Viti techniques Flashcards
As a viticulturist, what factors would influence your approach to growing cover crops in the vineyard?
- Soil Nutrition and Microbial Biodiversity
Kristin Lowe (Porter): Uses legumes for nitrogen and organic carbon enrichment.
Spier - Stellenbosch: High-density animal grazing on perennials accelerates carbon sequestration; 2% carbon increase doubles water capacity. - Soil Structure and Vine Vigor
Mauro Maldonado (Ridge): Grasses and clovers control erosion; deep-rooted perennials manage excess vine vigor.
Duncan McNeill (Danbury Ridge): Cover crops reduce vine vigor through nitrogen competition, helping manage ripening for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. - Climate Adaptation
Miguel Galet (Vina Ventisquero): Uses natural grasses and mulching to keep soil aerated and moist.
David Guimareans (Taylors): Plants seasonal cover that becomes natural mulch in summer.
Frost risk- keep short - Specific Limitations
Medlock Ames (Alexander Valley): Flowering cover crops attract predators for pests like leafhoppers and mealybugs.
Economic Considerations: High costs for quality seeds (clover/legumes); cheaper seeds risk introducing weeds. Cutting grasses is demanding- Ted Lemon @litoraii uses sheeps
21.Discuss the major factors impact timing of harvest in a vineyard?
- ripeness -
Sugars
Acidity-pH, TA
phenolic ripeness
2.climatic conditions
Rain- glenn mechanical harvest- also fires and other aspects
Prevent dilution and botrytis.
- Labour avaiability
Own crews-fugeray de beauclair
Chris Blandy- 300 producers- logistics are intricate- before harvest comes
4.other
Cellar tank space (large winery)
Trucks abiavility for transportation- Trinchero
Discuss the current role and potential future use of hybrids in viticulture.
Definition- cross of European Vitis Vinifera and American Vitis labrusca or ripara
relevant for climate change, precipitation pattern changes, lower yielding, higher temperatures and drought resistance.
market limitations:Consumers, difficult names, legistlations, OIV definitins.
VDP - not there yet in term of flavour profile, in development
<5% of global vineyards-
Role- future strategy - example with analysis
1.Dissease resistance - key in humid regions
Jurgen Armor Franconia- Cabernet Cortis 95% healthier with only 2 sprays/year
Also: Organic and bio long term sustainability in these regions
- Current Opportunity for marginal climate regions - will continue in the future more nothern marginal climates
Chapel Down Baccus in UK
Nicholas Abbinson (sweeden), farms 2ha of Solaris sparkling
3.Cost efficiency (time saving, less passes, consistent yields) is one of the benefits, and could promote its development.
Rio Grande du Sul- 93% hybrids- Cabernet cortis or Regent
Challenges. Quality
Rubired- widely used in Cali for colour/Hibrid of tinta cao
Limitations
take time Felicia JKI Institute took 36 years
Flavour profile with more VV in blend
- Current use in traditional regions too
Limitations: OIV definitions and regulations + Champagne
Future :Champagne included Hybrid in permited varieties. charles heidsieck will be planting voltis as a response to climate change
- What are the most critical considerations for selecting rootstocks when stablishinh a new vineyard?
Rootstock provide anchor,nutrition and water to the vines. Non V.V. can be grafted for other functions
1.P&D
Phyloxera- only long term solution SO$- H&H Humberto Jardim
Nematodos- Ramsey
- Soil chemistry and pH- avoid toxicity
Salinity- Paulsen
Acidic soils- 99R
Lime 41B- Aurelien Laherte VS Jerez X that is more resistent to drought
3.Water avaiaility
Sebastian Labbe- Santa Rita- 350ha CS 110 R
Miguel Galet- Ventisqueto- 100R too much vigour
- Vine balance
Vigour high= Ramsey (also drought resistant)- Taylors AU
Low + Fruit maturity 5C Teleki- bin 169 penfold to regulate vigour of CS
also price- between 2-20USD
- What factors affect timing of prunning in vineyards around the world
-Frost risk
Winter damage
Rainfall
labour logistics
Trunk dissease risk- Old vines
Dormant vs green prunining
mechanical prunning
What is the role of prunning when managing an stablished vineyard?
18.Is the use of covercrops worthwhile in viti?
