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Vitamins & Minerals > Vitamins & Minerals > Flashcards

Vitamins & Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

[True or False]

Vitamins do not yield usable energy when broken down

A

TRUE

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2
Q

What are the Fat-Soluble Vitamins?

A

Vitamins, A, D, E, K

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3
Q

What type of vitamins are absorbed like fat, into the lymphatic system? They are stored in larger quantities and less vulnerable to cooking losses

A

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

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4
Q

What are the Water-Soluble Vitamins

A

8 B-Vitamins, and Vitamin C

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5
Q

What type of vitamins are absorbed into the bloodstream, stored in small amounts, and vulnerable to cooking losses

A

Water-Soluble Vitamins

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6
Q

Vitamin that is absorbed directly into the blood

A

Water-soluble vitamins

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7
Q

Vitamins that is absorbed first into the lymp; then the blood

A

Fat-soluble vitamin

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8
Q

Vitamin the can travel freely inside the body

A

Water-Soluble Vitamin

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9
Q

Vitamin that required protein carriers to move in the body

A

Fat-Soluble Vitamin

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10
Q

Vitamin that circulates freely in the water filled parts of the body

A

Water-Soluble Vitamin

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11
Q

Vitamin that is stored in the cells associated with fat

A

Fat-Soluble Vitamin

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12
Q

Vitamins that kidneys detect and remove excess in urine

A

Water-Soluble Vitamin

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13
Q

Vitamins that less readily excreted; tend to remain in fat-storage sites

A

Fat-Soluble Vitamin

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14
Q

Vitamins that is likely to reach toxic levels when consumed from supplements

A

Water-Soluble & Fat- Soluble Vitamins

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15
Q

Vitamins needed in frequent doses (perhaps 1 to 3 days)

A

Water-Soluble Vitamin

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16
Q

Vitamins needed in periodic doses (perhaps weeks or even months)

A

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

17
Q

Means to replace lost nutrients

A

Enrichment

18
Q

Means to add extra nutrients (not in the food item to begin with)

A

Fortification

19
Q

Vitamins in foods in an inactive form

A

Provitamins

20
Q

How much of the PDRI or RENI is needed for a food to be considered fortified

A

1/3

21
Q

Vitamin antagonists or pseudovitamins

Often related to the biologically active vitamins in terms of chemical nature

Substances that interfere with the synthesis or metabolism of the vitamins

A

Antivitamins

22
Q

Antivitamins are often found in?

A

Raw foods like egg white

23
Q

Common functions of this are:
▪︎ normal exchange of materials between body fluid compartments
▪︎ contractility of muscles
▪︎ transmission of nerve impulses
▪︎ oxidative processes and metabolic reactions
▪︎ digestive processes
▪︎ normal bloid clotting
▪︎ maintenance of pH

A

Minerals

24
Q

Found in the human body in amounts larger than 5 grams in a reference individual

A

Minerals

25
Q

Minerals needed by the body in larger amounts, 400-1000 mg

A

Major Minerals

26
Q

Major minerals

A
  1. Calcium
  2. Phosphorus
  3. Potassium
  4. Sulfue
  5. Sodium
  6. Chloride
  7. Magnesium
27
Q

Major minerals that influence the body’s fluid balance

Plays a role in maintaining homeostasis

Jet member of the team if nutrients involved in regulating blood pressure

A

Sodium, chloride, and potassium

28
Q

Major minerals that participate in many reactions involving glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, and the vitamins

A

Phosphorus and Magnesium

29
Q

Major minerals that combine to form the structure of bone and teeth

A

Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium

30
Q

Major minerals that plays an important role in helping strands of protein to assuje a functional shape

Skin, hair, nails contain some of the body’s more rigid proteins, which contains high content of this mineral

A

Sulfur

31
Q

Minerals needed by the body in smaller amounts, 1.5-27 milligrams or lower

A

Minor Minerals

32
Q

Minor Minerals

A
  1. Iron
  2. Zinc
  3. Iodine
  4. Selenium
  5. Copper
  6. Manganese
  7. Fluoride
  8. Chromium
  9. Molybdenum
33
Q

Minor mineral that is an integral part of the protein hemoglobin

A

Iron

34
Q

Minor mineral that helps form hemoglobin

A

Copper

35
Q

Carries oxygen to the different parts of the body

A

Copper

36
Q

Minor mineral that is also vital in the formation of heme in hemoglobin

It also liberates Vitamin A from the storage in the liver

A

Zinc

37
Q

Minor mineral that is the component of the thyroid hormone that regulate growth and development

A

Chromium

38
Q

Minor minerals that functions as part of several metal-containing enzymes

A

Molybdenum

Vitamins & Minerals (5 decks)

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