• Spur pruned => bush vines/gobelet
• Cane pruned => have basket (common in Santorini)

Question 16

Grafting: Field v Bench

Answer 16

• Field - planted directly to vineyard
• Bench - carried out indoors during late winter/early spring
  
  • whip technique - by hand
  • omega technique - by machine

Question 17

Prompt v Latent Buds

Answer 17

• Prompt: buds that break in same year they are formed

* Latent: buds that break following spring