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Health Differences > Vitamins and Minerals > Flashcards

Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

folate sources

A

green leafy vegetables, liver

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2
Q

hypermagnesemia s/s

A

CNS depression, coma, hypotension

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3
Q

chloride function

A

component of HCl in the stomach, fluid balance, acid-base balance

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4
Q

potassium function

A

major ion of intracellular fluid, fluid and acid-base balance

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5
Q

hyperkalemia s/s

A

irritability, anxiety, cardiac dysrhythmias, heart block

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6
Q

iron function

A

O2 transport by hemoglobin

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7
Q

sodium sources

A

salt

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8
Q

vit K function

A

synthesis of proteins necessary for clotting

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9
Q

fluoride sources

A

fluoridated water, fish, tea

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10
Q

hyponatremia s/s

A

muscle cramps, cold and clammy skin, confusion, nausea, lethargy

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11
Q

thiamin function

A

coenzyme required to convert glucose to energy

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12
Q

riboflavin sources

A

milk, organ meats, greens

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13
Q

sulfur function

A

promotes enzyme and detox reactions

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14
Q

calcium function

A

bone and tooth formation, blood clotting, nerve transmission, muscle contraction

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15
Q

sulfur sources

A

provided by adequate amounts of protein, meat, eggs, milk, nuts

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16
Q

B6 sources

A

yeast, banana, cantaloupe, broccoli, spinach

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17
Q

iron sources

A

liver, meats, enriched cereals

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18
Q

selenium function

A

antioxidant

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19
Q

iodine function

A

component of thyroid hormones

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20
Q

zinc sources

A

oysters, liver, meats, beans, nuts

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21
Q

vitamins C functions

A

collagen formation, antioxidant, enhances iron absorption

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22
Q

B6 function

A

protein, fat, carb metabolism

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23
Q

pantothenic acid sources

A

meatn, poultry, fish, whole grain cereals

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24
Q

sodium function

A

major ion of extracellular fluid, fluid and acid-base balance

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25
Q

vit E sources

A

vegetable oils, wheat germ, whole grains

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26
Q

antioxidant

A

protects the body’s cells from the damaging effects of oxidation

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27
Q

riboflavin function

A

carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism

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28
Q

hypernatremia s/s

A

edema, weight gain, HTN

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29
Q

hypokalemia s/s

A

muslce cramps, weakness, cardiac dysrhythmias

30
Q

fluoride function

A

tooth formation, bone formation

31
Q

chromium function

A

cofactor for insulin, needed for proper glucose metabolism

32
Q

manganese function

A

protein and energy metabolism

33
Q

biotin sources

A

liver, egg yolk

34
Q

folate function

A

RNA and DNA synthesis; formation of red blood cells

35
Q

fat soluble vitamins

A

vit A, D, E, K

36
Q

zinc function

A

tissue growth, sexual maturation, immunity

37
Q

thiamin function

A

coenzyme required for producing energy from glucose

38
Q

selenium sources

A

organ meats, wheat

39
Q

chromium sources

A

meats, whole grains

40
Q

manganese sources

A

whole grains, nuts, peas

41
Q

macrominerals

A

calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, sodium, potassium, chloride

42
Q

vit C deficiency symptoms

A

scurvy, delayed wound healing

43
Q

copper function

A

iron metabolism and enzyme function

44
Q

niacin sources

A

kidney, grains, lean meats, nuts

45
Q

vitamin A sources

A

liver, carrots, egg yolk, fortified milk

46
Q

biotin

A

carb, fat and protein metabolism

47
Q

vit K sources

A

dark grean leafy vegetables, synthesized in intestines by gut bacteria

48
Q

chloride sources

A

salt

49
Q

vit D function

A

calcium and phosphorus metabolism, calcium absorption

50
Q

niacin function

A

carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism

51
Q

copper soures

A

liver, shellfish, grains, peas, beans

52
Q

magnesium sources

A

green leafy vegetables, nuts, beans, grains

53
Q

hypomagnesemia s/s

A

anorexia, muscle weakness

54
Q

magnesium function

A

bone and tooth formation, carb metabolism, protein synthesis

55
Q

B12 sources

A

organ meats, seafood

56
Q

vitamin C sources

A

citrus fruits, broccoli, green pepper, strawberries, greens

57
Q

vit A function

A

visual acuity in dim light, formation of skin and mucous membranes, immune function

58
Q

phosphorus sources

A

milk products

59
Q

thiamin deficiency s/s

A

beriberi, confusion, fatique

60
Q

B-complex vitamins

A

thiamin, riboflaven, niacin, B6, folate, B12, pantothenic acid, biotin

61
Q

phosphorus function

A

bone and tooth formation, acid-base balance, energy metabolism

62
Q

vit D sources

A

sunlight, fortified milk, fish liver oils

63
Q

iodine sources

A

iodized salt, seafood

64
Q

thiamin sources

A

pork, liver, whole grains, legumes

65
Q

vit E function

A

antioxidant, protects vit A, heme synthesis

66
Q

microminerals

A

iron, iodine, zinc, copper, manganese, fluoride, chromium, selenium, cobalt

67
Q

potassium sources

A

whole grains, fruits, leafy vegetables

68
Q

Calcium sources

A

milk and dairy, greens

69
Q

pantothenic acid function

A

carb, protein, fat metabolism

70
Q

B12 function

A

formation of the “heme” portion of hemoglobin

Health Differences (7 decks)

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