vitamins And Minerals

Question 1

What is the function of vitamins and minerals in the body?

Answer 1

Essential in small amount to maintain health.

Question 2

Give 2 examples of vitamins

Answer 2

Vitamin c, vitamin d

Question 3

Give 2 examples of minerals

Answer 3

Iron and calcium

Question 4

What does iron do in the body?

Answer 4

Forms haemoglobin (give red blood cells their colour)
Carries oxygen around the body
Prevents anaemia (makes you tired and look pale)

Question 5

What are the two different types of iron?

Answer 5

Haem iron and non haem iron

Question 6

What is haem iron?

Answer 6

It is easy to absorb
Usually round in animal foods
Similar to iron in our blood

Question 7

What is non haem iron?

Answer 7

Cannot be absorbed in body unless eaten with food containing vitamin c (e.g fruit and veg)
Found in plant foods

Question 8

Give examples of haem iron?

Answer 8

Beef, fish, poultry, liver, pork

Question 9

Give examples of non haem iron

Answer 9

Eggs, nuts, dried fruit, dark green leafy veg

Question 10

What are the functions of vitamin c?

Answer 10

Only found in fruit + veg
absorbs non-haem irons
Boosts immune system
Helps to avoid infections eg cold and flu
Antioxidant (protects body against serious diseases) e.g chd (coronary heart disease) + cancer

Question 11

Give sources of vitamin c

Answer 11

Berries eg strawberries
Currants eg red currants
Citrus fruits e.g oranges/lemons
Cabbage
Peppers

Question 12

Give 2 examples of how we can include vitamin c creatively in our diet.

Answer 12

Veg+fruit smoothies
Fruit crumble
Tropical fruit salad

Question 13

What functions does calcium have in the body?

Answer 13

Forms strong bones + teeth in children and adolescents (vital)
Maintains strong bones + teeth in adults

Question 14

Give sources of calcium

Answer 14

Dairy products e.g milk, yoghurt, cheese
White bread, pulses
(3 portions a day)

Question 15

What are the functions of vitamin d in the body?

Answer 15

Found in fatty foods (fat soluble)
Created by body when uv light hits skin
Causes chemical reaction
Allows body to absorb and use calcium
Works with calcium to form and maintain bones and teeth

Question 16

Give sources of vitamin D

Answer 16

Cheese, eggs, oily fish e.g salmon

Question 17

What are the properties of processed foods?

Answer 17

Save time, convenient, low nutritional value

Question 18

Give sources of processed foods

Answer 18

Bread, pasta sauce, baked beans, lasagne, frozen peas.

Question 19

Give examples of processed foods you should not eat often and why

Answer 19

Crisps-salt + fat
Pizza- fat + salt
Cream cakes- fat

Question 20

What are the advantages of processed foods?

Answer 20

Save time, can be stored

Question 21

What are the disadvantages of processed foods?

Answer 21

Expensive, low nutritional value, may be high in fat, sugar or salt.

Question 22

Give examples of ways we can make processed foods more nutritional

Answer 22

E.g beef burger in bap- add washed salad from a bag
Roast beef + potatoes- frozen carrots + peas

Question 23

What does iron prevent?

Answer 23

Anemia. It makes you tired and look pale.

Question 24

How much of each source of calcium do we need in our diets?

Answer 24

Milk- 200ml glass
Yoghurt- 150g pot
Cheese- 30g/ small matchbox

Question 25

What sources of calcium can we have that are non-dairy?

Answer 25

White bread + pulses