Energy & Calorie Flashcards
Is calorie and energy equivalent?
YES
The capacity to do work.
Used in voluntary and involuntary activities
Energy
Unit of measure of energy
Kilocalories (Kcal) or Joule
Conversion of Kcal and Kj
1 Kcal = 4.18 Kj
2 methods of measuring energy in food
- Direct
- Indirect
Type of method to measure energy in food using a calorimeter
Direct
Type of method to measure energy in food using food composition table (FCT) and oxycalorimetry
Indirect
What is the physiological fuel value of Carbohydrate? (kcal/g)
4 kcal/g
What is the physiological fuel value of Protein? (kcal/g)
4 kcal/g
What is the physiological fuel value of Fat? (kcal/g)
9 kcal/g
What is the % Disgestibility of CHO?
98%
What is the % Disgestibility of CHON?
92%
What is the % Disgestibility of FAT?
95%
When the energy consumed is equal to the energy expended, the person is on ____ and the body weight is stable.
Energy Balance
Energy in = Energy out
Energy Balance
Prompts eating; physiological desire
Hunger
Signals you to stop eating
Satiation
Feeling of ‘fullness’; lack of hunger
Satiety
Physchological desire to eat
Appetite
Measurement of oxygen consumption as an estimate of resting metabolic rate
Indirect Calorimetry
Defined as the ratio carbon dioxide production/oxygen consumption
Affected by extremes of substrate use by the body
Respiratory Quotient
Formula for Repiratory Quotient
Rq = Volume of CO2 eliminated / Volume of O2 consumed
A condition of the body in which there is excess fat
Obesity
Formation of Glycogen (Glucose to Glycogen)
Glycogenesis
Breakdown of glycogen into glucose (glycogen to glucose)
Glycogenolysis
Formation of glucose (amino acids to glucose)
Gluconeogenesis
Formation of Fat (Glucose or FAAs to Fats)
Lipogenesis
Breakdown of Fat (Fat to FAAs & glycerol)
Lipolysis
Storage place of glycogen
Liver & muscles
