Vitamins Flashcards
What are the symptoms of vitamin B1 (thiamin) deficiency?
- Impaired glucose breakdown (ATP depletion)
- Wet Beri Beri – cardiac issues
- Dry Beri Beri – neurological issues
- Wernicke Encephalopathy – seen in alcoholics (decrease in TPP, increase in pyruvate, increase in lactic acid)
What are the symptoms of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency?
- Cheilosis – inflammation at lips/scaling
- Corneal vascularization
What are the symptoms of vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency?
Pellagra (3Ds – dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia)
What are the symptoms of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) deficiency?
- Dermatitis
- enteritis
- alopecia
- adrenal insufficiency
What are the symptoms of vitamin B6 deficiency?
- Convulsions
- microcytic/sideroblastic/hypochromic anemia
What are the symptoms of vitamin B7 deficiency?
None
What are the symptoms of vitamin B9 (folate) deficiency?
Macrocytic/megaloblastic anemia
What are the symptoms of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency?
Macrocytic/pernicious anemia (neurological defects)
What are the symptoms of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency?
- Bruising
- petechiae (blood vessels bursting causing blood spots under skin)
- kidney stones
- scurvy
- decreased immune response
- microcytic/hypochromic anemia
What are the symptoms of vitamin D deficiency?
- Rickett’s (bowlegs)
- oesteomalacia (bone pain)
What are the symptoms of vitamin E (tocopherol) deficiency?
- Hemolytic anemia
- neurological symptoms
What are the symptoms of vitamin K (phylloquinone) deficiency?
None
What are the symptoms of vitamin A deficiency?
- Night blindness
- scaly skin
- cornea degeneration
- spots on conjunctiva
What are causes of vitamin B7 (biotin) defeciency?
- antibiotics
- raw egg whites (contain avidin)
Who are the two at risk populations of vitamin B9 (folate) deficiency?
pregnant women (spina bifida/neural tube defects) and alcoholics
What are the five causes of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency?
- Decreased secretion of pancreatic proteases (CF)
- Limited IF secretion
- Gastritis
- Parasites
- Vegan Diets