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Viticulture/Viniculture > Viti > Flashcards

Viti Flashcards

1
Q

At what temperature do vines emerge from dormancy in the spring?

A

50F

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2
Q

What is budbreak?

A

The first stage of the annual lifecycle in the spring, when shoots and leaves emerge from the buds left after pruning.

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3
Q

What is the biggest climatic concern from budbreak to fruit set?

A

Frost.

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4
Q

What is flowering, and when does it occur?

A

The blooming of the embryo bunches into flowers, occurring 6-13 weeks after budbreak.

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5
Q

How does Fruit Set occur?

A

The grapevine self-pollinates, and each fertilized bloom becomes a grape.

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6
Q

What is “shatter?”

A

Fruit set usually only occurs successfully at about 30%; the remaining embryo berries “shatter,” falling from the cluster.

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7
Q

What is veraison?

A

The transfer of the vine’s energy from vegetative growth to reproduction; indicated by the change in color on the grapes. This is also when sugars move from the leaves into the grapes.

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8
Q

What is the French term for harvest?

A

Vendange

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9
Q

What is the ideal annual temperature for viticulture?

A

50-68F, with 57F being the sweet spot

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10
Q

What is the average summer temperature required to ripen red grapes?

A

70F

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11
Q

What is the average summer temperature required to ripen white grapes?

A

66F

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12
Q

Viticulture generally exists between which latitudinal parallels?

A

30-50

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13
Q

What is the California Heat Summation Index?

A

A scale dividing climates into 5 regions based on the number of Degree Days.

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14
Q

What is the equation for Degree Days?

A

days in the month x mean # of degrees over 50F for that month. Month totals are added together to arrive at the summation.

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15
Q

What dates define the growing season?

A

April 1st to October 31st.

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16
Q

How many Degree Days in Region 1?

A

Less than 2500

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17
Q

How many Degree Days in Region 2?

A

2500-3000

18
Q

How many Degree Days in Region 3?

A

3000-3500

19
Q

How many Degree Days in Region IV?

A

3500-4000

20
Q

How many Degree Days in Region V?

A

More than 4000

21
Q

High soil pH results in what?

A

High grape acidity (low pH)

22
Q

High soil acidity (low pH) can be counteracted by what?

A

Lime

23
Q

What is selection massale?

A

Replanting from a number of vines throughout the vineyard, which allows the grower to select the best vines to propagate, but retains some genetic diversity in the vineyard.

24
Q

What is clonal selection?

A

Replanting with one specific clone

25
Q

What is the minimum amount of sunshine required to support viticulture?

A

1300 hours annually

26
Q

How much rainfall does the average vine require in in a year?

A

20-30 inches

27
Q

Heat affects:

A

Sugar, acid, tannin

28
Q

Light affects:

A

Phenolic development

29
Q

What are the two main types of vine training?

A

Head-training

Cordon-training

30
Q

What kind of pruning may be used with head-trained vines?

A

Spur OR Cane Pruning

31
Q

What kind of pruning may be used with cordon-trained vines?

A

Spur pruning ONLY

32
Q

What is albarello?

A

Italian for en gobelet

33
Q

What is en vaso?

A

Spanish for en gobelet

34
Q

No. 500

A

Cow Manure
Placed in a cow horn and buried underground for the winter; in the spring the horn is dug up, the manure mixed with water and sprayed on the vines.
Stimulates growth.

35
Q

No. 501

A

Horn-Silica
Ground silica is mixed with rainwater and packed in a cowhorn, buried in the spring and dug up in autumn, then sprayed on crops.
Stimulates growth.

36
Q

No. 502

A

Yarrow Blossoms
Flower heads are placed in a stag’s bladder and applied to compost.
Compost Inoculation

37
Q

No. 503

A

Chamomile Blossoms
Flower heads are buried in the ground and then reapplied to compost
Compost inoculation

38
Q

No. 504

A

Stinging Nettle
Applied to compost. A tea may also be made and sprayed on low vigor vines.
Compost Inoculation

39
Q

No. 505

A

Oak Bark
Bark is buried in the skull of a domestic animal, then applied to compost
Compost Inoculation

40
Q

No. 506

A

Dandelion Flowers
Placed in cow mesentery (peritoneum, or abdominal lining), then applied to compost.
Compost Inoculation

41
Q

No. 507

A

Valerian Flowers
Flowers are juiced, then applied to compost.
Compost Inoculation

42
Q

No. 508

A

Horsetail Plant
Used to prepare tea.
Foliar spray against fungal disease.

Viticulture/Viniculture (13 decks)

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